果胶酶高产菌株的紫外线及硫酸二乙酯的诱变育种

以HDYM-02为出发菌株,用紫外线及硫酸二乙酯进行诱变,从大量突变株中进行筛选,选育出2株产果胶酶性质稳定且酶活明显提高的突变株UV-21和DES-1,株相比其产酶期提前,前者在24h时的酶活力为出发菌株的1．6倍,后者在12h的酶活力为出发菌株的1．44倍。     

巢蛋白基因沉默通过激活细胞周期依赖性激酶（cdk5）促进大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞C6的迁移和增殖

中间纤维蛋白巢蛋白(nestin)在各种胚胎前体细胞及成熟组织中均有表达.近年一些研究显示,巢蛋白的表达上调和一些恶性肿瘤的病理特征有相关性.但是,巢蛋白在干细胞分化及肿瘤发生中的作用还不为人知.在本研究中,我们运用短发卡状的RNA为工具,以大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞系C6为模型,对巢蛋白的功能进行了研究.划痕实验和迁移实验的结果均显示,巢蛋白基因沉默可以促进C6细胞的迁移.同时,BrdU渗入实验显示,此过程伴随着细胞增殖的增加.进一步研究显示,细胞周期依赖性激酶cdk5的活性在此过程中有显著的增加.此外,巢蛋白基因沉默所引起的迁移改变可以被cdk5特异性抑制剂roscovitine所回复, 而对细胞增殖则没有显著影响.综上所述,本研究揭示了巢蛋白基因沉默与神经胶质瘤细胞的迁移和增殖相关,而cdk5是此过程的重要调节因子.     

瑞舒伐他汀对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化中调节性T细胞的影响

目的：探讨瑞舒伐他汀对载脂蛋白E基因敲除（ApoEKO）小鼠动脉粥样硬化中调节性T细胞的影响。方法：首先将30只ApoEKO小鼠建立动脉粥样硬化模型,随机分为高胆固醇饮食组（对照组）、瑞舒伐他汀低剂量组和瑞舒伐他汀高剂量组,各组分别给予蒸馏水或瑞舒伐他汀进行干预8周;将主动脉根部行冰冻切片油红染色,评估粥样硬化斑块面积大小;免疫组织化学法检测主动脉根部粥样硬化斑块处调节性T细胞（Treg）的表达。结果：各组小鼠均有动脉粥样硬化斑块形成,采用瑞舒伐他汀治疗的小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的面积明显小于未经治疗的小鼠（P〈0.01）,同时瑞舒伐他汀能明显增加粥样硬化病变处调节性T细胞的表达,且呈现剂效关系。结论：本实验观察到瑞舒伐他汀不仅能减小ApoEKO小鼠的主动脉粥样硬化斑块,且能使调节性T细胞的表达增多,推测瑞舒伐他汀可以通过促进调节性T细胞的生成而起到抑制动脉粥样硬化的作用。     

我国人粒细胞无形体病的研究进展

人粒细胞无形体病是由嗜吞噬细胞无形体引起的一种经蜱传播的人畜共患病。近年来,在美国、欧洲、非洲等地均有相关病例报道,我国也有病例发现。该病主要引起发热,血小板减少,严重可引起多脏器损害,甚至死亡。因此日益受到研究者们的关注与重视。本文分别从HGA的发现,临床特点,治疗,预防等方面介绍人粒细胞无形体病的研究进展。     

小鼠Daintain/AIF-1 基因启动子的克隆及其荧光素酶报告基因 载体的构建

目的:对Daintain/AIF-1(大炎肽/同种异体移植炎症因子-1)基因启动子进行克隆并构建荧光素酶报告基因载体,为进一步研究Daintain/AIF-1的转录调控作用提供了质粒资源。方法:提取单核巨噬细胞系RAW264.7基因组DNA,以其为模板采用PCR方法克隆出Daintain/AIF-1基因5’端UTR区1.6 kb DNA序列,将该序列同源重组到pGL3-Basic载体上,转化感受态DH5α并酶切鉴定和测序。结果:PCR产物片段与预期结果一致,Daintain/AIF-1基因5’端UTR区1.6 kb DNA序列连接到pGL3-Basic载体上,构建成pGL3-Basic-Daintain/AIF-1(pGL3-Basic-DT)载体,酶切结果与理论预测值一致,经测序证实无碱基突变。结论:Daintain/AIF-1基因报告基因载体的构建为进一步研究Daintain/AIF-1转录调控作用提供了载体资源。     

电磁场的应用与研究进展

随着生物医学工程学发展,物理疗法已经成为当前疾病治疗一个重要手段,因此电磁场治疗及生物电磁的研究成为当前热点。特别是在骨病等相关领域的研究,研究发现电磁场能有效的治疗和预防骨质疏松症。因此本文就电磁场治疗以及机理研究方面进行综述。     

