安可信银离子免洗手消毒液的效果及安全性

目的 评价一种以乙醇和银离子为主要成分的免洗手消毒液(安可信)的效果及其安全性.方法 采用悬液定量杀菌试验、消毒剂对手消毒现场试验、急性经口毒性试验和小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验等方法,研究该免洗手消毒液杀菌效果以及安全性.结果 银离子浓度为41.6 mg/kg、乙醇含量为54.4％(w/w)的该免洗手消毒液作用1 m...     

A Preliminary Genetic Analysis of Complement 3 Gene and Schizophrenia

Complement pathway activation was found to occur frequently in schizophrenia, and complement 3 (C3) plays a major role in this process. Previous studies have provided evidence for the possible role of C3 in the development of schizophrenia. In this study, we hypothesized that the gene encoding C3 (C3) may confer susceptibility to schizophrenia in Han Chinese. We analyzed 7 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of C3 in 647 schizophrenia patients and 687 healthy controls. Peripheral C3 mRNA expression level was measured in 23 drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia and 24 controls. Two SNPs (rs1047286 and rs2250656) that deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were excluded for further analysis. Among the remaining 5 SNPs, there was no significant difference in allele and genotype frequencies between the patient and control groups. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant SNP-gender interaction in either dominant model or recessive model. There was no significant difference in the level of peripheral C3 expression between the drug-naïve schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. In conclusion, the results of this study do not support C3 as a major genetic susceptibility factor in schizophrenia. Other factors in AP may have critical roles in schizophrenia and be worthy of further investigation.     

天山根瘤菌（Rhizobium tianshanense）全细胞蛋白电泳和多位点酶电泳分析

用全细胞可溶性蛋白电泳和多位点酸电泳对１５株天山根瘤菌（Ｒｈｉｚｏｂｉｕｍ　ｔｉａｎｓｈａｎｅｎｓｅ）和其它１０株快慢生根瘤菌进行聚类分析,结果表明Ｒ．ｔｉａｎｓｈａｎｅｎｓｅ种内菌株关系密切而与其它种不同。分析时将全细胞蛋白电泳图谱分为２５４等份,根据每等份内条带的有无进行聚类,结果与数值分类基本一致,说明用该方法对全细胞蛋白电泳结果进行聚类可以作为根瘤菌的分群手段;用所有出现的１０９种迁移率对１７种多位点酶的电泳结果作聚类分析,得到与全细胞蛋白电泳相似的结果。     

Finite Element Analysis of Foot and Ankle Impact Injury: Risk Evaluation of Calcaneus and Talus Fracture

IntroductionFoot and ankle impact injury is common in geriatric trauma and often leads to fracture of rearfoot, including calcaneus and talus. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of foot impact on the risk of calcaneus and talus fracture via finite element analysis.MethodsA three-dimensional finite element model of foot and ankle was constructed based on magnetic resonance images of a female aged 28. The foot sustained a 7-kg passive impact through a foot plate. The simulated impact velocities were from 2.0 to 7.0 m/s with 1.0 m/s interval.ResultsAt 5.0 m/s impact velocity, the maximum von Mises stress of the trabecular calcaneus and talus were 3.21MPa and 2.41MPa respectively, while that of the Tresca stress were 3.46MPa and 2.55MPa. About 94% and 84% of the trabecular calcaneus and talus exceeded the shear yielding stress, while 21.7% and 18.3% yielded the compressive stress. The peak stresses were distributed around the talocalcaneal articulation and the calcaneal tuberosity inferiorly, which corresponded to the common fracture sites.ConclusionsThe prediction in this study showed that axial compressive impact at 5.0 m/s could produce considerable yielding of trabecular bone in both calcaneus and talus, dominantly by shear and compounded with compression that predispose the rearfoot in the risk of fracture. This study suggested the injury pattern and fracture mode of high energy trauma that provides insights in injury prevention and fracture management.     

酵母2-苯乙醇耐受性的研究进展

2-苯乙醇(2-phenylethanol, 2-PE)是一种可食用且有玫瑰香味的高级芳香醇,常用于食品、化妆品和药品行业。由于物理和化学法制备2-PE得率低,不适用于工业生产。而作为单细胞真核微生物的酵母具有高效合成“天然” 2-PE的潜力,因此酵母作为底盘微生物合成2-PE的策略深受研究者青睐。然而,在酵母进行2-PE发酵过程中不免会受到2-PE毒害作用影响。因此,亟须研究酵母耐受2-PE的机制为生产实际提供理论基础,这也有助于选育具有较高2-PE耐受性的酵母菌株。本文综述了酵母2-PE耐受性的研究进展,从酵母2-PE合成途径、2-PE耐受性机理等方面进行阐述,主要说明提升酵母2-PE耐受性的方法。掌握酵母2-PE耐受机制,最终提升酵母2-PE产量及转化效率是今后研究的重中之重。     

Lactacystin诱导帕金森病大鼠黑质胶质细胞的变化

目的观察蛋白酶体抑制剂Lactacystin诱导大鼠黑质胶质细胞的变化、炎性介质NF-κB的表达。方法采用立体定向术将蛋白酶体抑制剂Lactacystin 10μg注射至大鼠黑质部位,免疫组织化学法观察黑质区多巴胺(DA)能神经元、小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞的变化,炎性介质核转录因子κB(NF-κB)的表达。结果注射Lactacystin 3周,阿朴吗啡腹腔注射后出现典型旋转行为;8周后实验组大鼠损毁侧黑质酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)阳性细胞数明显减少,黑质小胶质细胞及星形胶质细胞的数量均增加,NF-κB表达增强。结论蛋白酶体抑制剂Lactacystin能激活大鼠黑质小胶质细胞及星形胶质细胞,诱导炎性介质表达。     

水体中铝（Ⅲ）的化学形态及其生态效应的研究进展

本文着重论述了水体中各种铝络合物的形成结构、分布特征和转化规律,分析了当前广泛使用的几类定量鉴别方法,阐明某些形态的铝对生物体及人类的毒性作用和生理功能性障碍等生态效应方面的研究进展。同时提出未来研究的重点领域和方法。     

鹅喉羚线粒体D-loop和Cytb序列遗传多样性分析

[目的]为了探讨新疆天山野生动物园17只鹅喉羚的遗传多样性、亲缘关系和群体来源。[方法]对这些鹅喉羚线粒体控制区(D-loop)和细胞色素b(Cytb)基因序列进行了PCR扩增和测序,分别计算了群体单倍型多样度(H)和核苷酸多样性(Pi)以及个体间的遗传距离,并构建了单倍型NJ(Neighbor-Joining)聚类图。[结果]D-loop区和Cytb分别获得了978bp和543bp的基因片段,D-loop区识别出11个单倍型,Cytb区识别出3个单倍型;D-loop和Cytb的单倍型多样度(H)和核苷酸多样性(Pi)分别为0.863、0.01028和0.330、0.00077;个体之间最大遗传距离为0.024,最小遗传距离为0.001;17只鹅喉羚分别聚为2个分支。[结论]该鹅喉羚群体D-loop区多态性较丰富,在野外可能来自两个不同的群体。