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81.
Smirnova I Poltorak A Chan EK McBride C Beutler B 《Genome biology》2000,1(1):research002.1-research00210
Background
Differences in responses to bacterial surface lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are apparent between and within mammalian species. It has been shown in mice that resistance to LPS is caused by defects in the Toll-like receptor 4 gene (Tlr4), the product of which is thought to bind LPS and mediate LPS signal transduction in immune system cells. 相似文献82.
Sun-Mi Park Hyunwoo Cho Angela M. Thornton Trevor S. Barlowe Timothy Chou Sagar Chhangawala Lauren Fairchild James Taggart Arthur Chow Alexandria Schurer Antoine Gruet Matthew D. Witkin Jun Hyun Kim Ethan M. Shevach Andrei Krivtsov Scott A. Armstrong Christina Leslie Michael G. Kharas 《Cell Stem Cell》2019,24(1):153-165.e7
83.
Lukas Rüber Maurice Kottelat Heok Hui Tan Peter KL Ng Ralf Britz 《BMC evolutionary biology》2007,7(1):38
Background
Paedocypris, a highly developmentally truncated fish from peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia, comprises the world's smallest vertebrate. Although clearly a cyprinid fish, a hypothesis about its phylogenetic position among the subfamilies of this largest teleost family, with over 2400 species, does not exist. Here we present a phylogenetic analyses of 227 cypriniform taxa, including 213 cyprinids, based upon complete mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b nucleotide sequences in order to determine the phylogenetic position of Paedocypris and to study the evolution of miniaturization among cyprinids. 相似文献84.
The anticonvulsants diazepam (1-10 mg/kg) and phenobarbital (30-100 mg/kg) protected against lethality without altering clonic convulsions induced by 75 mg/kg cocaine (CD100) in male Swiss Webster mice. In contrast, the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, MK-801 (dizocilpine) and phencyclidine, produced dose-dependent protection against cocaine convulsions. The competitive NMDA antagonists, CPP and NPC 12626, were also anti-convulsant, without producing the behavioral disturbances associated with non-competitive antagonists. Diazepam and phenobarbital protected against convulsions induced by 60 mg/kg cocaine (90% convulsions alone). Compounds that act at the strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor of the NMDA receptor complex, ACPC and 7-chlorokynurinic acid, also protected against convulsions induced by 60 mg/kg cocaine. In contrast, the non-opioid antitussive anticonvulsants (dextromethorphan, caramiphen, and carbetapentane) were not active against either dose of cocaine. The efficacy of compounds as antagonists of the convulsant effects of cocaine and NMDA appear related. These results suggest a potential role for the NMDA receptor complex in the convulsant actions of cocaine and new molecular targets for drug discovery in treating cocaine toxicity. 相似文献
85.
86.
Novel SOS phenotypes caused by second-site mutations in the recA430 gene of Escherichia coli 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E coli recA430 mutants are recombination-proficient, extremely UV sensitive, UV nonmutable and partially deficient in RecA-mediated proteolysis and in RecA-dependent 'induced replisome reactivation' (IRR), the ability to recover DNA replication activity after UV irradiation. To determine how this pleiotropic phenotype can be altered by mutation, we isolated 10 independent derivatives of a recA430 strain, selecting for increased UV resistance. Eight of the 10 owed their resistance to altered recA alleles. We here describe the phenotypes conferred by two of the new recA alleles (recA720 and recA727), each of which contains the original recA430 mutation (G662 to A) and a second-site transition: T167 to C in recA720, and G103 to A in recA727. The second-site change in recA720 suppresses all the defects caused by recA430, and causes RecA720 to exhibit greater activity than RecA+ in some respects. Some, but not all, of the recA430 defects are partially corrected by the second-site mutation in recA727. 相似文献
87.
Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical analysis of antibodies directed against GnRH and its precursor in hypothalamic neurons 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A J Silverman J W Witkin R P Millar 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》1990,38(6):803-813
A battery of antibodies directed against different portions of the precursor to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), as well as to the mature decapeptide, were characterized immunocytochemically in two ways. Absorption experiments were used to determine the epitope recognized by each antiserum. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry was then used to define the subcellular organelles that contained reaction product when tissue was incubated with these reagents. These latter observations helped to determine if the antibody recognized the epitope as part of the intact precursor or only after it had been cleaved from parent protein. Our results demonstrate that the GnRH precursor is routed from the rough endoplasmic reticulum through the Golgi apparatus to the secretory vesicles. Furthermore, we show that initial cleavage and processing of the GnRH precursor begin in the cell soma. These antibodies should be useful in the future in determining changes in processing of precursor in animals that differ in endocrine function. 相似文献
88.
Ceribelli A Krzyszczak ME Li Y Ross SJ Chan JY Chan EK Burlingame RW Webb TT Bubb MR Sobel ES Reeves WH Satoh M 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(4):R119-7
Introduction
Anti-RNA polymerase III (RNAP III) antibodies are highly specific markers of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc) and associated with a rapidly progressing subset of SSc. The clinical presentation of anti-RNAP III positive patients, onset of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and SSc in unselected patients in a rheumatology clinic were evaluated.Methods
Autoantibodies in sera from 1,966 unselected patients (including 434 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 119 SSc, 85 polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM)) in a rheumatology clinic were screened by radioimmunoprecipitation. Anti-RNAP III positive sera were also tested by immunofluorescence antinuclear antibodies and anti-RNAP III ELISA. Medical records of anti-RNAP III positive patients were reviewed.Results
Among 21 anti-RNAP III positive patients, 16 met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SSc criteria at the initial visit but 5 did not; diagnoses were vasculitis, early polyarthritis, renal failure with RP, interstitial lung disease, and Sjögren's syndrome. The first two patients developed rapidly progressive diffuse SSc. An additional case presented with diffuse scleroderma without RP and RP developed two years later. Anti-RNAP III antibodies in these 6 cases of atypical clinical presentation were compared with those in 15 cases of typical (SSc with RP) cases. Anti-RNAP III levels by ELISA were lower in the former group (P = 0.04 by Mann-Whitney test) and 3 of 6 were negative versus only 1 of 15 negative in the latter (P < 0.05 by Fisher's exact test). Three cases of non-SSc anti-RNAP III positive patients had predominant reactivity with RNAP I with weak RNAP III reactivity and had a strong nucleolar staining. Three anti-RNAP III patients, who did not have RP at the initial visit, developed RP months later. Scleroderma developed prior to RP in 5 out of 16 (31%) in the anti-RNAP III group, but this was rare in patients with other autoantibodies. The interval between the onset of RP to scleroderma was short in anti-RNAP III positive patients.Conclusions
Anti-RNAP III antibodies are highly specific for SSc; however, a subset of anti-RNAP III positive patients do not present as typical SSc. The interval between RP and scleroderma in this group is short, and 31% of patients developed scleroderma prior to RP in this group. Anti-RNAP III positive patients may not present as typical SSc and detecting anti-RNAP III may have predictive value. 相似文献89.