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Background
The tolerability and efficacy of single dose albendazole (400 mg), diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) (6 mg/kg bodyweight) or co-administration of albendazole (400 mg) + DEC (6 mg/kg bodyweight) was studied in 54 asymptomatic Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemic volunteers in a double blind hospital-based clinical study. 相似文献23.
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The histone demethylase, lysine (K)-specific demethylase 2A (Kdm2a), is highly conserved and expressed ubiquitously. Kdm2a can regulate cell proliferation and osteo/dentinogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental tissue. We used quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry to detect Kdm2a expression during development of the murine molar at embryonic days E12, E14, E16 and E17 and postnatal days P3 and P14. Immunohistochemistry results showed no positive staining of Kdm2a at E12. At E14, Kdm2a was expressed weakly in the inner enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum cells and dental sac. At E16, Kdm2a was expressed mainly in the inner and outer enamel epithelium, stratum intermedium and dental sac, but weaker staining was found in cervical loop and dental papilla cells adjacent to the basement membrane. At E17, the strongest Kdm2a staining was detected in the ameloblasts and stronger Kdm2a staining also was detected in the stratum intermedium, outer enamel epithelium and dental papilla cells compared to the expression at E16. Postnatally, we found that Kdm2a was localized in secretory and mature ameloblasts and odontoblasts, and dentin was unstained. Real-time RT-PCR showed that Kdm2a mRNA levels in murine germ cells increased from E12 to E14 and from E14 to E16; no significant change occurred at E16, E17 or P3, then the levels decreased at P14 compared to P3. Kdm2a expression may be closely related to cell proliferation, to ameloblast and odontoblast differentiation and to the secretion of extracellular enamel and dentin during murine tooth development. 相似文献
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Hsiao-Fen Li Chia-Hsuan Huang Li-Shuang Ai Chin-Kai Chuang Steve SL Chen 《Journal of biomedical science》2009,16(1):89-18
Background
Envelope (E) glycoprotein E2 of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) mediates binding of the virus to target cell receptors. Nevertheless, the precise role of E1 in viral entry remains elusive. 相似文献26.
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Corn samples were collected in 1999 from three departments of Entre Réos province, Argentina, and were surveyed for mould
contamination and natural occurrence ofFusarium mycotoxins, ochratoxin A and aflatoxins.Fusarium verticillioides was the most prevalent fungal species recorded at all departments. Zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A were not
found in any samples. Only one of the 52 corn samples analysed was contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (17 μg/kg). Fumonisin B1 was found in 58 % of samples (range of positive samples: 47– 3,347 μg/kg), fumonisin B2 in 33.0 % (range of positive samples: 23–537 μg/kg) and fumonisin B3 in 25.0 % (range of positive samples: 24–287 μg/kg) of them. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of mycotoxins
in corn from Entre Ríos province, Argentina. Levels of fumonisins were lower than detected in other Argentinian provinces. 相似文献
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Despite the recent introduction of biological response modifiers and potent new small-molecule antirheumatic drugs, the efficacy of methotrexate is nearly unsurpassed in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. Although methotrexate was first introduced as an antiproliferative agent that inhibits the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines for the therapy of malignancies, it is now clear that many of the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate are mediated by adenosine. This nucleoside, acting at one or more of its receptors, is a potent endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator. In confirmation of this mechanism of action, recent studies in both animals and patients suggest that adenosine-receptor antagonists, among which is caffeine, reverse or prevent the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate. 相似文献
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Connolly DJ Patel K Withington S Cooke J 《The International journal of developmental biology》2000,44(1):129-140
In Xenopus and zebrafish certain bone morphognetic proteins (BMPs), and proteins that antagonise these by preventing their interaction with receptors, constitute a morphogen system in primary dorso-ventral patterning. This system may be directly involved in the parallel processes, within mesoderm and ectoderm, whereby the boundaries of the dorsal (paraxial) mesoderm and the neural plate are established. The bird blastoderm, amenable to grafting techniques and to direct exposure to specific proteins, has provided an opportunity to explore the phylogenetic conservation of such antagonistic system. We have grafted the gastrular organiser (node) into hosts, testing the effects of prior exposure of either grafted or host tissue to Follistatin (a known antagonist of TGFbeta superfamily ligands including BMP4) or to BMP4 protein. Strong, converse effects are seen from the two agents, the most consistent being on the sizes of new dorsalised areas (second neural plates) induced in host epiblast. Follistatin also enhances extension movements due to grafts, though without clear effect upon the rostro-caudal completeness of new patterns. Neural induction in chick epiblast by grafted mouse nodes are also more extensive, after their pre-incubation in Follistatin. Follistatin potentiates other, unknown but distinctive signals coming from the node, being unable to convert other non-inducing pieces of blastoderm into organisers on grafting. Pre-incubation of early blastoderms in BMP4 has such profound effects on normal dorsal axial development that host responsiveness of these blastoderms as hosts to node grafts is difficult to assess. Follistatin has no such overt effect on host development, but greatly enhances the competence of host epiblast to grafts of untreated nodes. Early chick BMP4 and BMP7 expressions are consistent with the proposed roles, though Follistatin is probably an experimental tool only in the present study. 相似文献