Neuroendocrine tumor of the bladder

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare and aggressive tumor associated with a poor prognosis. It often presents at a later stage than urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and comprises less than 1% of bladder malignancies. A number of treatment algorithms have been used to treat bladder SCC, including cystectomy, partial cystectomy, radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy alone, and neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy. Presented is a case of SCC of the bladder, and the epidemiology, prognosis, and current treatment algorithms for patients with bladder SCC are reviewed.     

植入物动物感染模型在葡萄球菌生物膜研究中的应用与进展

葡萄球菌生物膜引起的持续性感染及耐药性问题一直是临床治疗的难题,围绕生物膜形成分子机制的研究成为防治葡萄球菌生物膜相关感染的关键。建立葡萄球菌感染动物模型有利于研究体内生物膜形成、扩散、致病机制及药物的体内抗生物膜效果评估等。然而,动物体内生物膜形成的影响因素多,如动物种类、植入材料、接种部位、感染剂量、观察时间及评估方法等均会影响体内生物膜形成。结合本课题研究,系统地总结了近40年来葡萄球菌生物膜感染动物模型,重点综述动物模型的建立方法、适用范围及优缺点,为葡萄球菌生物膜感染的防治提供理论依据。     

Zur Kenntnis der HybridePapaver rhoeas ×dubium

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

ÜberPapaver pseudo-Haussknechtii Fedde

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation in the taxonomy of the genus Chlorella

DNA homologies of 14 strains of Chlorella protothecoides were determined. All strains are related by a high degree of DNA similarity (96–102% D) with the exception of strain 211-11 a which proved to belong to C. kessleri. There is, however, no detectable DNA homology with strains of the genus Prototheca which is supposed to have evolved from C. protothecoides by loss of photosynthetic pigments. Even within Prototheca the low degree of DNA similarity indicates a heterogeneity similar to that observed in the genus Chlorella.     

Factors determining the centrifugal organization of remnant Festuca grassland communities in Alberta

Abstract. This paper describes the species composition of remnant grasslands in the aspen parkland region of Alberta and its relation to soil characteristics and small‐scale disturbance. Our findings are consistent with the centrifugal model of communities with Festuca hallii dominating undisturbed ‘core’ habitat and the composition of more ‘peripheral’ habitats varying in soil properties and in the magnitude of disturbance. Invasive non‐native species are not present in the core habitat and are present only in the disturbed sites, most abundantly in those with the highest soil nitrogen. The centrifugal model, as it applies to these remnant grasslands, differs from its previous application to wetlands and forests in that the core communities are not on the most fertile sites, but on the least disturbed. These findings have implications for the management of prairie remnants to exclude invasive exotic species.     

长江口崇明岛周缘盐沼湿地土壤碳储量的空间格局

盐沼湿地在缓解温室效应和应对气候变化方面发挥着重要作用,是重要的"蓝碳"生态系统。储存在盐沼湿地土壤中的有机碳(SOC)是盐沼湿地碳汇的主要成分,但受植被覆盖、土壤环境等生境要素变化的显著影响。以长江口崇明岛周缘的盐沼湿地为典型研究区域,分别测量了环岛不同样线和不同植被区SOC含量及环境因子(盐度、容重、碳氮比(C/N)等),在此基础上分析了盐沼湿地SOC储量的空间分布格局及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)崇明岛周缘盐沼湿地SOC含量和储量均存在明显的空间异质性,北侧的土壤SOC含量高于南侧,东北侧的SOC储量高于西南侧区域;(2)垂直各层上,SOC含量呈现随土层深度增加逐渐减少的趋势,表层0-50 cm深度的单位面积SOC储量大于50-100 cm深度;(3)植物类型和土壤理化因素(土壤C/N、土壤盐度、土壤容重等)在一定程度上影响了崇明岛周缘盐沼湿地土壤碳储量的空间格局。研究表明,受河口区植被和土壤理化性质等多种因素空间异质性的共同影响,盐沼湿地土壤SOC储量格局也易呈现空间差异,因此在开展盐沼湿地储碳机制研究、科学评估盐沼湿地储碳能力及实现盐沼"蓝碳"固碳增汇时应充分考虑区域间的环境和生态的空间异质性特征。