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941.
942.
Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯抑制吗啡镇痛耐受大鼠中脑和脊髓一氧化氮合酶/N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体表达上调 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用热甩尾测痛法观察全身应用非特异性一氧化氮合酶(nitric oxide synthase,NOS)抑制剂——N^ω-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)对吗啡镇痛耐受形成的影响,并通过观察脊髓和中脑神经元型NOS(nNOS)和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体亚单位表达的变化来阐释NO/NMDA受体在吗啡镇痛耐受形成中的作用。将36只健康成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠平均分为6组(每组6只):1组为对照组,皮下注射生理盐水1ml;2、3、4、5和6组为处理组,分别皮下注射L-NAME10mg/kg、L-NAME20mg/kg、吗啡10mg/kg、L-NAME10mg/kg+吗啡10mg/kg、L-NAME20mg/kg+吗啡10mg/kg,每天2次。在注射前测量大鼠的热甩尾潜伏期(tail-flick latency,TFL)基础值,随后每天第一次给药50min后测量其TFL。第8天最后一次给药80min后(除2组和5组之外)断头取脊髓和中脑,采用RT-PCR技术测量nNOS以及NMDA受体1A(NR1A)和2A(NR2A)亚单位的表达。结果显示,2组大鼠第1天至第7天的TFL与基础值相比无显著差异;3组第7天时的TFL仍显著高于基础值;4组的TFL在第1天时最高,第2至第6天期间逐渐降低,第6天时与基础值相比无显著差异:5组的TFL在实验过程中呈下降趋势,虽然第7天时较第1天有所降低,但是仍然显著高于基础值;6组的TFL变化趋势与5组相同。PT—PCR分析结果显示,与1组相比,3组脊髓和中脑的nNOS mRNA表达显著降低,但NR1A mRNA和NR2A mRNA表达无显著改变;4组的nNOS mRNA、NR1A mRNA和NR2A mRNA表达均显著高于1组。与4组相比,6组的nNOS mRNA、NR1A mRNA和NR2A mRNA表达均显著降低。结果提示,吗啡镇痛耐受大鼠脊髓和中脑的nNOS和NMDA受体表达增加,联合应用L—NAME可抑制长期应用吗啡所致的nNOS表达增加和NMDA受体上调,延缓吗啡镇痛耐受的形成。本研究结果提示,脊髓和中脑的NO/NMDA受体与吗啡镇痛耐受形成密切相关。 相似文献
943.
The synaptic SNARE complex is a highly stable four-helix bundle that links the vesicle and plasma membranes and plays an essential role in the Ca(2+)-triggered release of neurotransmitters and hormones. An understanding has yet to be achieved of how this complex assembles and undergoes structural transitions during exocytosis. To investigate this question, we have mutated residues within the hydrophobic core of the SNARE complex along the entire length of all four chains and examined the consequences using amperometry to measure fusion pore opening and dilation. Mutations throughout the SNARE complex reduced two distinct rate processes before fusion pore opening to different degrees. These results suggest that two distinct, fully assembled conformations of the SNARE complex drive transitions leading to open fusion pores. In contrast, a smaller number of mutations that were scattered through the SNARE complex but were somewhat concentrated in the membrane-distal half stabilized open fusion pores. These results suggest that a structural transition within a partially disassembled complex drives the dilation of open fusion pores. The dependence of these three rate processes on position within the SNARE complex does not support vectorial SNARE complex zipping during exocytosis. 相似文献
944.
Xue Qiang Liang Bing Wang Hui-yun Liu Lei 《Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology》2006,20(2):97-104
An understanding of the dynamic behavior of trace elements leaching from coal mine spoil is important in predicting the groundwater quality. The relationship between trace element concentrations and leaching times, pH values of the media is studied. Column leaching tests conducted in the laboratory showed that there was a close correlation between pH value and trace element concentrations. The longer the leaching time, the higher the trace element concentrations. Different trace elements are differently affected by pH values of leaching media. A numerical model for water flow and trace element transport has been developed based on analyzing the characteristics of migration and transformation of trace elements leached from coal mine spoil. Solutions to the coupled model are accomplished by Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint method. Numerical simulation shows that rainfall intensity determined maximum leaching depth. As rainfall intensity is 3.6ml/s, the outflow concentrations indicate a breakthrough of trace elements beyond the column base, with peak concentration at 90cm depth. And the subsurface pollution range has a trend of increase with time. The model simulations are compared to experimental results of trace element concentrations, with reasonable agreement between them. The analysis and modeling of trace elements suggested that the infiltration of rainwater through the mine spoil might lead to potential groundwater pollution. It provides theoretical evidence for quantitative assessment soil-water quality of trace element transport on environment pollution. 相似文献
945.
Serine carboxypeptidases (SCPs) comprise a large family of protein hydrolyzing enzymes and have roles ranging from protein
turnover and C-terminal processing to wound responses and xenobiotic metabolism. The proteins can be classified into three
groups, namely carboxypeptidase I, II and III, based on their coding protein sequences and the fact that each family is characterized
by a central catalytic domain of unique topology designated as the “α/β hydrolase fold”. The available SCP protein sequences
have been utilized as datasets to build a HMM (hidden Markov model) profile, which is used to search the rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) proteome. A total of 71 SCP and serine carboxypeptidase-like (SCPL) protein-coding genes exist in rice. The intron-exon
structure, chromosome localization, expression and characteristics of encoded protein sequences of the 71 putative genes are
reviewed. 相似文献
946.
947.
通过设计并化学合成人端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT)特异性siRNA,观察其对hTERT表达水平及肿瘤细胞生长的影响。将hTERT-siRNA以脂质体法转染入HeLa细胞,应用RT-PCR、实时定量TRAP、Western印迹、软琼脂克隆形成实验、荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤内注射等方法检测细胞内hTERTmRNA、蛋白质表达水平及对肿瘤细胞生长的影响。RT-PCR、实时定量TRAP和Western印迹的结果显示hTERT-siRNA明显降低了HeLa细胞内hTERT的mRNA及蛋白质表达水平并伴随有端粒酶活性的下降。克隆形成实验表明hTERT-siRNA组的体外肿瘤形成能力受到抑制。荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤内注射hTERT-siRNA使肿瘤平均体积显著小于对照组。TUNEL凋亡检测表明hTERT-siRNA转染组的凋亡率明显高于对照组。研究表明hTERT特异性siRNA可以明显抑制HeLa细胞内hTERT的表达水平,对其生长有明显抑制作用,是一种有前途的肿瘤治疗新方法。 相似文献
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950.