兼具SOD和GPX活力的双功能酶的制备及性质研究

用苯甲基磺酰氟（ＰＭＳＦ）和Ｈ_２Ｓｅ相继处理铜锌超氧化物岐化酶（Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ）,将酶分子中的丝氨酸（Ｓｅｒ）转化为硒代半胱氨酸（ＳｅＣｙｓ）,从而引入了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＰＸ）的催化基团,使其在ＳＯＤ酶活性大部分保留的情况下,具有ＧＰＸ活性,其ＧＰＸ活力是ＰＺ５１活力的３０倍。研究了双功能酶的最佳制备条件,包括ＰＭＳＦ的剂量、反应最适温度及Ｈ_２Ｓｅ处理时间等,并用电子能谱、ＤＴＮＢ等方法测定了双功能酶的硒含量;测定了双功能酶对不同底物的米氏常数及双功能酶的荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱及稳定性。     

新疆六个民族指纹白线的调查研究The hand Print of Six Nationalities in Xinjiang

本文首次报道了新家6各民族6134人（南3181人、女2953人）的指纹白线出现频率。结果表明,白线频率女高于男,民族间亦有差异,其中维吾尔、哈萨克、鸟孜别克族频率接近。塔吉克族居住高寒高原地区,属白色人种,频率明显低于以上3个民族,锡伯族和汉族生活习惯近似,且高于以上4个民族,作者认为,白线出现频率的高低与种族、性别、年龄和群体生长环境及生活习惯有关。We’ve studied 6134 individuals (male 3181, fimale 2953) of six nationalities in Xinjiang.The result is that the white line of hand print is associated with rae,sex,age,grow environments of groups and life habbits.The ifference of races is:The appearant rates of white line of Weivuerite,Hasakese and Wuzibese are near,Tajike’s rate is lower than xiboman’s and han are higher than others.     

RFLP tagging of a new semidwarfing gene in rice

A new rice semidwarfing gene which is not allelic tosd1, temporarily designated assdg, might be of use as a new source of semidwarfism in rice breeding programs. We report here the identification of a DNA marker closely linked to this gene. The DNA marker was identified by testing 120 mapped rice RFLP makers as hybridization probes for Southern analysis of a pair of nearly isogenic lines with or withoutsdg. Linkage association of the marker with the gene was verified using a F₂ population segregating for semidwarfism. RFLP analysis showed thatsdg is closely linked to a single-copy DNA clone RZ182 on chromosome 5, with a distance of 4.3 centiMorgans between them. This marker may facilitate early selection for the semidwarfing gene in rice breeding programs     

Hypomethylated sequences: Characterization of the duplicate soybean genome

Soybean is believed to be a diploidized tetraploid generated from an allotetraploid ancestor. In this study, we used hypomethylated genomic DNA as a source of probes to investigate the genomic structure and methylation patterns of duplicated sequences. Forty-five genomic clones from Phaseolus vulgaris and 664 genomic clones from Glycine max were used to examine the duplicated regions in the soybean genome. Southern analysis of genomic DNA using probes from both sources revealed that greater than 15% of the hypomethylated genomic regions were only present once in the soybean genome. The remaining ca. 85% of the hypomethylated regions comprise duplicated or middle repetitive DNA sequences. If only the ratio of single to duplicate probe patterns is considered, it appears that 25% of the single-copy sequences have been lost. By using a subset of probes that only detected duplicated sequences, we examined the methylation status of the homeologous genomes with the restriction enzymes MspI and HpaII. We found that in all cases both copies of these regions were hypomethylated, although there were examples of low-level methylation. It appears that duplicate sequences are being eliminated in the diploidization process. Our data reveal no evidence that duplicated sequences are being silenced by inactivation correlated with methylation patterns.     

Intracellular transport of newly synthesized varicella-zoster virus: final envelopment in the trans-Golgi network.

