Ultrathin Co3O4 Layers with Large Contact Area on Carbon Fibers as High‐Performance Electrode for Flexible Zinc–Air Battery Integrated with Flexible Display

A facile and binder‐free method is developed for the in situ and horizontal growth of ultrathin mesoporous Co₃O₄ layers on the surface of carbon fibers in the carbon cloth (ultrathin Co₃O₄/CC) as high‐performance air electrode for the flexible Zn–air battery. In particular, the ultrathin Co₃O₄ layers have a maximum contact area on the conductive support, facilitating the rapid electron transport and preventing the aggregation of ultrathin layers. The ultrathin feature of Co₃O₄ layers is characterized by the transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra, and X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Benefiting from the high utilization degree of active materials and rapid charge transport, the mass activity for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions of the ultrathin Co₃O₄/CC electrode is more than 10 times higher than that of the carbon cloth loaded with commercial Co₃O₄ nanoparticles. Compared to the commercial Co₃O₄/CC electrode, the flexible Zn–air battery using ultrathin Co₃O₄/CC electrode exhibits excellent rechargeable performance and high mechanical stability. Furthermore, the flexible Zn–air battery is integrated with a flexible display unit. The whole integrated device can operate without obvious performance degradation under serious deformation and even during the cutting process, which makes it highly promising for wearable and roll‐up optoelectronics.     

油藏嗜热菌与膨润土的相互作用及其对储层防膨的意义

[目的]本文从胜利油田沾3区块的高温油藏的原油采出液中分离得到一株嗜热菌,通过其与膨润土的相互作用,尝试探讨油藏微生物作为油藏储层中水敏性矿物（如蒙皂石）改性剂的可能性。[意义]研究结果将在降低水敏矿物的膨胀性能,为解决水驱采油中遇到的水敏效应的瓶颈问题提供微生物的新途径。[结果]所得菌株为革兰氏阳性菌,呈杆状,具芽孢,兼性厌氧,鉴定为Geobacillus icigianus SL-1。菌株SL-1在厌氧条件下能够还原蒙皂石的结构铁。扫描电镜（SEM）结果显示,无菌对照体系中,蒙皂石呈不规则薄片状。而经微生物作用后,除薄片状蒙皂石外,另有板状次生矿物的生成。进一步能谱（EDS）分析表明,与薄片状蒙皂石相比,板状矿物含有较高的Al/Si比值,且含有明显的K⁺信号。XRD结果显示,经过微生物作用后,固相物质中蒙皂石的百分比下降至47.7%,伊利石百分比上升至29.1%,而无菌对照组中蒙皂石的百分含量则为70.4%,伊利石的百分比则为19.8%。XRD物相分析和EDS结果均证实经过微生物作用后,部分蒙皂石转化成了伊利石。膨胀性能的分析进一步揭示菌株SL-1作用后,矿物膨胀性较初始矿物显著降低,缩膨率达到25.9%。以上结果为油藏储层防膨提供了重要的实验依据。     

前列腺素在胚胎着床和蜕膜化中的作用

前列腺素在哺乳动物的雌性生殖过程中起着十分重要的作用.环氧合酶-2 (cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2)主要在子宫着床位点处胚胎周围的基质细胞中表达, 介导着床和蜕膜化过程.由COX-2和微粒体型前列腺素E合成酶-1途径来源的前列腺素E 2 (prostaglandin E2, PGE2)在胚胎着床和蜕膜化过程中起重要作用.子宫中产生的前列腺素I 2 (prostaglandin I2, PGI2)通过核受体过氧化物酶体增殖因子活化受体δ(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorδ,PPARδ)在胚胎着床过程中起关键作用.质膜上的前列腺素转运蛋白(prostaglandin transporter, PGT)通过转运新合成的前列腺素, 来满足胚胎着床和蜕膜化过程中对前列腺素的需求, 并维持前列腺素的代谢平衡.     

