全文获取类型
收费全文 | 38856篇 |
免费 | 3001篇 |
国内免费 | 2895篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 65篇 |
2023年 | 443篇 |
2022年 | 1015篇 |
2021年 | 2155篇 |
2020年 | 1361篇 |
2019年 | 1728篇 |
2018年 | 1730篇 |
2017年 | 1177篇 |
2016年 | 1651篇 |
2015年 | 2406篇 |
2014年 | 2843篇 |
2013年 | 3082篇 |
2012年 | 3589篇 |
2011年 | 3175篇 |
2010年 | 1994篇 |
2009年 | 1622篇 |
2008年 | 1973篇 |
2007年 | 1723篇 |
2006年 | 1592篇 |
2005年 | 1291篇 |
2004年 | 1056篇 |
2003年 | 910篇 |
2002年 | 760篇 |
2001年 | 667篇 |
2000年 | 593篇 |
1999年 | 630篇 |
1998年 | 352篇 |
1997年 | 365篇 |
1996年 | 346篇 |
1995年 | 321篇 |
1994年 | 334篇 |
1993年 | 264篇 |
1992年 | 311篇 |
1991年 | 242篇 |
1990年 | 213篇 |
1989年 | 189篇 |
1988年 | 128篇 |
1987年 | 101篇 |
1986年 | 92篇 |
1985年 | 86篇 |
1984年 | 59篇 |
1983年 | 53篇 |
1982年 | 34篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
Haiyan Liu Lihong Li Lixian Zhou Yan Xu 《Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology》2013,43(8):725-733
AbstractThe hydrolysates of soy protein and milk protein are nutritional and functional food ingredients. Aspergillus pseudoglaucus aspergillopepsin I (App) is an acidic protease, including signal peptide, propeptide, and catalytic domain. Here, we cloned the catalytic domain App with or without propeptide in Escherichia coli. The results showed that the App without propeptide was not expressed or did not exhibit activity and App with propeptide (proApp) was highly expressed with a specific activity of 903?U/mg. Moreover, the denaturation temperature of proApp was 4.1?°C higher than App’s. The proApp showed 104?U/mg and 252?U/mg hydrolysis activities towards soy protein and milk protein under acidic conditions. By RP-HPLC analysis, the peptides obtained from the hydrolysates of soy protein and milk protein were hydrophilic peptides. This work first demonstrates efficient proteolysis of soy protein and milk protein through the functional expression of full-length proApp, which will likely have valuable industrial applications. 相似文献
942.
943.
Qingye Ou Jian’an He Chunqiao Liu Lei Shi Chunzhong Zhao Yungqing Xu Dayong Gu 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2013,18(5):1031-1037
The aim of this study was to construct a gene chip system based on a surface plasmon resonance technique, where peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers are used as probes. Since the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) technology offers good control at the molecular level, we prepared 2D surface chemistry via SAM for probe attachments. PNA, which was designed according to the bioinformatics, was immobilized on the SAM-modified chip, and subsequently, relevant parameters of the experiment were ensured and optimized. Our results suggest that the ion strength and pH value of the buffer solution do not play significant roles in PNA or its complementary strand hybridization. The PNA probe binds to its complementary nucleic acid strand with a higher sensitivity and specificity compared to those of a traditional DNA probe. The PNA probe combined with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology has the benefits of being a label-free and in-real time monitor, as well as having improved hybridization and stability efficiency, which highlight the PNA gene chip detection system as a promising biosensor for clinical applications. 相似文献
944.
Mei Ling Xu Hyoung Jin Kim Don Yong Chang Hong-Jin Kim 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2013,51(3):389-393
Acidic protein levels in the milk decrease markedly as lactation progresses, suggesting that it is an important part of the colostrum. However, little attention has been paid to their biological function. In this study, we isolated the acidic protein fraction of bovine colostrum (AFC, isoelectric point <5) by anion-exchange chromatography, and investigated the effect of its dietary intake on influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. 100% of mice infected with 1 LD50 of the virus survived when administered AFC for 14 days prior to infection, compared with 33% survival when administered phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, consumption of AFC reduced the weight loss associated with infection. We propose that dietary intake of AFC has a prophylactic effect on influenza A virus infection. 相似文献
945.
946.
Xiaolei Zhu Lan Ye Huiming Ge Ling Chen Nan Jiang Lai Qian Lingling Li Rong Liu Shen Ji Su Zhang Jiali Jin Dening Guan Wei Fang Renxiang Tan Yun Xu 《Aging cell》2013,12(1):85-92
Increasing evidence demonstrates that amyloid beta (Aβ) elicits mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Identification of the molecules targeting Aβ is thus of particular significance in the treatment of AD. Hopeahainol A (HopA), a polyphenol with a novel skeleton obtained from Hopea hainanensis, is potentially acetylcholinesterase‐inhibitory and anti‐oxidative in H2O2‐treated PC12 cells. In this study, we reported that HopA might bind to Aβ1–42 directly and inhibit the Aβ1–42 aggregation using a combination of molecular dynamics simulation, binding assay, transmission electron microscopic analysis and staining technique. We also demonstrated that HopA decreased the interaction between Aβ1–42 and Aβ‐binding alcohol dehydrogenase, which in turn reduced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. In addition, HopA was able to rescue the long‐term potentiation induction by protecting synaptic function and attenuate memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Our data suggest that HopA might be a promising drug for therapeutic intervention in AD. 相似文献
947.
948.
Fengzhao Yang Zhancheng Xu Jinjie Wang Feng Zan Chaoqing Dong Jicun Ren 《Luminescence》2013,28(3):392-400
In this study, we report for the first time a one‐pot approach for the synthesis of new CdSeTeS quaternary‐alloyed quantum dots (QDs) in aqueous phase by microwave irradiation. CdCl2 was used as a Cd precursor during synthesis, NaHTe and NaHSe were used as Te and Se precursors and mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) was used as a stabilizer and source of sulfur. A series of quaternary‐alloyed QDs of different sizes were prepared. CdSeTeS QDs exhibited a wide emission range from 549 to 709 nm and high quantum yield (QY) up to 57.7 %. Most importantly, the quaternary‐alloyed QDs possessed significantly long fluorescence lifetimes > 100 ns as well as excellent photostability. Results of high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy showed that the nanocrystals possessed a quaternary alloy structure with good crystallinity. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) showed that QDs possessed good water solubility and monodispersity in aqueous solution. Furthermore, CdSeTeS QDs were modified with alpha‐thio‐omega‐carboxy poly(ethylene glycol) (HS‐PEG‐COOH) and the modified QDs were linked to anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies. QDs with the EGFR antibodies as labeling probes were successfully applied to targeted imaging for EGFR on the surface of SiHa cervical cancer cells. We believe that CdSeTeS QDs can become useful probes for in vivo targeted imaging and clinical diagnosis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
949.
Wei Chen Michael T. Flavin Robert Filler Ze-Qi Xu 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(11-12):1771-1778
Abstract Unprotected adenine, 6-chloropurine, 2.6-diaminopurine. and 2-amino-6-chluropurine have been directly coupled with 2-(diethoxyphosphonomethoxy)ethanol under Mitsunobu reaction conditions to provide acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogues which are intermediates for antiviral agents such as PMEA. 相似文献
950.
Zai-Wan Yang Zu-Sheng Xu Nan-Zhen Shen Zhi-Qiang Fang 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(1-2):167-173
Abstract In the present paper we describe the preparation of a novel crystalline phosphonylating agent 9-fluorenemethyl phosphonic acid 2 and a convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of nucleoside H-phosphonates 5. 相似文献