全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1801篇 |
免费 | 81篇 |
国内免费 | 147篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 35篇 |
2022年 | 47篇 |
2021年 | 93篇 |
2020年 | 71篇 |
2019年 | 73篇 |
2018年 | 64篇 |
2017年 | 46篇 |
2016年 | 66篇 |
2015年 | 98篇 |
2014年 | 121篇 |
2013年 | 113篇 |
2012年 | 188篇 |
2011年 | 145篇 |
2010年 | 87篇 |
2009年 | 76篇 |
2008年 | 102篇 |
2007年 | 81篇 |
2006年 | 83篇 |
2005年 | 60篇 |
2004年 | 68篇 |
2003年 | 46篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 39篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 19篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2029条查询结果,搜索用时 703 毫秒
81.
[目的]探究慢生型花生根瘤菌III型分泌系统在花生-根瘤菌互作的功能。[方法]本研究采用同源重组和三亲本接合转移的方法,构建Bradyrhizobium sp.MZ5的III型分泌系统调节基因ttsI突变体;荧光定量PCR检测添加大豆苷元(Daidzein)和染料木黄酮(Genistein)诱导物后野生型和突变株转录水平上ttsI的表达量变化及其差异;蛭石结瘤实验分析ttsI基因突变对花生结瘤能力的影响。[结果]在转录水平上,大豆苷元和染料木黄酮对MZ5的III型分泌系统调节基因ttsI的表达具有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05)。在MZ5△ttsI突变体中ttsI基因的表达量都明显下调,与野生型菌株的相比都达到极显著水平(P<0.001)。蛭石结瘤实验表明,与野生型菌株相比,MZ5△ttsI突变体在不同花生品种的结瘤数和地上部干重都显著性降低。根瘤石蜡切片表明,MZ5△ttsI突变体在根瘤内的含菌量少于野生型菌株。[结论]Bradyrhizobium sp.MZ5菌株中的III型分泌系统在花生-根瘤菌互作中对结瘤有积极的促进作用。 相似文献
82.
Ronghua Yang Jingru Wang Ziheng Zhou Shaohai Qi Shubin Ruan Zepeng Lin Qi Xin Yan Lin Xiaodong Chen Julin Xie 《Developmental biology》2019,445(2):271-279
Local transplantation of stem cells has therapeutic effects on skin damage but cannot provide satisfactory wound healing. Studies on the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of stem cells on skin wound healing will be needed. Hence, in the present study, we explored the role of Caveolin-1 in epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) in the modulation of wound healing. We first isolated EpiSCs from mouse skin tissues and established stable EpiSCs with overexpression of Caveolin-1 using a lentiviral construct. We then evaluated the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell proliferation ability using cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and assessed EpiSC pluripotency by examining Nanog mRNA levels in EpiSCs. Furthermore, we treated mice with skin burn injury using EpiSCs with overexpression of Caveolin-1. Histological examinations were conducted to evaluate re-epithelialization, wound scores, cell proliferation and capillary density in wounds. We found that overexpression of Caveolin-1 in EpiSCs promoted EGF-induced cell proliferation ability and increased wound closure in a mouse model of skin burn injury. Histological evaluation demonstrated that overexpression of Caveolin-1 in EpiSCs promoted re-epithelialization in wounds, enhanced cellularity, and increased vasculature, as well as increased wound scores. Taken together, our results suggested that Caveolin-1 expression in the EpiSCs play a critical role in the regulation of EpiSC proliferation ability and alteration of EpiSC proliferation ability may be an effective approach in promoting EpiSC-based therapy in skin wound healing. 相似文献
83.
Ruan Hong Xiao Renshun Jiang Xinghai Zhao Biao Wu Kai Shao Zongzuan Zhang Zhongjie Duan Huyang Song Yulin 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2019,450(1-2):199-207
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are multipotential differentiation cells which can differentiate into different cell types such as osteoblasts,... 相似文献
84.
85.
Xue Li Xi Lv Yanping Lin Junfeng Zhen Cao Ruan Wei Duan Yue Li Jianping Xie 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2019,120(8):12197-12207
The typical two-component regulatory systems (TCSs), consisting of response regulator and histidine kinase, play a central role in survival of pathogenic bacteria under stress conditions such as nutrient starvation, hypoxia, and nitrosative stress. A total of 11 complete paired two-component regulatory systems have been found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including a few isolated kinase and regulatory genes. Increasing evidence has shown that TCSs are closely associated with multiple physiological process like intracellular persistence, pathogenicity, and metabolism. This review gives the two-component signal transduction systems in M. tuberculosis and their signal transduction roles in adaption to the environment. 相似文献
86.
87.
88.