Vitamin D sensitizes breast cancer cells to the action of H2O2: mitochondria as a convergence point in the death pathway

Calcitriol, the hormonal form of vitamin D3, sensitizes breast cancer cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cytotoxicity induced by various anticancer modalities. This effect could be due to increased generation of ROS and/ or to increased sensitivity of the target cells to ROS. This work examined the effect of calcitriol on the damage inflicted on breast cancer cells by the direct action of ROS represented by H2O2. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with H2O2 resulted in activation of caspase 7 as well as induction of caspase-independent cell death. Both were enhanced by 48-72 h of pretreatment with calcitriol. This effect was not due to modulation of H2O2 degradation or to a specific effect on *OH-mediated cytotoxicity. The H2O2-induced drop in mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c were enhanced by calcitriol. These findings indicate that calcitriol sensitizes breast cancer cells to ROS-induced death by affecting event(s) common to both caspase-dependent and -independent modes of cell death upstream to mitochondrial damage.     

假单胞菌M18调控因子GacA与RsmA的相关性及对抗生物质合成代谢调控机制的分析

假单胞菌M18是一株可同时合成并分泌吩嗪-1-羧酸(Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid,PCA)和藤黄绿脓菌素(Pyoluteorin,Plt)两种抗生物质的生防菌株。为了进一步研究假单胞菌M18抗生物质合成代谢的调控方式与机制,在分别构建gacAr、smA等单基因突变株基础上,又构建了gacArsmA双基因突变株M18GR以及gacA′-l′acZ和rsmA′-′lacZ等翻译融合表达载体(pMEGA和pMERA)。通过在PPM和KMB两种培养基中发酵培养和两种抗生物质PCA和Plt的HPLC定量测定显示,双突变株M18GR的PCA和Plt的合成量不论在PPM还是在KMB培养基中都介于单突变株M18G和M18R之间。由实验结果分析推测,两种调控因子对抗生物质合成的调控作用不是发生在转录水平,很可能发生在转录后水平。由β-半乳糖苷酶的定量分析表明,在假单胞菌M18中,两种调控因子不存在自诱导机制;虽然GacA未调控RsmA的合成,但RsmA可能部分正向调控GacA的表达。     

血液磁极化疗法对糖尿病兔胰岛功能的影响

目的观察血液磁极化疗法(简称血磁治疗)对糖尿病(DM)的治疗效果和对胰岛功能的影响。方法制备了四氧嘧啶DM兔模型20只,随机分为两组,即DM模型血磁治疗组及DM模型未治疗组,同时设立正常对照组10只,分别测定治疗前后空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胰岛素(INS)及C-肽(C-P),并于观察期结束后处死动物取胰腺组织常规石蜡包埋切片,行HE及Mallory三色法特殊染色观察3组胰岛形态学变化。结果血磁治疗显著降低DM兔的FPG(P<0.001)。DM治疗组INS及C-P水平较治疗前明显升高(P<0.01),与未治疗组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。胰岛病理改变可见治疗组β细胞数量明显多于DM未治疗组,提示血磁疗法具有促进胰岛修复,改善胰岛功能的作用。结论血磁疗法能够促进DM时受损胰岛组织的修复,改善胰岛β细胞分泌功能,降血糖作用明显。     

Female moths of cotton bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) captured by waterbasin traps baited with synthetic female sex pheromone

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important pest insects in cotton fields in China. Female moths were captured by waterbasin traps with a synthetic female sex pheromone blend in cotton fields over three years. The blend contained (Z)‐11‐hexadecenal and (Z)‐9‐hexadecenal with a ratio of 97:3. Each pheromone dispenser was impregnated with 2.0 mg of pheromone blend and 0.2 mg of antioxidant dissolved with 0.1 mL of hexane, and there was a control dispenser with a similar amount of antioxidant and solvent only. Waterbasin traps were deployed in three configurations in the fields. ‘A’ was pheromone traps only, ‘B’ was both pheromone and control traps, ‘C’ was control traps only. (i) In four plots of ‘A’, the average weekly female catch was 1.5, and more females were captured by centrally located pheromone traps, (ii) In three plots of ‘Brsquo;, control traps also captured female as well as male moths, but average weekly female catches of control traps was significantly lower than that in pheromone‐baited traps. (iii) There were significant linear relationships between the average weekly female catch and the corresponding layer in pheromone‐baited traps in both ‘A’ and ‘B’ plots, and in quadratic equations in control in ‘B’ plots. (iv) With the increase of the interval of traps, average weekly female catches per trap increased but average weekly female catches per hectare decreased. (v) Among the female moths captured by pheromone traps, 88.3% were mated female moths which each containing 1.46 spermatophores, while in control traps 86.9% of the mated female moths had 0.90 spermatophores. There was a significant difference between the average numbers of spermatophores of mated females in pheromone traps and in controls.