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121.
Identification and sequence analysis of two thaumatin‐like protein (TmTLP) genes from Tenebrio molitor
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Thaumatin‐like proteins (TLPs) share structural similarity with the sweet‐tasting thaumatin protein but exhibit antifungal activity by inhibiting growth of fungal pathogens. In a Tenebrio model, two TLP genes were identified by RNA‐sequencing analysis and genome sequencing. Both TmTLP1 and TmTLP2 genes contain 729 nucleotide sequences encoding 242 amino acid residues, including an initiation codon (ATG) and a termination codon (TAA). Interestingly, TmTLPs are proteins with 14 central cysteine residues that may have an important role in structure formation. These data will be used to characterize the innate immune functions of TmTLPs in Tenebrio molitor. 相似文献
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Synthesis and Application of C2 and C3 Symmetric (R)‐Phenylglycinol‐Derived Chiral Stationary Phases
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A C3 symmetric (R)‐phenylglycinol N‐1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid‐derived chiral stationary phase (CSP) and three C2 symmetric (R)‐phenylglycinol CSPs were newly synthesized using o‐, m‐, and p‐phthaloyl dichlorides. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. These CSPs were used to compare the resolution of 25 chiral samples using a previously reported 3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl (R)‐phenylglycinol‐derived CSP. Even though all CSPs have the same chiral moiety, the C3 symmetric CSP showed the best resolution. Chirality 28:186–191, 2016.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
125.
The objectives of this study were to test the effects of light on melatonin rhythms in the pineal gland and gut of goldfish Carassius auratus and to investigate whether melatonin function differed in these two tissues, which are photosensitive and non-photosensitive respectively. Rhythms were evaluated by measuring arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT2) and melatonin receptor 1 (MT-R1) mRNA expression and melatonin concentration in the pineal gland, gut (in vivo), and cell cultures of the two tissues (in vitro). Compared to control, pineal gland melatonin secretion was higher at night, whereas the 24-h dark and ophthalmectomy groups maintained higher AANAT2 and MT-R1 mRNA expression during the day. Melatonin levels and AANAT2 and MT-R1 mRNA expression in the gut were also the highest at night, but the 24-h light, dark, and ophthalmectomy groups did not significantly differ from control. Furthermore, we measured AANAT2 and MT-R1 mRNA expression in high temperature water (30 °C) to investigate differences in the antioxidant capacity of pineal gland vs. gut melatonin. Melatonin and H2O2 levels, as well as AANAT2 and MT-R1 mRNA expression, were all higher in the two tissues under thermal stress, compared with their levels at 22 °C. Taken together, our results suggest that light has no effect on melatonin patterns in the gut, which appears to exhibit its own circadian rhythm, but both gut and pineal gland melatonin exhibit similar antioxidant function. 相似文献
126.
Yang Gao Jie Mi Chang‐Long Zhang Xiao‐Qing Zhang Ya‐Jie Peng He Bao Hai‐Long Zhang 《化学与生物多样性》2019,16(1)
Continually phytochemical study of the roots of Heracleum dissectum had led to the isolation of three previously undescribed polyacetylene glycosides ( 1 – 3 ), together with seven known compounds, including one polyacetylene ( 8 ) and six coumarins ( 4 – 7 and 9 – 10 ) using diverse chromatographic methods. The structures of these three new compounds were characterized and identified as deca‐4,6‐diyn‐1‐yl β‐d ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 1 ), (8Z)‐dec‐8‐ene‐4,6‐diyn‐1‐yl β‐d ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 2 ), and (8E)‐dec‐8‐ene‐4,6‐diyn‐1‐yl β‐d ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside ( 3 ) based on their physicochemical properties and extensive analyses of various spectroscopic data. Their triglycerides accumulating activities were assayed and the results showed that the three new polyacetylene glycosides ( 1 – 3 ) exhibited triglyceride accumulating activities in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. 相似文献
127.
