Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine and 5-hydroxydopamine onlthe teleost melanophores innervation

Intraperitoneal injections of 6-OH-dopamine (80 mg kg^−l) promote, in toad fish, killifish, lsummer and winter flounders, a darkening of their colour and loss of capacity to adapt tolthe colour of the background. This condition persisted for three weeks after which thelanimals gradually returned to normal. The study of the skin of 6-hydroxydopamineltreated killifish showed degenerative lesions in the fine nerves and synapses of its melanophores, 124 h after the administration of the drug. These lesions progressed and 4 days later, lno synaptic structures could be detected in these cells. This condition persisted up to thel20th day. These results suggest that melanophores have a single monoaminergic innervaion.     

Intermittent illumination increases biophotolytic hydrogen yield by Anabaena cylindrica.

Intermittent illumination increased H2 and C2H4 yields per unit of light from growing cells and from nitrogren-starved cells by 1.7- and 1.35-fold, respectively, as compared with continuous illumination.     

Interactions of Abscisic Acid, Cytokinin and Gibberellin in the Control of Betacyanin Synthesis in Seedlings of Amaranthus caudatus

In de-rooted seedlings of Amaranthus caudatus L., betacyanin synthesis induced by white light or cytokinin was inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA) or a mixture of gibberellins A₄ and A₇ (GA_4/7). The GA_4/7 and ABA effects were additive. Thus ABA inhibited the cytokinin action but had no effect on the gibberellin response.     

The anaerobic decomposition of benzoic acid during methane fermentation

Anaerobic rupture of the benzoic acid ring was investigated. Carbon 4 was converted primarily to carbon dioxide. Following ring rupture during methane fermentation, propanoic acid is an intermediate, and carbon 4 of benzoate becomes its carboxyl.Contribution No. 1285-j, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. This work was supported in part by funds from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. Paper II of this series is Fina and Fiskin (1960)     

Heterologous transformation in Bacillus subtilis. 1. Transmission of DNA of the R1drd19 plasmid]

Bac. subtilis 168 (BD-25) cells were infected with DNA of plasmide R1drd19 isolated from E. coli strain; transformants resistant to streptomycin (500 microgram/ml) and kanamycin (40 microgram/ml) appeared with the frequency of 2.10(-6). These transformants retained resistance to the mentioned antibiotics stably. A satellite DNA peak was revealed in centrifugation in the density gradient of cesium chloride with ethidium bromide. It was possible to infect cells of Bac. subtilis 168 (BD-25) with plasmide DNA isolated from the transformants. Plasmide transduction with the aid of phages AR9 and PBSI multiplied on the transformant strains was also effected. Physico-chemical analysis of the transformed plasmide DNA was conducted; its molecular weight was determined.     

Effect of vitamin B6 on gamma-aminobutyric acid level in rat brain.

Vitamin B6 injected intraperitoneally into rats 400 mg/kg body weight, has produced a statistically significant decrease in GABA level concentrations in hippocampus and cerebellum. Cerebral cortex, caudate nucleus and thalamus have shown the decrease in GABA concentrations, but these changes were not statistically significant. No remarkable behavioural changes were noted under such circumstances. The possible functional meaning of these results is discussed in relation to the role of GABA distribution in different brain regions and development of convulsions.     

Effect of limited knee-flexion range on peak hip moments of force while transferring from sitting to standing

The hypothesis that limiting the knee-flexion range increases the peak hip-extension moment while transferring from sitting to standing was tested by filming (100 fps) ten normal human volunteers. With the knees flexed 105 degrees from full extension (0 degrees) the mean (+/- 1 S.D.) peak hip-extension moment was 142 (+/- 37) Nm. With the knees flexed only 75 degrees subjects threw their arms and trunks forward to a greater extent, with a peak moment of 253 (+/- 65) Nm (p less than 0.0001). If the peak moments rise to a similar degree in patients with arthritis and limited knee-flexion range, they may accelerate hip joint damage or the loosening of hip endoprostheses.