Yu Ruan Jiaqiao Hu Yaping Che Yanyan Liu Zhenhuan Luo Jin Cheng Qi Han He He Qinghua Zhou 《Cell death & disease》2022,13(2)
Mitochondrial dysfunction is becoming one of the main pathology factors involved in the etiology of neurological disorders. Recently, mutations of the coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) and 10 (CHCHD10) which encode two homologous proteins that belong to the mitochondrial CHCH domain protein family, are linked to Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/frontotemporal dementia (FTD), respectively. However, the physiological and pathological roles of these twin proteins have not been well elaborated. Here, we show that, in physiological conditions, CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 interact with OMA1 and suppress its enzyme activity, which not only restrains the initiation of the mitochondrial integrated response stress (mtISR), but also suppresses the processing of OPA1 for mitochondrial fusion. Further, during mitochondria stress-induced by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) treatment, CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 translocate to the cytosol and interacte with eIF2a, which attenuates mtISR overactivation by suppressing eIF2a phosphorylation and its downstream response. As such, knockdown of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 triggers mitochondrial ISR, and such cellular response is enhanced by CCCP treatment. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the first “mtISR suppressor” localized in mitochondria for regulating stress responses in mammalian cells, which has a profound pathological impact on the CHCH2/CHCH10-linked neurodegenerative disorder.Subject terms: Stress signalling, Mitochondria 相似文献
89.
Davide Ciccarese Gabriele Micali Benedict Borer Chujin Ruan Dani Or David R. Johnson 《The ISME journal》2022,16(5):1453
Spatial self-organization is a hallmark of surface-associated microbial communities that is governed by local environmental conditions and further modified by interspecific interactions. Here, we hypothesize that spatial patterns of microbial cell-types can stabilize the composition of cross-feeding microbial communities under fluctuating environmental conditions. We tested this hypothesis by studying the growth and spatial self-organization of microbial co-cultures consisting of two metabolically interacting strains of the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri. We inoculated the co-cultures onto agar surfaces and allowed them to expand (i.e. range expansion) while fluctuating environmental conditions that alter the dependency between the two strains. We alternated between anoxic conditions that induce a mutualistic interaction and oxic conditions that induce a competitive interaction. We observed co-occurrence of both strains in rare and highly localized clusters (referred to as “spatial jackpot events”) that persist during environmental fluctuations. To resolve the underlying mechanisms for the emergence of spatial jackpot events, we used a mechanistic agent-based mathematical model that resolves growth and dispersal at the scale relevant to individual cells. While co-culture composition varied with the strength of the mutualistic interaction and across environmental fluctuations, the model provides insights into the formation of spatially resolved substrate landscapes with localized niches that support the co-occurrence of the two strains and secure co-culture function. This study highlights that in addition to spatial patterns that emerge in response to environmental fluctuations, localized spatial jackpot events ensure persistence of strains across dynamic conditions.Subject terms: Microbial ecology, Biofilms 相似文献
90.
This study was carried out to examine the effects of the meiosis-activating C(29) sterol, 4,4-dimethyl-5 alpha-cholesta-8,14, 24-trien-3 beta-ol (FF-MAS), on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. Cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes (CEO) and denuded oocytes (DO) from hormonally primed, immature mice were cultured 17-18 h in minimum essential medium (MEM) containing 4 mM hypoxanthine plus increasing concentrations of FF-MAS. The sterol induced maturation in DO with an optimal concentration of 3 microg/ml but was without effect in CEO, even at concentrations as high as 10 microg/ml. Some stimulation of maturation in hypoxanthine-arrested CEO was observed when MEM was replaced by MEMalpha. Interestingly, the sterol suppressed the maturation of hypoxanthine-arrested CEO in MEM upon removal of glucose from the medium. FF-MAS also failed to induce maturation in DO when meiotic arrest was maintained with dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP). The rate of maturation in FF-MAS-stimulated, hypoxanthine-arrested DO was slow, as more than 6 h of culture elapsed before significant meiotic induction was observed, and this response required the continued presence of the sterol. Although the oocyte took up radiolabeled lanosterol, such accumulation was restricted by the presence of cumulus cells. In addition, lanosterol failed to augment FSH-induced maturation and was even inhibitory at a high concentration. Moreover, the downstream metabolite, cholesterol, augmented the inhibitory action of dbcAMP on maturation in both CEO and DO. Two inhibitors of 14 alpha-demethylase, ketoconazole, and 14 alpha-ethyl-5 alpha-cholest-7-ene-3 beta, 15 alpha-diol that can suppress FF-MAS production from lanosterol failed to block consistently FSH-induced maturation. These results confirm the stimulatory action of FF-MAS on hypoxanthine-arrested DO but do not support a universal meiosis-inducing function for this sterol. 相似文献