Shangcong Sun Guoqiang Shen Jiawei Jiang Wenbo Mi Xianlong Liu Lun Pan Xiangwen Zhang Ji‐Jun Zou 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(30)
Solar‐driven water splitting is in urgent need for sustainable energy research, for which accelerating oxygen evolution kinetics along with charge migration is the key issue. Herein, Mn3+ within π‐conjugated carbon nitride (C3N4) in form of Mn–N–C motifs is coordinated. The spin state (eg orbital filling) of Mn centers is regulated by controlling the bond strength of Mn–N. It is demonstrated that Mn serves as intrinsic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) site and the kinetics is dependent on its spin state with an optimized eg occupancy of ≈0.95. Specifically, the governing role of eg occupancy originates from the varied binding strength between Mn and OER intermediates. Benefiting from the rapid spin state‐mediated OER kinetics, as well as extended optical absorption (to 600 nm) and accelerated charge separation by intercalated metal‐to‐ligand state, Mn–C3N4 stoichiometrically splits pure water with H2 production rate up to 695.1 µmol g?1 h?1 under simulated sunlight irradiation (AM1.5), and achieves an apparent quantum efficiency of 4.0% at 420 nm, superior to most solid‐state based photocatalysts to date. This work for the first time correlates photocatalytic redox kinetics with the spin state of active sites, and suggests a nexus between photocatalysis and spin theory. 相似文献
128.
Kang Huang Pei Zhang Derek W. Dunn Tongcheng Wang Rui Mi Baoguo Li 《Molecular ecology resources》2019,19(5):1240-1253
Duplicated loci, for example those associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, often have similar DNA sequences that can be coamplified with a pair of primers. This results in genotyping difficulties and inaccurate analyses. Here, we present a method to assign alleles to different loci in amplifications of duplicated loci. This method simultaneously considers several factors that may each affect correct allele assignment. These are the sharing of identical alleles among loci, null alleles, copy number variation, negative amplification, heterozygote excess or heterozygote deficiency, and linkage disequilibrium. The possible multilocus genotypes are extracted from the alleles for each individual and weighted to estimate the allele frequencies. The likelihood of an allele configuration is calculated and is optimized with a heuristic algorithm. Monte‐Carlo simulations and three empirical MHC data sets are used as examples to evaluate the efficacy of our method under different conditions. Our new software, mhc‐typer V1.1, is freely available at https://github.com/huangkang1987/mhc-typer . 相似文献
129.
Cho Bumrae Lee Eun-Jin Ahn Sun Mi Kim Ghangyong Lee Sang Hoon Ji Dal-Young Kang Jung-Taek 《Transgenic research》2019,28(5-6):549-559
Transgenic Research - Islet xenotransplantation is a promising treatment for type I diabetes. Numerous studies of islet xenotransplantation have used pig-to-nonhuman primate transplantation models.... 相似文献
130.
Brucella melitensis infection causes acute necrotizing inflammation in pregnant animals; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to placentitis are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) acts as a mediator of placenta inflammation in B. melitensis‐infected pregnant mice model. HMGB1 levels were increased in trophoblasts or placental explant during B. melitensis infection. Inhibition of HMGB1 activity with neutralising antibody significantly reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in B. melitensis‐infected trophoblasts or placenta, whereas administration of recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) increased the inflammatory response. Mechanistically, this decreased inflammatory response results from inhibition of HMGB1 activity, which cause the suppression of both mitogen‐activated protein kinases and nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) activation. Moreover, neutralising antibody to HMGB1 prevented B. melitensis infection‐induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in trophoblasts. In contrast, in vitro stimulation of trophoblasts with rHMGB1 caused activation of NADPH oxidase and increased the production of ROS, which contributes to high bacterial burden within trophoblasts or placenta. In vivo, treatment with anti‐HMGB1 antibody increases the number of Brucella survival within placenta in B. melitensis‐infected pregnant mice but successfully reduced the severity of placentitis and abortion. 相似文献