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151.
William E. Connolly 《Culture, medicine and psychiatry》1996,20(3):251-277
To suffer is to undergo, to bear, to endure. Suffering exists on the underside of agency; it is as important to ethics as agency. The experience of suffering is never entirely captured by the ethical, political, medical and spiritual categories in which it is represented. Perhaps an engagement with suffering can open up hidden connections between these domains. After examining John Caputo and Friedrich Nietzsche comparatively on the relation between suffering and ethics, this essay explores the relation of the politics of becoming to suffering. The politics of becoming is a paradoxical process by which a new cultural identity is drawn into being and yet is irreducible to the energies and motives that spurred its initiators to action. To exemplify and think the politics of becoming is to call into question the sufficiency of existing paradigms of morality. A critical examination of the Rawlsian model of justice brings out, for example, the insufficiency of justice to the politics of becoming. It suggests the need, first, to pursue an ethics of engagement between several parties drawing upon a variety of sources of ethical inspiration and, second, to cultivate ldcritical responsiveness to new social movements that struggle to place new identities onto the cultural register. If the latter movements sometimes modify general understandings of suffering, identity, justice and medical practice they also indicate the role cultural thinkers can play in re-examining periodically established codes of interaction between these domains.A paper presented, with commentaries, as the 1995 Roger Allan Moore Lecture at Harvard Medical School, Center for the Study of Culture and Medicine, May 11, 1995. 相似文献
152.
The Making of Exile Cultures: Iranian Television in Los Angeles. Hamid Naficy
Torture and Modernity: Self, Society and State in Modern Iran. Darius M. Rejali 相似文献
Torture and Modernity: Self, Society and State in Modern Iran. Darius M. Rejali 相似文献
153.
154.
155.
The fate of the anterior neural ridge was studied by following the relative movements of simultaneous spot applications of DiI and DiO from stage 15 through stage 45. These dye movements were mapped onto the neuroepithelium of the developing brain whose shape was gleaned from whole-mount in situs to neural cell adhesion molecule and dissections of the developing nervous system. The result is a model of the cell movements that drive the morphogenesis of the forebrain. The midanterior ridge moves inside and drops down along the most anterior wall of the neural tube. It then pushes forward a bit, rotates ventrally during forebrain flexing, and gives rise to the chiasmatic ridge and anterior hypothalamus. The midanterior plate drops, forming the floor of the forebrain ventricle, and, keeping its place behind the ridge, it gives rise to the posterior hypothalamus or infundibulum. The midlateral anterior ridge slides into the lateral anterior wall of the neural tube and stretches laterally into the optic stalk and retina, and then rotates into a ventral position. The lateral anterior ridge converges to the most anterior part of the dorsal midline during neural tube closure, then rotates anteriorly, and gives rise to telencephalic structures. Whole-mount bromodeoxyuridine labeling at these stages showed that cell division is widespread and relatively uniform throughout the brain during the late neurula and early tailbud stages, but that during late tailbud stages cell division becomes restricted to specific proliferative zones. We conclude that the early morphogenesis of the brain is carried out largely by choreographed cell movements and that later morphogenesis depends on spatially restricted patterns of cell division. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
156.
Uri S. Ladror Gary T. Wang William L. Klein Thomas F. Holzman Grant A. Krafft 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1994,13(4):357-366
Fluorogenic peptide substrates designed to encompass the reported-secretory and amyloidogenic cleavage sites of the amyloid- precursor protein (PP) were used to analyze proteinase activities in brain extracts from control patients and those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Activity against the secretory substrate atpH 7.5 in control and AD brains produced a major endopeptidase cleavage at the Lys687-Leu688 bond (PP770 numbering), consistent with thePP secretase cleavage. Activity in control brains against the amyloidogenic substrate atpH 7.5 produced one cleavage at the Ala673-Glu674 bond, two residues C-terminal to the amyloidogenic Met-Asp site. However, in three of four AD brains, the major cleavage was at the Asp-Ala bond, one residue from the amyloidogenic site. Both endopeptidase and carboxypeptidase activities in AD brains were lower than in control brains. Proteinase activities against the secretory substrate had a major optimum atpH 3.0–4.0 and another atpH 6.0–7.5. Proteinase activities against the amyloidogenic substrate had a major optimum at or belowpH 3.0 and another atpH 6.0. Using both substrates, activities at lowpH were higher in AD brains than in controls, while atpH above 6.5, activities in control brains were higher than in AD. These results indicate that the levels of proteolytic enzymes in AD brains are altered relative to controls.Abbreviations A
Amyloid-
- ACN
acetonitrile
- AD
Alzheimer's disease
- PP
amyloid- precursor protein
- DABCYL
4-(4-dimethylaminophenylazo)-benzoic acid
- EDANS
5-{(2-aminoethyl)amino}napthalene-1-sulfonic acid
- MES
morpholinoethane sulfonic acid
- MOPS
morpholino-propane sulfonic acid
- RP-HPLC
reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
- SDS-PAGE
sodium do-decyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- TFA
tri-fluoroacetic acid
- Tris
tris(hydroxyethyl)aminomethane 相似文献
157.
