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排序方式: 共有142条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Rob Noorlag Pauline MW van Kempen Cathy B Moelans Rick de Jong Laura ER Blok Ronald Koole Wilko Grolman Paul J van Diest Robert JJ van Es Stefan M Willems 《Epigenetics》2014,9(9):1220-1227
Silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) by DNA promoter hypermethylation is an early event in carcinogenesis and a potential target for personalized cancer treatment. In head and neck cancer, little is known about the role of promoter hypermethylation in survival. Using methylation specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) we investigated the role of promoter hypermethylation of 24 well-described genes (some of which are classic TSGs), which are frequently methylated in different cancer types, in 166 HPV-negative early oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), and 51 HPV-negative early oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) in relation to clinicopathological features and survival. Early OSCC showed frequent promoter hypermethylation in RARB (31% of cases), CHFR (20%), CDH13 (13%), DAPK1 (12%), and APC (10%). More hypermethylation (≥ 2 genes) independently correlated with improved disease specific survival (hazard ratio 0.17, P = 0.014) in early OSCC and could therefore be used as prognostic biomarker. Early OPSCCs showed more hypermethylation of CDH13 (58%), TP73 (14%), and total hypermethylated genes. Hypermethylation of two or more genes has a significantly different effect on survival in OPSCC compared with OSCC, with a trend toward worse instead of better survival. This could have a biological explanation, which deserves further investigation and could possibly lead to more stratified treatment in the future. 相似文献
72.
Guoli Zhou Lissette S. Velasquez Dawn L. Geiser Jonathan J. Mayo Joy J. Winzerling 《Insect biochemistry and molecular biology》2009,39(3):234-244
Available evidence has shown that transferrins are involved in iron metabolism, immunity and development in eukaryotic organisms including insects. Here we characterize the gene and message expression profile of Aedes aegypti transferrin 2 (AaTf2) in response to iron, bacterial challenge and life stage. We show that AaTf2 shares a low similarity with A. aegypti transferrin 1 (AaTf1), but higher similarity with mammalian transferrins and avian ovotransferrin. Iron-binding pocket analysis indicates that AaTf2 has residue substitutions of Y188F, T120S, and R124S in the N lobe, and Y517N, H585N, T452S, and R456T in the C lobe, which could alter or reduce iron-binding activity. In vivo studies of message expression reveal that AaTf2 message is expressed at higher levels in larva and pupa, as well as adult female ovaries 72 h post blood meal (PBM) and support that AaTf2 could play a role in larval and pupal development and in late physiological events of the gonotrophic cycle. Bacterial challenge significantly increases AaTf1 expression in ovaries at 0 and 24 h PBM, but decreases AaTf2 expression in ovaries at 72 h PBM, suggesting that AaTf1 and AaTf2 play different roles in immunity of female adults during a gonotrophic cycle. 相似文献
73.
All animals require iron for survival. This requirement reflects the role of this mineral as a cofactor of numerous proteins. However, under physiological conditions, Fe(2+) oxidizes to Fe(3+) encouraging the formation of toxic free radicals. In mammals, the potential for oxidative damage from iron is minimized by binding iron to proteins. Mammalian iron metabolism is complex and numerous proteins are involved in iron absorption, transport, uptake and utilization. We have analyzed the Anopheles gambiae translated protein database for candidates that show identity to proteins involved in mammalian iron metabolism (Holt et al., 2002. The genome sequence of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Science 298, 129-149). Our results indicate that proteins involved in iron absorption and intracellular iron utilization are, for the most part, conserved in A. gambiae. In contrast, proteins involved in the pathways of iron export from the gut, transport in hemolymph and uptake at peripheral tissues in mosquitos differ from those for mammals. 相似文献
74.
Karl Rumbold Hugo JJ van Buijsen Karin M Overkamp Johan W van Groenestijn Peter J Punt J van der Mari?t Werf 《Microbial cell factories》2009,8(1):64
Background
Increasingly lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates are used as the feedstock for industrial fermentations. These biomass hydrolysates are complex mixtures of different fermentable sugars, but also inhibitors and salts that affect the performance of the microbial production host. The performance of six industrially relevant microorganisms, i.e. two bacteria (Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum), two yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis) and two fungi (Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei) were compared for their (i) ability to utilize monosaccharides present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, (ii) resistance against inhibitors present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, (iii) their ability to utilize and grow on different feedstock hydrolysates (corn stover, wheat straw, sugar cane bagasse and willow wood). The feedstock hydrolysates were generated in two manners: (i) thermal pretreatment under mild acid conditions followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and (ii) a non-enzymatic method in which the lignocellulosic biomass is pretreated and hydrolyzed by concentrated sulfuric acid. Moreover, the ability of the selected hosts to utilize waste glycerol from the biodiesel industry was evaluated. 相似文献75.
