NDRG1 expression is related to the progression and prognosis of gastric cancer patients through modulating proliferation,invasion and cell cycle of gastric cancer cells

N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) has been proposed as a tumor suppressor gene in many different types of tumors, but its potential function and corresponding mechanism are not yet fully elucidated. This study aims to detect the possible function of NDRG1 in gastric cancer progression. In this study, 112 paired gastric cancer tissues and corresponding nonmalignant gastric tissues were utilized to identify the differential protein expression of NDRG1 by immunohistochemistry and its clinical significance was analyzed. Furthermore, 49 of 112 paired gastric specimens were used to detect the differential mRNA expression by real-time PCR. The over expression of NDRG1 in human gastric cancer cell line AGS by PcDNA3.1–NDRG1 transfection was utilized to detect the role of NDRG1 in regulating the biological behavior of gastric cancer. NDRG1 expression was significantly decreased in primary gastric cancer tissues, compared with its corresponding nonmalignant gastric tissues (p < 0.05), and its decreased expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01), invasion depth (p < 0.01) and differentiation (p < 0.05). Additionally, the overall survival rate of gastric cancer patients with high expression of NDRG1 was higher than those with low expression during the follow-up period. NDRG1 overexpression suppressed cells proliferation, invasion and induced a G1 cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer. Furthermore, the down-regulation of NDRG1 in gastric cancer metastatic progression was correlated to E-cadherin and MMP-9. Our results verify that NDRG1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene and may play an important role in the metastasis progression and prognosis of gastric cancer.     

SND1蛋白与HuR蛋白的相互结合作用

人源SND1（staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1）蛋白由N端的SN（staphylococcal nucleases）结构域和C端的TSN (Tudor SN5) 结构域组成,其中SN结构域又包含SN1～SN4四个重复的功能片段. 本课题组前期研究结果表明,SND1蛋白可以通过SN结构域与G3BP（Ras GAP SH3 domain binding protein）蛋白相互结合,共同参与细胞应激颗粒（stress granules,SGs）的形成. SGs是真核细胞在受到氧化应激、病毒感染等外界刺激时在胞浆内形成的与RNA代谢相关的颗粒状结构. 对于SGs的成分鉴定及相互作用的分析一直是学者们研究的热点. 本研究中,免疫共沉淀实验结果表明,以抗SND1抗体可以共沉淀出HeLa细胞内另一个重要的应激相关人类抗原R（human antigen R,HuR）蛋白. 另外,利用脂质体转染法将pcDNA3 FLAG HuR重组质粒瞬时转染入HeLa细胞,成功过表达外源性的FLAG HuR融合蛋白,再以抗FLAG标签抗体又可以反向共沉淀出内源性SND1蛋白,证明SND1与HuR之间存在蛋白质间的相互结合作用. 细胞免疫荧光实验结果表明,当给予HeLa细胞05 mmol/L亚砷酸钠氧化应激时,SND1与HuR蛋白共同定位于胞浆中的SGs结构中. GST pulldown实验结果进一步表明截短的SN结构域可以结合HuR蛋白,其中以SN1功能片段的结合能力最强,表明SND1蛋白是通过SN结构域与HuR蛋白形成应激复合物,参与SGs的胞浆组装.并不定位于SGs的TSN结构域亦可结合HuR蛋白,提示SND1 HuR的蛋白相互作用可能并不局限于SGs,具有其它方面的功能意义.     