Pradip Bhatnagar William Huffman Andrew King Louis Pelus William Potts et al. 《Journal of Ornithology》1994,135(1):61-71
Research Notes on Avian Biology 1994: Selected Contributions from the 21st International Ornithological CongressMorphology and Physiology: Endocrinology
Subject: Endocrinology and chronobiology 相似文献158.
Regional Specificity in Alterations of Rat Brain Copper and Catecholamines Following Perinatal Copper Deficiency 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract: Perinatal copper deficiency was studied in 1-month-old female and male Sprague-Dawley rat offspring to investigate regional changes in brain copper and catecholamine levels. Offspring of dams given the low copper treatment beginning at day 7 of gestation exhibited signs characteristic of deficiency such as impaired growth and 10-fold lower liver copper levels compared with copper-adequate controls. Regional analysis of brain copper by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed uniform and severe reduction of copper to levels 20 ± 3% of controls in all regions, except the hypothalamus, where reductions to 56 and 28% of those in copper-adequate females and males, respectively, were measured. HPLC analysis revealed significant reductions in norepinephrine levels in cerebrum, midbrain, corpus striatum, cerebellum, and medulla-pons of copper-deficient offspring ranging between 39 and 67% of control values. There were no significant differences in norepinephrine concentration in the hypothalamus. There was a significant, one-third reduction of dopamine in the corpus striatum of copper-deficient male rats. Consistent with altered in vivo dopamine β-monooxygenase activity, there were five-, three-, and twofold elevations of dopamine in cerebellum, medulla-pons, and hypothalamus of copper-deficient rats. Spectrophotometric measurement of in vitro dopamine β-monooxygenase activity of brain and adrenal homogenates was higher in copper-deficient rats, confirming prior work. An explanation for the in vitro data is unclear. Changes in copper and catecholamine levels were influenced by diet and were regionally selective, especially in the hypothalamus. 相似文献
159.
The effect of an acute increase in temperature, exhaustive exercise and hypoxia on the haematology of the benthic Antarctic teleost, Trematomus bernacchii was investigated. High temperature and hypoxia caused the biggest changes to the blood, with increases in haematocrit, haemoglobin concentrations and plasma chloride levels. The spleen decreased in mass. Exercise produced the smallest changes. Changes were substantially less than reported for the more active cryopelagic species Pagothenia borchgrevinki. The magnitude of the haematocrit increase is discussed in relation to life-style of fish living in the Antarctic. 相似文献
160.
Anthony T.W. Cheung Richard B. Moss Geoffrey Kurland Albin B. Leong William J. Novick 《Journal of medical primatology》1993,22(4):257-262
We have recently established a rhesus monkey model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) endobronchitis by bronchoscopic instillation of PA-embedded agar beads. All experimental animals developed chronic neutrophilic endobronchitis similar to chronic PA endobronchitis in cystic fibrosis (CF). Histopathologic studies further confirmed similarities to chronic PA endobronchitis in CF, including marked peribronchial inflammation, epithelial damage, presence of degraded cilia and ciliary abnormalities, appearance of PA bacterial clusters, mucosal hyperplasia, goblet cell hypertrophy/hypersecretion, airway obstruction, alveolar abnormalities, bronchiectasis, and fibrosis. 相似文献