Identification of core genes in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease based on mRNA‐miRNA network

Alzheimer''s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with cognitive impairment and abnormal mental behaviour. There is currently no effective cure. The development of early diagnostic markers and the mining of potential therapeutic targets are one of the important strategies. This study aimed to explore potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets related to AD in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, two brain regions highly related to AD. Differentially expressed genes and miRNAs between AD patients and healthy controls were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The mRNA‐miRNA network was constructed and key genes involved in AD were screened out by protein–protein interaction analysis, and were subsequently verified by independent datasets and qPCR in an AD mouse model. Our findings showed that six hub genes including CALN1, TRPM7, ATR, SOCS3, MOB3A and OGDH were believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Western blot analysis further determined that CALN1, ATR and OGDH were the possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD. In addition, 6 possible miRNAs biomarkers have also been verified by qPCR on AD animal models. Our findings may benefit clinical diagnosis and early prevention of AD.     

台风“山竹”对深圳城市绿地及生物量的影响

台风是影响沿海城市绿地生态系统最主要、最频繁的自然干扰因子。2018年9月的台风"山竹"以强台风等级袭击深圳,陆地最大阵风达46.5 m/s(15级)。以深圳市区绿地(公园绿地、居民区绿地、行道树)中的乔木为研究对象,通过灾后实地调研,采用相关统计方法以及生物量评估方法,探讨了台风"山竹"对深圳市区绿地的影响。结果表明:(1)深圳市区调查树木受损比例高达21.4%,其中以轻度受损(枝干折断)为主;市区树冠生物量总量较台风之前下降了8.44%。(2)南部地区受损程度明显高于内陆,东南地区受损程度高于西北地区;福田区、龙岗区以及坪山新区受损情况最为严重,受损树木比例均超过30%。中东部树冠生物量损失程度高于西部地区。(3)公园绿地受损最为严重,居民区绿地的受损情况最轻。(4)行道树中黄金榕、腊肠树受损比例均超过50%,而棕榈科植物受损程度较轻。研究结果可为深圳市抗风树种的选择、不同类型绿地针对台风的减灾防灾策略提供科学依据。     

市县级限制开发区环境功能区划研究——以河北省张家口市为例

限制开发地区是我国主体功能区划中划定的提供重要生态功能和农产品的地区,对其进行环境功能区划对于推动环境功能区划制度落地与实施,以及限制开发区的保护与发展有着重要意义。当前国家及省级的环境功能区划研究已经相对成熟,而市县尺度的限制开发地区环境功能区划相关研究较少。在总结现有环境功能区划研究方法的基础上,以河北省张家口市为例,探讨了市县级限制开发地区环境功能区划体系设计和技术方法,提出了以公里格网作为分析单元,结合县域行政边界,基于环境功能综合评价的结果,从自然生态安全、维护人群健康和区域环境支撑能力等3个方面,开展环境功能区划。基于该方法,将张家口市分为自然生态保留区、生态功能保持区、生态功能恢复区、农产品安全保障区、环境开发准入区、聚居发展维护区6类环境功能区,并根据各环境功能区的主要功能及生态环境特点提出相应的发展建议,以期为该区域管理提供可行的操作手段。本文提出的方法也可为其他限制开发地区的环境功能区划提供参考。     

A 10-miRNA risk score-based prediction model for pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer

Patients with hormone receptor(HR)-positive tumors breast cancer usually experience a relatively low pathological complete response(p CR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC). Here, we derived a 10-micro RNA risk score(10-mi RNA RS)-based model with better performance in the prediction of p CR and validated its relation with the disease-free survival(DFS) in 755 HRpositive breast cancer patients(273, 265, and 217 in the training, internal, and external validation sets, respectively). This model,pres...     

重组巴斯德毕赤酵母发酵生产几丁质酶的条件优化研究

研究了利用重组巴斯德毕赤酵母诱导表达重组几丁质酶的条件。在摇瓶水平上研究了诱导时间、pH、甲醇流加量、油酸等因素对重组几丁质酶表达的影响。结果发现诱导108h蛋白表达量最高;偏酸性环境不利于蛋白表达,维持在pH5.5～6.0最佳;甲醇最佳诱导浓度为1%;添加0.05%的油酸有助于提高蛋白表达量。在此基础上通过正交试验设计优化了培养基配方,在优化条件下,蛋白表达量达171.99mg/L,酶活达49.58U/mL。     

Nitric oxide and changes of iron metabolism in exercise

Accumulated data imply that exercise itself might not lead to a true iron deficiency or 'sport anaemia' in a healthy athlete who has adequate iron intake. The higher prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in younger female athletes might be not due to exercise itself, but probably results from dietary choices, inadequate iron intake and menstruation. These factors can also induce iron deficiency or anaemia in the general population. However, exercise does affect iron metabolism, leading to low or sub-optimal iron status. The underlying mechanism is unknown. In this review, recent advances in the study of the effect of exercise on iron metabolism and nitric oxide, and the relationship between nitric oxide and iron status in exercise are discussed. A hypothesis that increased production of nitric oxide might contribute to sub-optimal iron status in exercise is proposed.     

