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81.
Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication was studied in Escherichia coli hosts carrying temperature-sensitive (ts) initiation mutations. The replication of the R plasmid NR1 continues at the nonpermissive temperature in a ts dnaA mutant host but at a decreasing rate in proportion to the residual chromosome synthesis. The replication of NR1, as well as of the F plasmid F′lac, ceases immediately at the nonpermissive temperature in a ts dnaC mutant host. The ability to reinitiate R plasmid replication in the absence of protein or ribonucleic acid synthesis is accumulated at the nonpermissive temperature in a dnaC mutant host. 相似文献
82.
J Schwartz J Wiesen B Carlson L Yamasaki M Moore M Womble 《Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology》1986,64(2):199-205
Skeletal muscle regenerates following grafting, but little is known about protein synthesis and its regulation during regeneration. We determined the sequence of changes in protein synthesis in rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle by the measurement of phenylalanine (Phe) incorporation into muscle protein at various times after grafting. Compared with control EDL, Phe incorporation in grafts doubled in 1 day, was four- to eight-fold greater from days 2 to 10 after grafting, and then subsided. Tissue mass (wet weight) increased rapidly from days 7 to 20 in EDL grafts. The maximal increase in protein synthesis occurred 7-10 days after grafting, whether or not the nerve was left intact. Autoradiography indicated that incorporated radioactivity was associated with regenerating muscle fibers on day 10. Deficiencies of insulin, pituitary or testicular hormones, or chronic in vivo administration of insulin, growth hormone, testosterone, or tri-iodothyronine did not substantially alter the elevation in incorporation of the Phe into muscle protein 10 days after grafting. The breakdown of EDL protein, measured in vitro simultaneously with protein synthesis, was increased five-fold, and overall protein degradation was elevated six-fold 10 days after grafting. These findings indicate that Phe incorporation is rapidly elevated following grafting of the EDL, and that by days 7-10 reflects synthesis in regenerating muscle fibers. The increase in protein synthesis associated with muscle regeneration at this time appears to be independent of innervation and anabolic hormones. 相似文献
83.
van Hoek AH; van Alen TA; Sprakel VS; Hackstein JH; Vogels GD 《Molecular biology and evolution》1998,15(9):1195-1206
The 18S and 5.8S rDNA genes and the internal transcribed spacers ITS-1 and
ITS-2 of ciliates living in the hindgut of frogs, millipedes, and
cockroaches were analyzed in order to study the evolution of intestinal
protists. All ciliates studied here belong to the genus Nycrotherus.
Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these ciliates from a monophyletic
group that includes the distantly related anaerobic free-living
heterotrichous ciliates Metopus palaeformis and Metopus contortus. The
intestinal ciliates from the different vertebrate and invertebrate hosts
are clearly divergent at the level of their rDNA repeats. This argues for
the antiquity of the associations and a predominantly vertical
transmission. This mode of transmission seems to be controlled primarily by
the behavior of the host. The different degrees of divergence between
ciliates living in different strains of one and the same cockroach species
most likely reflect the different geographical origins of the hosts. In
addition, host switches must have occurred during the evolution of
cockroaches, since identical ciliates were found only in distantly related
hosts. These phenomena prevent the reconstruction of potential cospeciation
events.
相似文献
84.
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86.
Adrenal medulla denervation prevents stress-induced epinephrine plasma elevation and cardiac hypertrophy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J R Womble D F Larson J G Copeland B R Brown M K Haddox D H Russell 《Life sciences》1980,27(24):2417-2420
Circulating catecholamines have been proposed as trophic agents for the heart. Denervation of the adrenal medullae, the major source of plasma epinephrine, totally blocked left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic coarctation in the dog. The level of epinephrine after adrenal medullary cholinergic denervation dropped to a mean of 10 pg/ml within 48 hours compared to 317 pg/ml in coarcted dogs with intact adrenal innervation, and 116 pg/ml in sham-coarcted controls. Decreased epinephrine levels were concomitant with a decrease in the heart weight to body weight ratios. These data implicate epinephrine as the specific hormone regulating cardiac hypertrophy. 相似文献
87.
88.
Effects of chloramphenicol and rifampicin on the replication of R plasmid NR1 deoxyribonucleic acid in Escherichia coli. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The effects of inhibition of protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis on the replication of the plasmids NR1 and F′lac in Escherichia coli were studied. When protein synthesis is inhibited, there is approximately a 25% increase in R plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), but this newly synthesized DNA is not recoverable in the covalently closed circular (CCC) form until protein synthesis is allowed to resume. When RNA synthesis is inhibited, there is also approximately a 20% increase in R plasmid DNA, but this DNA is immediately recoverable in the CCC form. F′lac DNA, unlike R plasmid DNA, can continue to replicate for at least a generation time in the absence of protein synthesis, and this F′lac DNA is immediately recoverable in the CCC form. 相似文献
89.
Properties of the relaxation complex of supercoiled deoxyribonucleic acid and protein of R plasmid NR1 in Escherichia coli.
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Some properties of the supercoiled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-protein relaxation complex of the R plasmid NR1, which contains more than one origin for DNA replication, were examined. The percentage of complexed NR1 molecules that can be converted to the relaxed (nicked) form appeared to be unaffected by the conditions under which the host cells were cultured. However, the percentage of supercoiled NR1 DNA that can be relaxed was highly dependent on the method used to prepare the DNA and the agents used to induce relaxation. Our data suggest that 100% of NR1 molecules may exist in situ as DNA-protein relaxation complexes. An RTF-Tc segregant of NR1, which has deleted the r-determinants component of the NR1 and therefore does not contain the two origins of replication located in the r-determinants, has indistinguishable relaxation properties in comparison with NR1 itself. 相似文献
90.