A New Species of Gigantochloa Kurz ex Munro (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from Yunnan Province,China

A new species of Gigantochloa Kurz ex Munro, Gigantochloa callosa NH. Xia, Y. Zeng & RS. Lin was described and illustrated. It is differed from Gparvifolia (Brandis ex Gamble) TQ. Nguyen by its smaller size; culm sheath proper covered with both dark brown and silvery appressed hairs abaxially; ligules 2-3mm tall, entire; leaf ligules 2-3mm tall, entire; one side of the apex of leaf sheath developed into a 2-3mm long, thin, scale like callus.     

UGPase和反义4CL基因对转基因烟草纤维素和木质素合成的调控

用根癌农杆菌介导法将源于紫穗槐的尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（UGPase）基因、反义4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶（4CL）基因以及两者的双价基因分别转移至烟草中。PCR和Southern杂交检测证实外源基因已整合到转基因烟草基因组中。测定全纤维素和Klason木质素含量的结果显示,增强UGPase基因的表达可提高转基因植株的纤维素含量,但对木质素含量没有影响;抑制4CL基因的表达可显著降低转基因植株的木质素含量,但对纤维素含量没有影响;转移双价基因的转基因植株中纤维素含量增加而木质素含量降低。     

Cook双球囊联合改良B-Lynch缝合术对产后出血的治疗效果观察

目的:探讨Cook双球囊联合改良B-Lynch缝合术对产后出血的治疗效果。方法:选取2015年6月～2018年6月在我院经剖宫产术分娩并发生产后出血的产妇81例进行回顾性分析。根据术中止血方法的不同分为两组,对照组40例采用Cook双球囊进行止血,观察组41例在对照组的基础上应用改良B-Lynch缝合术进行止血。对两组患者的手术相关指标、止血成功率、子宫切除率、术后恢复情况和并发症发生情况进行比较。结果:观察组的术中出血量、术后24 h出血量和输血量显著低于对照组(P0.05),止血时间显著短于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者的止血成功率显著高于对照组(P0.05),子宫切除率和切口恢复时间显著低于对照组(P0.05),两组患者的住院时间和并发症发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:Cook双球囊联合改良B-Lynch缝合术对剖宫产产后出血患者的临床效果显著优于单用Cook双球囊,且安全性较高。     

Responses to ocean acidification and diurnal temperature variation in a commercially farmed seaweed,Pyropia haitanensis (Rhodophyta)

To investigate carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Pyropia haitanensis in response to the combined conditions of ocean acidification and diurnal temperature variation, maricultured thalli were tested in acidified culture under different temperature treatments. The results showed a combined effect of ocean acidification and diurnal temperature difference on the C and N metabolism and growth of P. haitanensis. In acidifed culture, algal growth, maximum photosynthetic rate, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, amino acid (AA) content and AA score (AAS) were more significantly enhanced in seaweed under diurnal temperature variation than in seaweed at constant temperature. In acidified seawater, soluble carbohydrates in P. haitanensis increased due to greater dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), whereas soluble proteins decreased. Under the diurnal temperature treatment, higher temperature during the light period enhanced accumulation of algal photosynthates, whereas lower temperature in the dark period reduced energy consumption, resulting in enhanced algal growth, AA content and AAS. We concluded that suitable diurnal temperature difference would be conducive to C fixation and N assimilation under ocean acidification. However, excessively high temperatures would depress algal photosynthesis and increase energy consumption, thereby exerting a negative effect on algal growth.     

陕北榆林王阳畔遗址的植硅体分析

榆林地处农牧交错带,是研究环境演变和人地关系的理想地区。本文基于植硅体分析,探讨了该地区王阳畔遗址仰韶晚期至龙山早期过渡阶段的农业生产情况及农业对环境的适应等。遗址剖面及灰坑样品的植硅体分析表明:仰韶晚期,粟和黍是先民的主要粮食作物,而黍较粟始终保持着种植优势;龙山早期,粟作农业逐渐衰落。植硅体组合图谱显示,先民在此遗址活动期间,气候是略偏凉偏干的,整体上较为稳定,呈现出干凉化的趋势。综合来看,农业活动的强弱在一定程度上响应了环境的变化。需要指出的是,该遗址榆科植硅体的大量发现,不仅补充了史前植物利用史,同时也对丰富植硅体数据库具有重要意义。     

铜绿假单胞菌体外对肠上皮细胞骨架的影响

为探索铜绿假单胞菌粘附肠上皮细胞后,细胞骨架特性的变化规律及可能的机制。采用微管吸吮实验技术并结合细胞ELISA、图像分析等方法研究体外绿脓杆菌粘附肠上皮细胞后细胞骨架的变化。结果显示细菌粘附后1h肠上皮细胞活力即开始下降,3h后IEC面积明显减小,而细胞周长无明显变化;胞内骨架蛋白减少,且随孵育时间的延长愈趋明显;细胞弹性系数K1、K2在粘附后3h明显降低,同时伴有粘性系数μ也明显下降。以上结果表明绿脓杆菌粘附肠上皮细胞后,细胞骨架成分改变,细胞骨架功能受损害,最终导致细胞损伤。     

上海郊区人群的体质特征和遗传关系

本项研究收集了上海郊区的 13个具有明显方言差异的人群的各类人类遗传学数据 5 3项进行聚类分析 ,发现黄浦江以东的人群相对较纯 ,而黄浦江以西的则较混杂 ,两组群体都分别可以聚成较远的 3类。由此认为上海郊区的人群大致有 3种起源 ,上海奉贤区金汇镇和闵行区马桥镇为代表的居民与南方土著民族较近 ,崇明县、嘉定区、浦东新区和南汇区的居民与北方民族较近 ,而奉贤区的头桥镇、金山区、青浦区的朱家角和商榻、松江区天马山等地的居民又是另一类。这与历史记载他们的不同来源有关。     

小鞘指环虫种群的聚集性研究

本文中建立了一个衡量聚集性的指标－聚集度Ａ,并用该指标结合方差／均数和负二项分布的参数ｋ值分析了小鞘指环虫（Ｄａｃｔｙｌｏｇｙｒｕｓｖａｇｉｎｕｌａｔｕｓ）种群在其宿主鲢（Ｈｙｐｏｐｈｔｈａｌｍｉｃｈｔｈｙｓｍｏｌｉｔｒｉｘ）种群中分布的聚集程度与感染率和丰度的关系。结果表明该虫种群的聚集程度随感染率及丰度的上升而呈现下降的特点,作为衡量聚集性的指标,聚集度要优于ｋ值,而后者又优于方差与均数之比,     

Foliar modifications induced by inhibition of polar transport of auxin

The effects of auxin polar transport inhibitors,9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid (HFCA);2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA) and trans-cinnamic acid (CA) on leaf pattern formation were investigated with shoots formed from cultured leaf explants of tobacco and cultured pedicel explants of Orychophragmus violaceus,and the seedlings of tobacco and Brassica chinensis,Although the effective concentration varies with the inhibitors used,all of the inhibitors induced the formation of trumpet-shaped and/or fused leaves.The frequency of trumpet-shaped leaf formation was related to the concentration of inhibitors in the medium.Histological observation of tobacco seedlings showed that there was only one main vascular bundle and several minor vascular bundles in normal leaves of the control,but there were several vascular bundles of more or less the same size in the trumpet-shaped leaves of treated ones.These results indicated that auxin polar transport played an important role on bilateral symmetry of leaf growth.