Coralslurrinella hongkonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium in the family Psychromonadaceae, isolated from the coral Platygyra carnosus

A novel bacterial strain, JLT2006^T, was isolated from the scleractinian coral Platygyra carnosus, located in Hong Kong, China. Cells of this strain were Gram-negative, rod-shaped or oval-shaped and motile by the means of polar flagella. They formed faint-yellow, round colonies on marine agar medium. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the strain JLT2006^T belonged to the class Gammaproteobacteria and was most closely related to Alteromonas-like bacteria of the genera Psychromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Moritella, Shewanella and Ferrimonas, with less than 93 % sequence similarity. The predominant fatty acids were identified as C18:1ω7c/C18:1ω6c (23.0 %), C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c (18.2 %) and C16:0 (16.4 %). The quinone was menaquinone-7 (100 %). The polar lipids were determined to be phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipid, glycolipid and lipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 40.3 mol%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence as well as the physiological and biochemical features that separate the strain JLT2006^T from other recognized bacteria, a novel species of a new genus with the name Coralslurrinella hongkonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JLT2006^T (=JCM 18796^T = CGMCC 1.10992^T).     

中压制备液相色谱快速分离制备儿茶素单体

以反相中压制备液相色谱为工具,甲醇-水作为洗脱溶剂,通过C18 (ODS-AQ)填料从茶多酚中一步分离出表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、表儿茶素(EC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)等四种儿茶素单体.1.0g纯度为92.6％的茶多酚经过中压色谱,制备得到了90 mg EGC、355 mg EGCG、23 mgEC和92mg ECG,它们的纯度分别为91.8％、97.6％、97.7％、99.3％,纯品得率56.0％,四种单体总回收率达到68.2％.四种儿茶素单体的结构经核磁共振氢谱、碳谱以及高分辨质谱加以确证.     

4个杜鹃品种对不同pH值灌溉水的生理响应

以4种杜鹃品种为材料,研究了pH 4.5、5.5、6.5、7.5(CK)、8.5的灌溉水对其生长发育和生理指标的影响,以分析杜鹃品种在不同酸碱性灌溉水浇灌下的生长情况,为杜鹃花品种的广泛推广提供核心种质资源和栽培管理奠定理论基础.结果表明:(1)4个杜鹃品种的叶绿素含量、SOD、CAT活性和新梢生长率总体上随灌溉水pH值的增加表现为先升高后降低的趋势,相对电导率变化则相反.(2)在pH5.5处理下,‘德国粉鹃’、‘富哥尔一号’和‘绿色光辉,的叶绿素含量最高,‘德国粉鹃’、‘春之舞’和‘绿色光辉’的CAT活性最强,4个品种的SOD活性和新稍生长率最大,相对电导率最小;pH 4.5处理下‘春之舞’的叶绿素含量最高,‘富哥尔一号’的CAT活性最强;而pH8.5处理下,4种杜鹃的相对电导率最大,其余指标均最小.(3)pH 4.5～5.5的灌溉水能使起始pH值为5.0左右的基质保持在杜鹃生长的最佳酸碱度范围内(pH5.0左右).可见,西南地区采用pH 4.5～5.5的灌溉水栽培杜鹃均能生长良好,且‘绿色光辉'可耐受未经处理的pH7.5的灌溉水栽培,具有较好的推广和育种价值.     

Wnt antagonists bind through a short peptide to the first β-propeller domain of LRP5/6

The Wnt pathway inhibitors DKK1 and sclerostin (SOST) are important therapeutic targets in diseases involving bone loss or damage. It has been appreciated that Wnt coreceptors LRP5/6 are also important, as human missense mutations that result in bone overgrowth (bone mineral density, or BMD, mutations) cluster to the E1 propeller domain of LRP5. Here, we report a crystal structure of LRP6 E1 bound to an antibody, revealing that the E1 domain is a peptide recognition module. Remarkably, the consensus E1 binding sequence is a close match to a conserved tripeptide motif present in all Wnt inhibitors that bind LRP5/6. We show that this motif is important for DKK1 and SOST binding to LRP6 and for inhibitory function, providing a detailed structural explanation for the effect of the BMD mutations.     

