内生真菌Colletotrichum sp. B501的寡糖提取物对黄花蒿发根中青蒿素生物合成的诱导

在黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)发根液体培养中,黄花蒿内生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum sp. B501)细胞壁寡糖提取物可促进发根青蒿素的合成.经寡糖诱导子(20 mg/L)处理4 d后,发根青蒿素含量达1.15 mg/g, 比对照高出64.29%.诱导作用与诱导子浓度、作用时间相关.诱导处理1 d后,X射线能谱分析表明黄花蒿发根细胞中Ca2+积累量显著增高,电镜观察发现液泡内出现高电子致密物,具活性氧清除作用的过氧化物酶表现出高活性(6.5 unit*min-1*g-1 FW).诱导处理第三天,细胞核DNA呈梯度条带降解,部分细胞出现程序化死亡.内生菌细胞壁寡糖提取物引起的生理反应有利于细胞中青蒿素的生物合成.     

甘露糖正向筛选体系在巨尾桉遗传转化中的应用

为了研究甘露糖正向筛选体系在巨尾桉遗传转化过程中的有效性,构建了以6-磷酸甘露糖异构酶（6-phosphomannose isomerase,PMI）为筛选标记的pCAMBIA1301植物表达载体,并将该载体通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化转入木本植物巨尾桉中。将获得的阳性植株通过氯酚红（chlorophenol red,CPR）法及PCR检测,桉树遗传转化的阳性率达到26.09%。另外,通过正交试验优化法,对巨尾桉组培快繁体系建立过程中不同浓度激素配比进行了研究,建立起良好的巨尾桉组织培养再生体系,由甘露糖筛选敏感性测试,获得了巨尾桉筛选临界浓度,蔗糖与甘露糖比例为19∶11,优化了巨尾桉遗传转化体系,为今后巨尾桉组织培养与遗传转化研究提供了重要的参考依据。     

发酵法生产多不饱和脂肪酸

简要介绍微生物产多不饱和脂肪酸的生化研究现状,着重从高产菌株的筛选、工程菌株的构建、发酵条件及产业化现状等方面论述微生物发酵生产多不饱和脂肪酸的主要研究进展;概述多不饱和脂肪酸的提取制备技术,并对发酵法生产多不饱和脂肪酸研究目标和发展前景提出了建议.     

神经退化性疾病生物能量代谢和氧化应激研究进展

衰老是导致几种常见的神经系统退化性疾病的主要危险因素,包括帕金森氏病（Ｐａｒｋｉｎｓｏｎ’ｓ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ ＰＤ）,肌萎缩性侧索硬化（Ａｍｙｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃ ｌａｔｅｒａｌ ｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ,ＡＬＳ）,早老性痴呆（Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ’ｓ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ ＡＤ）和亨廷顿氏病（Ｈｕｎｔｉｎｇｔｏｎ’ｓ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ ＨＤ）。最近研究表明,神经退化性疾病涉及到线粒体缺陷,氧化应激等因素。在脑和其它组织中,老化可导致线粒体功能的损伤和氧化损伤的增强。ＰＤ病人中,已发现线粒体复合酶体Ⅰ活性降低,氧化损伤增加和抗氧化系统活性的改变。在几例家族性ＡＬＳ病人中,也发现Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ超氧化物歧化酶（Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ ＳＯＤ）基因的突变,导致Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ超氧化物歧化酶活性减低;散发的ＡＬＳ病人氧化损伤增高。在ＨＤ病人中已发现能量代谢异常     

利用黑曲霉固态发酵啤酒糟生产饲料复合酶的研究

以啤酒糟为主要基质,利用黑曲霉固态发酵生产酸性蛋白酶、木聚糖酶和纤维素酶等多种饲料复合酶,研究了黑曲霉固态发酵培养基组成对复合酶酶活的影响,确定最优培养基配方为:啤酒糟75%,麸皮25%,硫酸铵1%,KH_2PO_4 0.2%,MnSO_4 0.1%、ZnSO_4 0.2%,料水比1:2。在适宜的发酵条件下,经30℃发酵5 d,烘干后得到的复合酶制剂中,具有多种酶活性(以干基计)。其中酸性蛋白酶活力3 800 U/g,木聚糖酶活力12 00 U/g和纤维素酶活力18 U/g。     