脑出血后脑积水形成机制研究进展

脑积水是由于颅脑疾患使得脑脊液分泌过多或(和)循环、吸收障碍而致颅内脑脊液量增加,脑室系统扩大或(和)蛛网膜下腔扩大的一种病症。目前多项临床多因素回归分析及前瞻性随机对照研究已证实脑积水是脑出血(intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH)预后不良的独立危险因素。脑积水以脑萎缩及神经功能障碍为主要特征,严重影响人的认知功能和生活质量,给患者家庭及社会带来巨大的经济负担。本人就ICH后脑积水形成机制研究进展做一综述。     

全反式维甲酸联合替莫唑胺对胶质瘤U251细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的：研究全反式维甲酸（ATRA）联合替莫唑胺（TMZ）对胶质瘤细胞株U251增殖及凋亡的影响。方法：体外培养胶质瘤细胞株U251,分为ATRA组、TMZ组、ATRA＋TMZ组和空白对照4组,应用MTT法测定U251细胞生长抑制率,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布和细胞凋亡率,westernblot法检测细胞维甲酸受体β（RARβ）蛋白和凋亡相关蛋白Caspase．3蛋白的表达情况。结果：对照组、ATRA组、TMZ组及ATRA＋TMZ组的细胞生长抑制率分别为（1．72±0．12）％、（9．87±0．87）％、（23．87＋1．32）％及（35．74±1．44）％,ATRA＋TMZ组的细胞生长抑制率显著高于单独应用TMZ（P〈0．01）。对照组、ATRA组、TMZ组及ATRA＋TMZ组的细胞凋亡率分别为（1．32±0．11）％、（4．16±0．35）％、（8．44±0149）％、（15．27±1．03）％,ATRA＋TMZ组的凋亡率显著高于单独应用TMZ有更高的凋亡率（P〈0．01）。对照组、ATRA组、TMZ组及ATRA＋TMZ组RARp蛋白相对表达量分别0．452±0．054、0．837±0．068、0．195±0．021、0．376±0．039,ATRA＋TMZ组RARβ蛋白相对表达量显著高于TMZ组（P〈0．01）。ATRA＋TMZ组Caspase．的3蛋白表达相对水平为（0．832±0．059）,明显高于ATRA组（0．334±0．041）及TMZ组（0．521＋0．032）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：全反式维甲酸联合替莫唑胺能更有效抑制U251细胞的增殖,增加其凋亡率,这可能与其增加RARβ和Caspase-3蛋白的表达抑制U251细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡有关。     

沙眼衣原体持续感染对Hela细胞TLR4/IL-6/STAT3信号通路的影响

目的：分析沙眼衣原体（Chlamydia trachomatis,Ct）持续感染对靶细胞TLR4/IL-6/STAT3信号通路的影响.方法：利用Hela细胞分别建立Ct急性感染及持续性感染模型,通过qRT-PCR、ELISA等方法比较Ct感染过程中靶细胞TLR4、STAT3、IL-6转录水平及细胞因子IL-6分泌量的变化.结果：Ct感染后靶细胞TLR4、IL-6、STAT3转录水平及细胞因子IL-6分泌量均呈现时间相关性上调,且持续性感染状态下比急性感染状态下的上调更为显著;IL-6/STAT3的表达量与TLR4转录水平正相关.结论：Ct持续感染过程中TLR4 的持续活化可大幅上调IL-6/STAT3信号通路表达,可能参与了Ct持续感染后慢性炎性损伤过程.     

槟榔林冠穿透雨空间格局的时间稳定性

槟榔林是热带地区广泛种植典型经济林,独特的树冠结构改变了穿透雨的空间格局,但针对穿透雨空间格局的时间稳定性研究很少,影响对穿透雨生态效应的认识与调控。以海南岛槟榔林为研究对象,基于33场降雨数据,研究了穿透雨的空间格局及时间特性,结果显示:(1)槟榔树冠内不同位置穿透雨差异极显著(P<0.01),穿透雨率分别为:树干附近(85.6%)、冠幅中央(48.3%)、冠幅边缘(59.8%),穿透雨空间格局表现为向树干附近汇集的特点;不同方位的穿透雨率仅东面显著高于南面(P<0.1),表明风向对穿透雨空间格局具有一定影响。(2)槟榔树冠下各位点穿透雨时间变异程度大(65.7%),但槟榔树冠幅中央穿透雨时间稳定性较好(55.6%),而树干旁边和冠幅边缘穿透雨时间稳定性较差(25%、19.4%),各方位穿透雨的时间稳定性相差不大(约1/3)。(3)距树干距离和降雨量影响穿透雨的时间稳定性,距树干不同距离平均叶片倾斜角度的差异是造成穿透雨在时间上不稳定的关键因素,平均叶片倾斜角度与穿透雨时间不稳定程度呈现显著正相关关系(P<0.05);穿透雨时间稳定性在中等降雨条件下最差,随着降雨量...     

