云南松地理种源研究 Ⅰ.苗期试验

对来自27个不同种源的云南松(Pinus yunnanensis Fr.)进行苗期试验,测定苗高和地径生长量,并对其21个月生的苗高和地径进行方差分析。结果表明:不同种源的云南松在相同试验条件下,其苗高和地径差异极为显著,初步选出其苗高超过对照(安宁种源)175.3—205.3％的10个种源,可供造林试验用种。本试验还对云南松形态特征的地理变异规律及其相互间的关系进行了初步探讨。     

Concise synthesis of Cannabisin G

Cannabisin G (1), a naturally occurring lignanamide, was synthesized in 45% overall yield starting from 3-tert-butyl ethyl ferulate (6). An oxidative coupling by potassium ferricyanide in an alkaline media serves as the key step to construct the biphenylbutadiene skeleton of 1 with high regioselectivity.     

毛细管电泳芯片信号分析系统的UML建模研究

集成毛细管电泳芯片(Integrate Cpillary Electrophoresis Chip,ICEC)属于分析型生物芯片,近年来发展迅速。ICEC过程复杂,实现困难,有必要前期通过建模等方式,进行必要的系统设计。统一建模语言(Unified Modeling Language,UML)是一种用来描述系统、构造系统模型的面向对象建模语言,运用UML语言对ICEC信号分析系统进行建模研究,可使ICEC的设计逐步优化,从而最终实现混合物高效分析和分离的目的。本文系统描述UML语言和毛细管电泳芯片工作原理,并介绍运用UML语言对ICEC信号分析系统建模方法。     

后基因组研究中蛋白结构与功能的预测

阐述蛋白质结构建模和功能预测的基本方法以及最新研究进展,展望了蛋白质预测技术的前景。     

Synthesis,X-ray crystal structure,DNA/BSA binding,DNA cleavage and cytotoxicity studies of phenanthroline based copper(II)/zinc(II) complexes

Research on copper^II 1,10-phenanththroline (phen) derivatives continues to attract interest in the context of structure and biological properties. In this paper, two metal complexes [Cu₂(phen)₂(μ-Cl)₂]Cl₂ (1), [Zn(phen)₂(H₂O)Cl]Cl·4H₂O (2) were synthesized and characterized. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 were determined by X-ray diffraction. In order to investigate the biological properties of the prepared complexes, spectroscopic and biological studies were performed. Results of X-ray diffraction showed that 1 and 2 form two types of crystal structures in a given system: dinuclear and mono-nuclear complex. The preliminary study on the DNA cleavage activity has shown that 1 under study behaved as the chemical nucleases. The DNA binding interaction of 1 & 2 with CT-DNA has been investigated by UV–Visible and fluorescence emission spectrometry and the apparent binding constant (K _app) values are 5.1 × 10⁴ and 1.2 × 10⁴ M^?1, respectively. In addition, fluorescence spectrometry of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with 1 & 2 showed that the quenching mechanism might be a static quenching procedure with one binding sites for BSA. In addition, the cytotoxicity of 1 in vitro on tumor cells lines (MCF-7, HepG2 and HT29) was examined by MTT and showed better antitumor effect on the tested cells.     

Identification of eight genes encoding chemokine-like factor superfamily members 1-8 (CKLFSF1-8) by in silico cloning and experimental validation

TM4SF11 is only 102 kb from the chemokine gene cluster composed of SCYA22, SCYD1, and SCYA17 on chromosome 16q13. CKLF maps on chromosome 16q22. CKLFs have some characteristics associated with the CCL22/MDC, CX3CL1/fractalkine, CCL17/TARC, and TM4SF proteins. Bioinformatics based on CKLF2 cDNA and protein sequences in combination with experimental validation identified eight novel genes designated chemokine-like factor superfamily members 1-8 (CKLFSF1-8). CKLFSF1-8 form gene clusters; the sequence identities between CKLF2 and CKLFSF1-8 are from 12.5 to 39.7%. Most of the CKLFSFs have alternative RNA splicing forms. CKLFSF1 has a CC motif and higher sequence similarity with chemokines than with any of the other CKLFSFs. CKLFSF8 shares 39.3% amino acid identity with TM4SF11. CKLFSF1 links the CKLFSF family with chemokines, and CKLFSF8 links it with TM4SF. The characteristics of CKLFSF2-7 are intermediate between CKLFSF1 and CKLFSF8. This indicates that CKLFSF represents a novel gene family between the SCY and the TM4SF gene families.     