基于生态系统服务供需平衡的宁夏固原生态修复分区与优化策略

科学开展生态修复分区是落实差异化修复策略和促进区域提质建设的重要前提。本研究以宁夏固原市为例,基于多源数据,运用InVEST模型、耦合协调度模型、空间自相关等方法,以乡镇为尺度单元量化区域生态系统服务供给量和需求量,构建供需匹配与协调关系,划定生态修复分区,并根据分区内部自然资源和社会经济发展特征提出相应优化策略。结果表明: 固原市产水、固碳、土壤保持和生境质量4种服务供给较高的地区主要位于南部乡镇,人口密度、经济发展水平较高且对生态系统服务需求较大的地区主要位于中心城区和各县城政府驻地所在乡镇。各乡镇生态系统服务供需匹配关系以低供给-高需求和高供给-低需求的空间错配型为主导,且平均协调度指数为0.5,表现为供需关系基本协调。结合生态系统服务供需关系和区域自然地理格局,将固原市划分为生态重点修复区、生态潜在修复区、生态经济重整改造区、特色农业发展区、生态核心保护区和生态产业提质建设区6类,同时提出差异化生态修复路径,为针对性开展生态修复实践提供科学支撑。     

Transgeni根癌农杆菌介导的小麦转基因植株再生(英文)

根癌农杆菌菌株Ａｇｌ Ⅰ的Ｔｉ 质粒ｐＵＮＮ－２ 带有Ｕｂｉ１ 启动子驱动的ｎｐｔ Ⅱ基因。７ 种基因型小麦幼胚或胚性愈伤组织用于农杆菌介导的转化实验。经过不同浓度巴龙霉素的筛选,３ 种基因型小麦产生抗性愈伤组织并再生植株。再生植株经ＰＣＲ 和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交鉴定为转基因植株,转化频率（ 再生转基因植株的小麦愈伤组织数／ 用于转化实验的愈伤组织数） 为３．７％ ～５ ．９％ 。小麦基因型及转化材料的起始生理状态是影响ＴＤＮＡ转移的重要因素。     

Gene expression profile in immunologically injured liver cell of mice

To study the gene expression profiles between immunologically injured liver cell and normal liver cell of mice and to screen on a large scale the differentially expressed genes associated with the formation of liver injury, the experimental mice were randomly divided into the normal group for controlling and the immunologically liver-injured group induced by BCG and LPS. The liver mRNA of the two groups were extracted respectively and reversely-transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of different fluorescence (Cy3, Cy5) labeled dUTP as the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray chips. The fluorescent signal results were acquired by scanner ScanArray 4000 and analyzed with software GenePix Pro 3.0. Among the 14112 target genes, 293 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed, in which 188 genes were up-regulated and 105 genes were down-regulated. Based on the analysis of biological functions of those differentially expressed genes, it was indicated that the occurrence and development of mouse liver damage induced by BCG and LPS were highly correlated with the processes of immune reactions, cell synthesis, metabolism, apoptosis and transportation in liver cell, which might be quite important for elucidating the regulatory network of gene expression associated with the liver damage, also important for finally discovering the pathogenic mechanisms of immunological liver damage.     

Floral organogenesis of Delavaya toxocarpa (Sapindaceae; Sapindales)

The floral organogenesis and development of Delavaya toxocarpa Franch. (Sapindaceae) were studied under scanning electron microscope and light microscope to determine its systematic position within Sapindaceae. Flowers arise in terminal thyrses. The sepal primordia initiate in a spiral (2/5) sequence, which are not synchronous. The five petal primordia initiate almost synchronously and alternate with sepal primordia. Eight stamens initiate almost simultaneously and their differentiation precedes that of the petals. The last formed petal and one stamen initiate from a common primordium. Mature stamens curve inwards and cover the ovary in bud. The gynoecium begins as a hemispheric primordium on which two carpellary lobes arise simultaneously. Later in development a single gynocium is formed with two locules and two ovules per locule. Floral morphology suggests a closer affinity with Sapindaceae, although certain features of floral ontogenesis are similar to those observed in certain members of the former Hippocastanaceae, such as Handeliodendron.     

缺氧诱导因子1和红细胞生成素3‘—增强子调节内皮细胞？…

目的和方法：将红细胞生成素（ＥＰＯ）３＇－增强子野生片断及点突变片断借脂质体主人脐静脉内皮细胞株ＥＣＶ－３０４,用半定量ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ测定正常秘缺氧诱导因子－１（ＨＩＦ－１）诱导剂氧化钴（ＣｏＣｌ２）作用下培养６ｈ的细胞环氧合酶２（ＣＯＸ－２）和血栓素合酶（ＴＸＳ）的ｍＲＮＡ。结果：ＨＩＦ－１诱导剂ＣｏＣｌ２可放ＣＯＸ－２和ＴＸＳ基因转明显增强２,向细胞导入野生ＥＰＯ３＇增强子片断可阻断ＣｏＣｌ２诱