DBP对斜生栅藻及天然混合藻类致毒效应研究

作为塑料和橡胶等化工产品的增塑剂,邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的生产量和使用量在我国和世界上均呈上升趋势,其在环境中的广泛存在及其所产生的行为效应已引起人们的高度重视。       

Unconditional and conditional QTL analysis of kernel weight related traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in multiple genetic backgrounds

Wheat thousand kernel weight (TKW) is a complex trait, and is largely controlled by several kernel traits, including kernel length (KL) and kernel width (KW). In order to reveal the genetic relationship between TKW and these kernel traits (KW and KL) as accurate as possible, we applied both unconditional and conditional mapping analyses to three distinct genetic populations, one DH population and two RIL populations. This report describes the identifications of 36 unconditional and conditional additive QTLs and 30 pairs of unconditional and conditional epistatic QTLs, all of which are closely associated with TKW. While the conditional additive locus Qtkw1B, detected in the RIL2 population, exhibited the largest contribution, explaining 14.12 % of TKW variance, the unconditional epistatic QTLs Qtkw3A-2/Qtkw5B.1, detected in the DH population, accounted for 11.95 % of phenotypic variance. This study also showed that, compared with unconditional mapping, conditional mapping resulted in very different numbers and different extent of effects of additive and epistatic QTLs that were associated with TKW when TKW was conditioned on kernel traits (KW and KL). These data strongly suggest that KW and KL indeed play a significant role in determining TKW. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the effects of the 25 additive QTLs for TKW were either entirely or largely determined by KW, while the effects of the other 25 additive QTLs for TKW were either entirely or largely affected by KL. We conclude that the conditional mapping can be useful for a better understanding of the interrelationship between the yield contributing traits at the QTL level.     

miR-10a Regulates Proliferation of Human Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Cells by Targeting GATA6

microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in cardiogenesis. The altered expression of miRNAs can result in cardiac malformations by inducing abnormalities in the behavior of cardiac cells. However, the role of miR-10a in the regulation of cardiomyocyte progenitor cells (CMPCs) remains undetermined. In the present study, we found that up- or down-regulation of miR-10a inhibited or promoted the proliferation of human CMPCs, respectively, without affecting their differentiation toward cardiomyocytes. miR-10a bound to GATA6 directly and reduced GATA6 expression. Over-expression of GATA6 greatly attenuated the miR-10a-mediated inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human CMPCs. Thus, our results indicate that miR-10a could effectively modulate the proliferation of human CMPCs by targeting GATA6. The finding provides novel insights into the potency of miR-10a during heart development.     

Dynamic multiphoton imaging of acellular dermal matrix scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic wound healing

Significantly effective therapies need to be developed for chronic nonhealing diabetic wounds. In this work, the topical transplantation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) seeded on an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) scaffold is proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic cutaneous wound healing. GFP‐labeled MSCs were cocultured with an ADM scaffold that was decellularized from normal mouse skin. These cultures were subsequently transplanted as a whole into the full‐thickness cutaneous wound site in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice. Wounds treated with MSC‐ADM demonstrated an increased percentage of wound closure. The treatment of MSC‐ADM also greatly increased angiogenesis and rapidly completed the reepithelialization of newly formed skin on diabetic mice. More importantly, multiphoton microscopy was used for the intravital and dynamic monitoring of collagen type I (Col‐I) fibers synthesis via second harmonic generation imaging. The synthesis of Col‐I fibers during diabetic wound healing is of great significance for revealing wound repair mechanisms. In addition, the activity of GFP‐labeled MSCs during wound healing was simultaneously traced via two‐photon excitation fluorescence imaging. Our research offers a novel advanced nonlinear optical imaging method for monitoring the diabetic wound healing process while the ADM and MSCs interact in situ. Schematic of dynamic imaging of ADM scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic wound healing using multiphoton microscopy. PMT, photo‐multiplier tube.