Improving Cross-Protection against Influenza Virus Using Recombinant Vaccinia Vaccine Expressing NP and M2 Ectodomain Tandem Repeats

Conventional influenza vaccines need to be designed and manufactured yearly. However, they occasionally provide poor protection owing to antigenic mismatch. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop universal vaccines against influenza virus. Using nucleoprotein(NP) and extracellular domain of matrix protein 2(M2e) genes from the influenza A virus A/Beijing/30/95(H3N2), we constructed four recombinant vaccinia virus-based influenza vaccines carrying NP fused with one or four copies of M2e genes in different orders. The recombinant vaccinia viruses were used to immunize BALB/C mice. Humoral and cellular responses were measured, and then the immunized mice were challenged with the influenza A virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34(PR8). NP-specific humoral response was elicited in mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying full-length NP, while robust M2e-specific humoral response was elicited only in the mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying multiple copies of M2e. All recombinant viruses elicited NP-and M2e-specific cellular immune responses in mice. Only immunization with RVJ-4M2eNP induced remarkably higher levels of IL-2 and IL-10 cytokines specific to M2e. Furthermore, RVJ-4M2eNP immunization provided the highest cross-protection in mice challenged with 20 MLD_(50) of PR8. Therefore, the cross-protection potentially correlates with both NP and M2e-specific humoral and cellular immune responses induced by RVJ-4M2eNP, which expresses a fusion antigen of full-length NP preceded by four M2e repeats. These results suggest that the rational fusion of NP and multiple M2e antigens is critical toward inducing protective immune responses, and the 4M2eNP fusion antigen may be employed to develop a universal influenza vaccine.     

Specific N‐demethylation of verapamil by cytochrome P450 from Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273

Norverapamil, the N‐demethylated derivative of verapamil, is a novel promising leading compound for attenuating multidrug resistance with less side effects compared with verapamil. However, the efficient synthetic method for norverapamil is absent. In this study, an innovative biotechnological method based on enzymatic catalysis was presented for the high‐efficient production of norverapamil. CYP105D1, a cytochrome P450 from Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273, was identified to carry out a one‐step specific N‐demethylation of verapamil along with putidaredoxin reductase (Pdr) and putidaredoxin (Pdx) as the redox partner. Docking calculations rationalized the specific N‐demethylation observed in experiment and identified important amino acid residues for verapamil binding. Furthermore, a CYP105D1‐based whole‐cell system in E. coli BL21(DE3) was established and optimized for highly efficient N‐demethylation of verapamil. The bioconversion rate of verapamil by the whole cell system came up to 60.16% within 24 hours under the optimized conditions. These results demonstrated the high potential of CYP105D1‐based biocatalytic system for norverapamil production.     

小麦赤霉病新抗源的发掘与抗性位点的检测分析

小麦赤霉病是由禾谷镰刀菌引起的世界性重要病害,发掘优异的抗性种质资源、培育抗病品种是持续防治赤霉病最经济且环境友好的措施。为发掘新的赤霉病抗源,本研究于2017—2021年在弥雾保湿大棚中,采用单花滴注法对642份小麦种质资源的赤霉病抗扩展性进行鉴定,同时利用已知抗赤霉病基因/位点Fhb1~Fhb7的分子标记对筛选出的抗性种质基因型进行分析。结果表明,不同年份间赤霉病病小穗率的相关性均达到极显著水平。筛选到3年及以上赤霉病抗性优于扬麦158的种质81份,主要来自长江中下游麦区,其中33份种质连续4年抗性优于扬麦158;筛选到3年及以上抗性与苏麦3号相当的种质9份,分别为望水白、Grandin、浩麦1号、剑子麦、魁小麦、农林26、软秆洋麦、苏麦2号和武农6号,其中剑子麦、软秆洋麦、苏麦2号和Grandin连续4年抗性与苏麦3号相当。对抗性种质携带的抗赤霉病基因/位点进行分析发现,浩麦1号、冀师7225-28、南农13Y110、石优17和武农6号不携带任何已知抗赤霉病基因/QTL,为小麦抗赤霉病研究和品种培育提供了新的种质资源和理论依据。     

Modeling the effects of a Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) on the apoptosis pathway

Background  

The lack of detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of many biowarfare agents poses an immediate challenge to biodefense efforts. Many potential bioweapons have been shown to affect the cellular pathways controlling apoptosis [1–4]. For example, pathogen-produced exotoxins such as Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) and Anthrax Lethal Factor (LF) have been shown to disrupt the Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway [2, 4]. To evaluate how these agents affect these pathways it is first necessary to understand the dynamics of a normally functioning apoptosis network. This can then serve as a baseline against which a pathogen perturbed system can be compared. Such comparisons can expose both the proteins most susceptible to alteration by the agent as well as the most critical reaction rates to better instill control on a biological network.