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61.
Effects of antibodies against odorant binding proteins on electrophysiological responses to odorants
Monoclonal antibodies against two olfactory mucosal proteins, one with affinity for anisole-like and the other for benzaldehyde-like compounds, were applied to mouse olfactory epithelium. Responses to three odorants (anisole, benzaldehyde and amyl acetate) were measured. Of 26 antibodies, three (12%) inhibited responses only to the odorant with affinity for the antigen, nine (35%) inhibited responses to all three odorants, and 14 (54%) were without effect. None reduced responses by as much as 50%. The data support the hypothesis that there is a class of related proteins in olfactory neuronal cell membranes that function as receptor molecules and that other mechanisms also mediate odorant stimulation. 相似文献
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All cells examined from the non-B, non-T acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, NALL-1, stained positive both for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and for common ALL antigen. In addition, peroxidase activity was detected by light microscopy in 55 to 75% of cells and peroxidase-positive granules were detected ultrastructurally in greater than 80% of cells. Peroxidase activity in NALL-1 may result from derepression of peroxidase genes or clonal proliferation of a biphenotypic precursor cell. 相似文献
65.
Jacob A. Whitley Aidan M. Ex‐Willey Daniel R. Marzolf Maegen A. Ackermann Anthony L. Tongen Oleksandr Kokhan Nathan T. Wright 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2019,28(4):717-726
Obscurin, a giant modular cytoskeletal protein, is comprised mostly of tandem immunoglobulin‐like (Ig‐like) domains. This architecture allows obscurin to connect distal targets within the cell. The linkers connecting the Ig domains are usually short (3–4 residues). The physical effect arising from these short linkers is not known; such linkers may lead to a stiff elongated molecule or, conversely, may lead to a more compact and dynamic structure. In an effort to better understand how linkers affect obscurin flexibility, and to better understand the physical underpinnings of this flexibility, here we study the structure and dynamics of four representative sets of dual obscurin Ig domains using experimental and computational techniques. We find in all cases tested that tandem obscurin Ig domains interact at the poles of each domain and tend to stay relatively extended in solution. NMR, SAXS, and MD simulations reveal that while tandem domains are elongated, they also bend and flex significantly. By applying this behavior to a simplified model, it becomes apparent obscurin can link targets more than 200 nm away. However, as targets get further apart, obscurin begins acting as a spring and requires progressively more energy to further elongate. 相似文献
66.
Augustine T. Choko Peter MacPherson Emily L. Webb Barbara A. Willey Helena Feasy Rodrick Sambakunsi Aaron Mdolo Simon D. Makombe Nicola Desmond Richard Hayes Hendramoorthy Maheswaran Elizabeth L. Corbett 《PLoS medicine》2015,12(9)
BackgroundHome-based HIV testing and counselling (HTC) achieves high uptake, but is difficult and expensive to implement and sustain. We investigated a novel alternative based on HIV self-testing (HIVST). The aim was to evaluate the uptake of testing, accuracy, linkage into care, and health outcomes when highly convenient and flexible but supported access to HIVST kits was provided to a well-defined and closely monitored population.ConclusionsCommunity-based HIVST achieved high coverage in two successive years and was safe, accurate, and acceptable. Proactive HIVST strategies, supported and monitored by communities, could substantially complement existing approaches to providing early HIV diagnosis and periodic repeat testing to adolescents and adults in high-HIV settings. 相似文献
67.
Streptomyces coelicolor is a morphologically complex bacterium requiring the secretion of surface‐active proteins to progress through its life cycle. SapB represents an important class of these biosurfactants, as illustrated by its ability to restore aerial hyphae formation when applied exogenously to developmental mutants. However, such aerial hyphae fail to sporulate, exemplifying the need to co‐ordinate the timing of SapB production with other developmental events. SapB has an unusual lantibiotic structure. Its structural gene, ramS, is only 38 nucleotides downstream of the gene encoding its putative modification enzyme, RamC. Transient, co‐ordinated expression of the operon was thought to be controlled by the response regulator RamR. However, we show that ramS is transcribed throughout the cell cycle with a dual expression profile dissimilar to the tightly controlled ramC expression. Surprisingly, post‐translational modification relies on prior membrane localization of the precursor peptide, RamS, as demonstrated by the absence of RamS modification in S. coelicolor hyphae treated with the Bacillus subtilis lipoprotein surfactin. Our results demonstrate that interspecies interaction can also be mediated by interference of post‐translational events. Further, temporal and spatial regulation of irreversible post‐translational modification of a surface‐active morphogenetic peptide suggests a new model for the control of key developmental events. 相似文献
68.
Ion-brew: clarifying the influences on plant ionomes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N Willey 《The New phytologist》2012,194(1):1-3
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The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project shows inter- and intraplatform reproducibility of gene expression measurements 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
MAQC Consortium Shi L Reid LH Jones WD Shippy R Warrington JA Baker SC Collins PJ de Longueville F Kawasaki ES Lee KY Luo Y Sun YA Willey JC Setterquist RA Fischer GM Tong W Dragan YP Dix DJ Frueh FW Goodsaid FM Herman D Jensen RV Johnson CD Lobenhofer EK Puri RK Schrf U Thierry-Mieg J Wang C Wilson M Wolber PK Zhang L Amur S Bao W Barbacioru CC Lucas AB Bertholet V Boysen C Bromley B Brown D Brunner A Canales R Cao XM Cebula TA Chen JJ Cheng J Chu TM Chudin E Corson J Corton JC Croner LJ 《Nature biotechnology》2006,24(9):1151-1161
Over the last decade, the introduction of microarray technology has had a profound impact on gene expression research. The publication of studies with dissimilar or altogether contradictory results, obtained using different microarray platforms to analyze identical RNA samples, has raised concerns about the reliability of this technology. The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC) project was initiated to address these concerns, as well as other performance and data analysis issues. Expression data on four titration pools from two distinct reference RNA samples were generated at multiple test sites using a variety of microarray-based and alternative technology platforms. Here we describe the experimental design and probe mapping efforts behind the MAQC project. We show intraplatform consistency across test sites as well as a high level of interplatform concordance in terms of genes identified as differentially expressed. This study provides a resource that represents an important first step toward establishing a framework for the use of microarrays in clinical and regulatory settings. 相似文献