西瓜无籽变异株果实发育期激素含量变化特征

以辐射变异西瓜自交分离系内果实有籽株‘406F’和无籽株‘406S’为试验材料,采用形态学观察及酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)对其果实发育过程以及果肉与种子内源激素动态变化进行比较研究。结果表明:(1)两类西瓜果实纵横径随生育期推进呈相似的‘慢-快-慢’的‘单S’增长曲线,而果实重量及种子的变化则不同。‘406S’果实重量增加速率较恒定,其种子授粉后15 d停止生长,纵横径及重量开始降低;‘406F’果实重量变化呈‘快-慢-快’的‘双S’曲线,种子大小和重量随发育进程增加迅速。(2)两类西瓜果实发育期果肉与种子内源激素水平及峰值的时间有差异。‘406S’子房赤霉素(GAs)和玉米素核苷(ZRs)含量在授粉后0~3 d较高,且授粉后3~15 d果肉生长素(IAA)含量也高于有籽果实;‘406F’果肉GAs与ZRs含量则在授粉后6~21 d较高,且GAs含量变化与果实纵横径发育曲线相吻合。‘406S’种子IAA、GAs、ZRs含量相对较低,只有脱落酸(ABA)含量随种子退化进程增幅较大;‘406F’种子4种激素含量相对较高,且随种子的发育变幅较大。研究认为,无籽果实与有籽果实发育机制不同,果肉4种激素水平的差异对果实形状影响不大,但对重量增长影响较大;种子内源激素含量与种子发育关系密切,但无籽西瓜种子内源激素含量对果实发育无明显作用。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Paracoccus oceanense</Emphasis> sp. nov., Isolated from the West Pacific

A Gram-negative, short ovoid- to coccus-shaped, aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming bacterium (designated strain JLT1679^T) was isolated from West Pacific. Cells have subpolar flagella, dividing by binary fission. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belongs to branch of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Paracoccus, family Rhodobacteraceae, order Rhodobacterales, class Alphaproteobacteria. The closest neighbours were Paracoccus stylophorae KTW-16^T (97.1% similarity), Paracoccus caeni strain MJ17^T (96.5% similarity), Paracoccus homiensis DD-R11^T (96.0% similarity) and Paracoccus alcaliphilus JCM 7364^T (95.8% similarity). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain JLT1679^T were summed feature 8 (18:1ω6c) (38.8%), C_18:0 (27.7%), C_16:0 (22.5%), and significant amounts of C_18:1 ω9c (5.1%), C_14:0 (3.8%) and C_18:1 ω7c 11-methyl (2.1%), were present. The predominant respiratory ubiquinone of strain JLT1679^T was Q-10 and the DNA G + C content of strain JLT1679^T was 59.5 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and sphingoglycolipid. The isolate was distinguishable from members of the genus Paracoccus on the basis of phenotypic and biochemical characteristics. It is evident from the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data that strain JLT1679^T represents a novel species of the genus Paracoccus, for which the name Paracoccus oceanense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JLT1679^T (= JCM 17768^T = CGMCC 1.10831^T).     

Marker-Aided Selection of Polyploid Poplars

Polyploid breeding is an important means for creating elite varieties for the development of poplar plantations. However, polyploid poplars are rare in natural stands. In this study, we established an analytical toolkit to perform marker-aided selection of polyploid poplars. This toolkit contains 12 SSR primer pairs with sites located in the exonic DNA regions and resulting amplified microsatellites in the intronic/intergenic regions. Highly conserved primer pairs were selected by testing in eight species from four poplar sections. The amplified loci’s variability was examined using trees from a germplasm collection of Populus deltoides. Subsequently, copy numbers amplified by the highly variable primers were experimentally determined using progeny of a full-sib diploid pedigree. Based on the above tests, a subset of primers were finally selected and used for marker-aided selection of polyploid poplars from a set of natural Populus tomentosa stands. The reliability of the established analytical toolkit was further verified using a flow cytometer. We established a fast and reliable technique to screen polyploid poplars from natural stands.     

浅议小麦赤霉病抗性类型与鉴定方法的对应性

由镰孢菌引起的赤霉病是小麦的重要病害,其抗性比较复杂。准确可靠的鉴定和评价方法是抗性改良成功的前提。评述了小麦赤霉病抗性类型及其不同赤霉病抗性鉴定和评价方法的优缺点,重点讨论了抗性类型与抗性鉴定方法的对应性。希望对赤霉病表型鉴定、不同抗性类型的理解和评价以及抗性改良有借鉴意义。