全文获取类型
收费全文 | 710篇 |
免费 | 92篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 28篇 |
2012年 | 53篇 |
2011年 | 24篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 35篇 |
2008年 | 22篇 |
2007年 | 30篇 |
2006年 | 26篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 35篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 13篇 |
1970年 | 7篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 8篇 |
1966年 | 5篇 |
1960年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有802条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Inhibition of glucosidases and galactosidases by polyols 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
22.
Hayley L. Crowell Katherine C. King James M. Whelan Mallory V. Harmel Gennesee Garcia Sebastian G. Gonzales Paul H. Maier Heather Neldner Thomas Nhu John T. Nolan Emily N. Taylor 《Ecology and evolution》2021,11(12):8170
- Most studies on how rising temperatures will impact terrestrial ectotherms have focused on single populations or multiple sympatric species. Addressing the thermal and energetic implications of climatic variation on multiple allopatric populations of a species will help us better understand how a species may be impacted by altered climates.
- We used eight years of thermal and behavioral data collected from four populations of Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus oreganus) living in climatically distinct habitat types (inland and coastal) to determine the field‐active and laboratory‐preferred body temperatures, thermoregulatory metrics, and maintenance energetic requirements of snakes from each population.
- Physical models showed that thermal quality was best at coastal sites, but inland snakes thermoregulated more accurately despite being in more thermally constrained environments. Projected increases of 1 and 2°C in ambient temperature result in an increase in overall thermal quality at both coastal and inland sites.
- Population differences in modeled standard metabolic rate estimates were driven by body size and not field‐active body temperature, with inland snakes requiring 1.6× more food annually than coastal snakes.
- All snakes thermoregulated with high accuracy, suggesting that small increases in ambient temperature are unlikely to impact the maintenance energetic requirements of individual snakes and that some species of large‐bodied reptiles may be robust to modest thermal perturbations under conservative climate change predictions.
23.
Peter I. Whelan Nina Kurucz William J. Pettit Vicki Krause 《Journal of vector ecology》2020,45(1):118-126
The Northern Territory (NT) of Australia is currently free of the dengue mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L). However, on 17 February 2004, two Ae. aegypti adults were captured in two routine CO2‐baited encephalitis virus surveillance traps in Tennant Creek, located 990 km south of Darwin in the NT. The detection triggered an immediate survey and control response undertaken by the NT Department of Health and Community Services, followed by a Commonwealth of Australia‐funded Ae. aegypti elimination program. This report details the methods and results of the detection and subsequent elimination activities that were carried out between 2004 and 2006, returning the NT to its dengue vector‐free status. There have been very few successful Ae. aegypti elimination programs in the world. This purposeful mosquito elimination for Australia was officially declared on 5 April 2006. 相似文献
24.
25.
26.
27.
R. D. Ellender F. Morton J. Whelan B. H. Sweet 《Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology》2013,43(3):215-228
The ability of the Canalco Model CF-3 electro-osmosis (EO) apparatus to concentrate viruses from artificially seeded distilled water was improved. Modification of the physical arrangement of the equipment allowed for a 10–25 fold increase in concentration efficiency and a concomitant decrease in the process time. The major improvements involved modifications of the cell arrangement (which increased the membrane transport area), a change in the salt replenishing solution and the use of different membranes of higher flux. Viruses concentrated by E0 from seeded tap water resulted in lower recoveries when compared to distilled water. The lower yields were probably due to instability or aggregation of the agents in the menstruum and not directly related to the physical apparatus. Under the conditions used, one could detect virus at levels as low as 0.01 plaque forming units (PFU) per ml of initial input. The efficacy of a modification of the Canalco forced-flow electrophoretic (FFE) system was also evaluated. The maximum potential was applied with a constant value for pump rates. A 6-fold concentration of virus and a 12-fold decrease in water volume was obtained. 相似文献
28.
Background
The secondary attack rate of hepatitis A virus (HAV) among contacts of cases is up to 50%. Historically, contacts were offered immunoglobulin (IG, a human derived blood product) as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Amid safety concerns about IG, HAV vaccine is increasingly recommended instead. Public health authorities’ recommendations differ, particularly for healthy contacts ≥40 years old, where vaccine efficacy data is limited. We evaluated routine use of HAV vaccine as an alternative to immunoglobulin in PEP, in those considered at low risk of severe infection in the Netherlands.Methods
Household contacts of acute HAV cases notified in Amsterdam (2004-2012) were invited ≤14 days post-exposure, for baseline anti-HAV testing and PEP according to national guidelines: immunoglobulin if at risk of severe infection, or hepatitis A vaccine if healthy and at low risk (aged <30, or, 30-50 years and vaccinated <8 days post-exposure). Incidence of laboratory confirmed secondary infection in susceptible contacts was assessed 4-8 weeks post-exposure. In a vaccinated subgroup, relative risk (RR) of secondary infection with estimated using Poisson regression.Results
Of 547 contacts identified, 191 were susceptible to HAV. Per-protocol, 167 (87%) were vaccinated (mean:6.7 days post-exposure, standard deviation(sd)=3.3) and 24 (13%) were given immunoglobulin (mean:9.7 days post-exposure, sd=2.8). At follow-up testing, 8/112 (7%) had a laboratory confirmed infection of whom 7 were symptomatic. All secondary infections occurred in vaccinated contacts, and half were >40 years of age. In healthy contacts vaccinated per-protocol ≤8 days post-exposure, RRref. ≤15 years of secondary infection in those >40 years was 12.0 (95%CI:1.3-106.7).Conclusions
Timely administration of HAV vaccine in PEP was feasible and the secondary attack rate was low in those <40 years. Internationally, upper age-limits for post-exposure vaccination vary. Pending larger studies, immunoglobulin should be considered PEP of choice in people >40 years of age and those vulnerable to severe disease. 相似文献29.
Capsule House Sparrows preferred millet over seeds of prairie forbs and grasses native to the USA. By reducing the abundance and availability of some grains, changing agricultural practices may contribute to the population declines of House Sparrows seen in some parts of their range. 相似文献
30.
Stephen Craven Nishikant Shirsat Jessica Whelan Brian Glennon 《Biotechnology progress》2013,29(1):186-196
A Monod kinetic model, logistic equation model, and statistical regression model were developed for a Chinese hamster ovary cell bioprocess operated under three different modes of operation (batch, bolus fed‐batch, and continuous fed‐batch) and grown on two different bioreactor scales (3 L bench‐top and 15 L pilot‐scale). The Monod kinetic model was developed for all modes of operation under study and predicted cell density, glucose glutamine, lactate, and ammonia concentrations well for the bioprocess. However, it was computationally demanding due to the large number of parameters necessary to produce a good model fit. The transferability of the Monod kinetic model structure and parameter set across bioreactor scales and modes of operation was investigated and a parameter sensitivity analysis performed. The experimentally determined parameters had the greatest influence on model performance. They changed with scale and mode of operation, but were easily calculated. The remaining parameters, which were fitted using a differential evolutionary algorithm, were not as crucial. Logistic equation and statistical regression models were investigated as alternatives to the Monod kinetic model. They were less computationally intensive to develop due to the absence of a large parameter set. However, modeling of the nutrient and metabolite concentrations proved to be troublesome due to the logistic equation model structure and the inability of both models to incorporate a feed. The complexity, computational load, and effort required for model development has to be balanced with the necessary level of model sophistication when choosing which model type to develop for a particular application. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2013 相似文献