The host defense peptide LL‐37 activates the tumor‐suppressing bone morphogenetic protein signaling via inhibition of proteasome in gastric cancer cells

The human cathelicidin LL‐37, a pleiotropic host defense peptide, is down‐regulated in gastric adenocarcinomas. We therefore investigated whether this peptide suppresses gastric cancer growth. LL‐37 lowered gastric cancer cell proliferation and delayed G₁‐S transition in vitro and inhibits the growth of gastric cancer xenograft in vivo. In this connection, LL‐37 increased the tumor‐suppressing bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, manifested as an increase in BMP4 expression and the subsequent Smad1/5 phosphorylation and the induction of p21^Waf1/Cip1. The anti‐mitogenic effect, Smad1/5 phosphorylation, and p21^Waf1/Cip1 up‐regulation induced by LL‐37 were reversed by the knockdown of BMP receptor II. The activation of BMP signaling was paralleled by the inhibition of chymotrypsin‐like and caspase‐like activity of proteasome. In this regard, proteasome inhibitor MG‐132 mimicked the effect of LL‐37 by up‐regulating BMP4 expression and Smad1/5 phosphorylation. Further analysis of clinical samples revealed that LL‐37 and p21^Waf1/Cip1 mRNA expressions were both down‐regulated in gastric cancer tissues and their expressions were positively correlated. Collectively, we describe for the first time that LL‐37 inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation through activation of BMP signaling via a proteasome‐dependent mechanism. This unique biological activity may open up novel therapeutic avenue for the treatment of gastric cancer. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 178–186, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

人谷胱甘肽S-转移酶pi(GSTp)中半胱氨酸对其在细胞氧化应激下功能的影响

利用PCR定点突变技术构建人GSTp三种半胱氨酸突变体C~(47/101)、C~(14/47/101)和C~(14/47/101/169)。将CSTp 野生型和突变体表达质粒转染293细胞,以CDNB 为底物测定胞内GST 的转移酶活性,结果显示各类突变体均明显抑制了细胞内源性CST 的催化活性,具有显著的负显性(dominant nega-tive)突变体的功能;将CSTp 野生型和突变体与c-Jun、NF-kB 和p53的报告基因载体共转染,通过萤光素酶活性测定发现突变体C~(14/47/101)和C~(14/47/101/169)能明显激活c-Jun 和p21的转录活性;Western印迹分析显示突变体均能上调细胞内p21蛋白的水平,细胞存活率的测定表明GSTp 突变体能增强293细胞对H_2O_2刺激的敏感性;实验结果表明半胱氨酸残基对于维持GSTp 在对抗细胞氧化应激过程中的保护作用至关重要。     

淀粉基高吸水树脂降解菌的筛选及初步鉴定*

以淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂为唯一碳源,从土壤中筛选出4个菌株,纯化后进行菌种鉴定。经过表面观察和理化实验,初步鉴定出它们分别为两类放线菌(放线菌科,Actinomycetaceaes和固氮菌科,Azotobacteraceae)、酵母菌(隐球酵母科,红酵母属,Rhodotonda)和霉菌(毛霉科,根霉属,Rhizopus sp．),为深入研究高吸水树脂的降解性能提供参考。     

微波水解制备鱼蛋白的研究

采用微波水解的方法制备鱼蛋白水解液,结果表明:微波可以明显增加蛋白质回收率,正交实验得到微波酸解的最适条件,即HCl浓度4 mol·L-1、微波功率450w、作用时间为30min,其水解液的蛋白质回收率可达到91.02％,相当于酶解的效果,且腥苦昧较小。