The maturation and envelopment of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was studied in infected human embryonic lung fibroblasts. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that nucleocapsids acquire an envelope from the inner nuclear membrane as they enter the perinuclear-cisterna-rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Tegument is not detectable in these virions; moreover, in contrast to the mature VZV envelope, the envelope of VZV in the RER is not radioautographically labeled in pulse-chase experiments with [3H]mannose, and it lacks gpI immunoreactivity and complex oligosaccharides. This primary envelope fuses with the RER membrane (detected in cells incubated at 20 degrees C), thereby releasing nucleocapsids to the cytosol. Viral glycoproteins, traced by transmission electron microscopy radioautography in pulse-chase experiments with [3H]mannose, are transported to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) by a pathway that runs from the RER through an intermediate compartment and the Golgi stack. At later chase intervals, [3H]mannose labeling becomes associated with enveloped virions in post-Golgi locations (prelysosomes and plasma membrane). Nucleocapsids appear to be enveloped by wrapping in specialized cisternae, identified as the TGN with specific markers. Tegument-like material adheres to the cytosolic face of the concave surface of TGN sacs; nucleocapsids adhere to this protein, which is thus trapped between the nucleocapsid and the TGN-derived membrane that wraps around it. Experiments with brefeldin A suggest that tegument may bind to the cytosolic tails of viral glycoproteins. Fusion and fission convert the TGN-derived wrapping sacs into an inner enveloped virion and an outer transport vesicle that carries newly enveloped virions to cytoplasmic vacuoles. These vacuoles are acidic and were identified as prelysosomes. It is postulated that secreted virions are partially degraded by their exposure to the prelysosomal internal milieu and rendered noninfectious. This process explains the cell-associated nature of VZV in vitro; however, the mechanism by which the virus escapes diversion from the secretory pathway to the lysosomal pathway in vivo remains to be determined.     

湘北烟区烟青虫发生情况研究

烟青虫在湘北烟区1年发生5代,第一至四代危害烟草,第五代在其他作物上取食。自然条件下,世代重叠比较明显,幼虫发生与危害最大的是第一代,危害时期是5月下旬至6月下旬,同时,还得出了烟青虫各代的发生期、历期及其发育起点温度和有效积温。     

野生大豆种子蛋白含量差异的生理及结构基础的探讨

利用ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、电子显微镜、蛋白及酰脲含量测定等技术,对高蛋白含量（５０．７％ ）的５０３５９ 和低蛋白含量（４０．８％ ）的５０３０５ 两个野生大豆在种子发育过程中贮藏蛋白积累的速率、蛋白组分合成的起始时间、蛋白体发育的进程以及幼茎的酰脲含量进行了比较研究。结果表明：野生大豆５０３５９的高蛋白含量是与其种子发育过程中较高的植株酰脲含量、较早较快的贮藏蛋白合成及积累速率,液泡中高效的蛋白贮藏方式以及蛋白体在子叶细胞中占有较大体积相联系的     

油菜素内酯促进绿豆上胚轴伸长与蛋白质和核酸合成的关系

用饲喂蛋白质和核酸合成的放射性前体［３ Ｈ］－Ｐｈｅ、［３ Ｈ］－尿嘧啶和［３ Ｈ］－胸腺嘧啶证实了油菜素内酯（ＢＲ）能促进绿豆上胚轴的生长和蛋白质、ＲＮＡ 及ＤＮＡ 的合成。用蛋白质和核酸合成抑制剂（ＣＨ、Ａｃｔ．Ｄ、５－Ｆｕ）进一步探讨它们对上胚轴伸长的抑制作用与蛋白质、ＲＮＡ、ＤＮＡ 和ｍ ＲＮＡ 合成之间的关系。证明了上胚轴的伸长依赖于蛋白质和核酸的合成,尤其是依赖于ｍ ＲＮＡ 的合成。说明ＢＲ是在转录水平上调节基因的表达,进而促进上胚轴的伸长