The stimulatory effect of ROCK inhibitor on bovine corneal endothelial cells

Reagents which can promote the proliferation, adhesion and migration of cultured corneal endothelial cells (CECs) will be helpful for the treatment of reduced visual acuity due to CECs deficiency. The objectives of this study were to investigate the potential use of an inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), Y-27632, to cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells (B-CECs) and evaluated its effects on the proliferation, adhesion and migration of B-CECs. The proliferation of cultured B-CECs was moderately enhanced by 10 μM Y-27632. Y-27632 induced fibroblast-like morphological changes in the cultured B-CECs and normal cell morphology could recover after Y-27632 removal. In addition, Y-27632 was found to significantly enhance the adhesion and migration of B-CECs. Furthermore, the hanging drop aggregation assay showed that Y-27632 promoted B-CECs to form cellular networks and sheets, which proliferated along the liquid–air interface and migrated to the surface of the lid of dish. Our study demonstrated that Y-27632 is a potentially powerful reagent which can enhance the proliferation of cultured B-CECs. Y-27632 will be useful in CEC injection therapy and topical application for CEC deficiency.     

南沙群岛西南部和北部湾口海域鱼类物种多样性

根据2012-2013年在南沙群岛西南部和北部湾口海域春秋两个航次的调查资料, 分析了该海域鱼类种类组成、相对重要性指数和物种多样性等特征。结果表明, 两个航次调查共鉴定鱼类504种, 隶属于2纲31目129科294属; 其中北部湾口海域出现鱼类301种, 南沙群岛西南部海域出现鱼类357种。优势种数量较少, 多以中小型鱼类为主, 且季节间变化较大。春季多样性指数高于秋季, 这主要是因为春季出现的大量鱼类为补充群体, 而许多种类在秋季有向较深海区移动的趋势; 南沙群岛西南部海域多样性指数高于北部湾口海域, 这主要是由于南沙群岛西南部海域受水温和洋流的影响较大造成的。更替指数和迁移指数显示, 秋季鱼类群落结构稳定性要低于春季, 而且两个季节的鱼类群落结构都偏离平衡状态, 主要是由鱼类的洄游和不同适温性鱼类的迁入迁出造成的。综合来看, 南沙群岛西南部海域鱼类物种多样性和群落结构稳定性均高于北部湾口海域, 在努力控制资源可捕量范围的同时, 可合理开发南海中南部海域的渔业资源。     

Structural and Stereochemical Studies of Hydroxyanthraquinone Derivatives from the Endophytic Fungus Coniothyrium sp

Four known hydroxyanthraquinones ( 1–4 ) together with four new derivatives having a tetralone moiety, namely coniothyrinones A–D ( 5–8 ), were isolated from the culture of Coniothyrium sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Salsola oppostifolia from Gomera in the Canary Islands. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with reported data. The absolute configurations of coniothyrinones A ( 5 ), B ( 6 ), and D ( 8 ) were determined by TDDFT calculations of CD spectra, allowing the determination of the absolute configuration of coniothyrinone C ( 7 ) as well. Coniothyrinones A ( 5 ), B ( 6 ), and D ( 8 ) could be used as ECD reference compounds in the determination of absolute configuration for related tetralone derivatives. This is the first report of anthraquinones and derivatives from an isolate of the genus Coniothyrium sp. These compounds showed inhibitory effects against the fungus Microbotryum violaceum, the alga Chlorella fusca, and the bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium. Chirality 25:141–148, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

昆虫神经肽研究进展

近年来鉴定了化学结构的昆虫神经肽数目呈快速上升趋势, 家蚕滞育激素和性信息素合成激活肽被分离纯化.三种近年出现的研究方法对寻找新型昆虫神经肽起到重要作用,已经成功地鉴定了数个新型神经肽.昆虫神经肽cDNA或基因组DNA克隆显示了新的结构信息和神经肽间的相互关系.