Jacques M Mathieu John Schloendorn Bruce E Rittmann Pedro JJ Alvarez 《Microbial cell factories》2009,8(1):21-18
Catabolic insufficiency in humans leads to the gradual accumulation of a number of pathogenic compounds associated with age-related
diseases, including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and macular degeneration. Removal of these compounds is a widely
researched therapeutic option, but the use of antibodies and endogenous human enzymes has failed to produce effective treatments,
and may pose risks to cellular homeostasis. Another alternative is "medical bioremediation," the use of microbial enzymes
to augment missing catabolic functions. The microbial genetic diversity in most natural environments provides a resource that
can be mined for enzymes capable of degrading just about any energy-rich organic compound. This review discusses targets for
biodegradation, the identification of candidate microbial enzymes, and enzyme-delivery methods. 相似文献
76.
77.
Comparison of the evolutionary dynamics of symbiotic and housekeeping loci: a case for the genetic coherence of rhizobial lineages 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
In prokaryotes, lateral gene transfer across chromosomal lineages may be
mediated by plasmids, phages, transposable elements, and other accessory
DNA elements. However, the importance of such transfer and the evolutionary
forces that may restrict gene exchange remain largely unexplored in native
settings. In this study, tests of phylogenetic congruence are employed to
explore the range of horizontal transfer of symbiotic (sym) loci among
distinct chromosomal lineages of native rhizobia, the nitrogen-fixing
symbiont of legumes. Rhizobial strains isolated from nodules of several
host plant genera were sequenced at three loci: symbiotic nodulation genes
(nodB and nodC), the chromosomal housekeeping locus glutamine synthetase II
(GSII), and a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. Molecular phylogenetic analysis
shows that each locus generally subdivides strains into the same major
groups, which correspond to the genera Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, and
Mesorhizobium. This broad phylogenetic congruence indicates a lack of
lateral transfer across major chromosomal subdivisions, and it contrasts
with previous studies of agricultural populations showing broad transfer of
sym loci across divergent chromosomal lineages. A general correspondence of
the three rhizobial genera with major legume groups suggests that host
plant associations may be important in the differentiation of rhizobial nod
and chromosomal loci and may restrict lateral transfer among strains. The
second major result is a significant incongruence of nod and GSII
phylogenies within rhizobial subdivisions, which strongly suggests
horizontal transfer of nod genes among congenerics. This combined evidence
for lateral gene transfer within, but not between, genetic subdivisions
supports the view that rhizobial genera are "reproductively isolated" and
diverge independently. Differences across rhizobial genera in the
specificity of host associations imply that the evolutionary dynamics of
the symbiosis vary considerably across lineages in native settings.
相似文献
78.
79.
Interactions of Photobleaching and Inorganic Nutrients in Determining Bacterial Growth on Colored Dissolved Organic Carbon 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Abstract Bacteria are key organisms in the processing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in aquatic ecosystems. Their growth depends on both organic substrates and inorganic nutrients. The importance of allochthonous DOC, usually highly colored, as bacterial substrate can be modified by photobleaching. In this study, we examined how colored DOC (CDOC) photobleaching, and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) availability, affect bacterial growth. Five experiments were conducted, manipulating nutrients (P and N) and sunlight exposure. In almost every case, nutrient additions had a significant, positive effect on bacterial abundance, production, and growth efficiency. Sunlight exposure (CDOC photobleaching) had a significant, positive effect on bacterial abundance and growth efficiency. We also found a significant, positive interaction between these two factors. Thus, bacterial use of CDOC was accelerated under sunlight exposure and enhanced P and N concentrations. In addition, the accumulation of cells in sunlight treatments was dependent on nutrient availability. More photobleached substrate was converted into bacterial cells in P- and N-enriched treatments. These results suggest nutrient availability may affect the biologically-mediated fate (new biomass vs respiration) of CDOC. 相似文献