全文获取类型
收费全文 | 76146篇 |
免费 | 5546篇 |
国内免费 | 4860篇 |
专业分类
86552篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 154篇 |
2023年 | 1033篇 |
2022年 | 2391篇 |
2021年 | 4071篇 |
2020年 | 2617篇 |
2019年 | 3231篇 |
2018年 | 3166篇 |
2017年 | 2297篇 |
2016年 | 3256篇 |
2015年 | 4808篇 |
2014年 | 5543篇 |
2013年 | 5983篇 |
2012年 | 7021篇 |
2011年 | 6155篇 |
2010年 | 3710篇 |
2009年 | 3333篇 |
2008年 | 3722篇 |
2007年 | 3354篇 |
2006年 | 2906篇 |
2005年 | 2380篇 |
2004年 | 1957篇 |
2003年 | 1654篇 |
2002年 | 1399篇 |
2001年 | 1230篇 |
2000年 | 1218篇 |
1999年 | 1121篇 |
1998年 | 661篇 |
1997年 | 655篇 |
1996年 | 666篇 |
1995年 | 616篇 |
1994年 | 543篇 |
1993年 | 376篇 |
1992年 | 568篇 |
1991年 | 435篇 |
1990年 | 406篇 |
1989年 | 282篇 |
1988年 | 244篇 |
1987年 | 234篇 |
1986年 | 166篇 |
1985年 | 193篇 |
1984年 | 109篇 |
1983年 | 117篇 |
1982年 | 71篇 |
1981年 | 58篇 |
1980年 | 37篇 |
1979年 | 61篇 |
1977年 | 30篇 |
1974年 | 38篇 |
1973年 | 34篇 |
1972年 | 30篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
101.
I P King K A Purdie C J Liu S M Reader T S Pittaway S E Orford T E Miller 《Génome》1994,37(5):882-887
Twenty-three wheat/alien addition or substitution lines were screened using restriction fragment length polymorphisms for the presence or absence of 4/5 and 4/7 reciprocal translocations in the alien chromosomes. Such translocations have previously been identified in wheat and rye. Group 4 and group 5 Aegilops umbellulata, Triticum urartu, and Thinopyrum bessarabicum chromosomes were found to carry 4/5 translocations. Evidence for a 4/7 translocation was also found in Secale montanum. The presence of the 4/5 translocations in T. urartu indicates that the translocation predates the polyploidization of wheat. The implications of these results are discussed. 相似文献
102.
In a two-choice test, moreS. furcifera females settled more often on exposed plants than on parafilm-masked ones, regardless of the susceptibility of rice varieties. This indicates that rice volatiles play an important role in the insect's short-range orientation to its host. The fact that more insects settled on exposed resistant Rathu Heenati (RHT) than to masked susceptible Taichung Native 1 (TN1) suggests that there must be certain common volatiles released by both varieties. Few females landed on masked plants of either RHT or TN1. This implies that the insect could not recognize at a distance that a plant was resistant or susceptible without olfactory stimuli.S. furcifera excreted less honeydew on masked plants than on exposed ones for both varieties and more on masked TN1 than on exposed RHT. The electronic monitoring of feeding behavior demonstrates that the insect made more frequent probes and had shorter phloem ingestion durations on exposed RHT than on exposed TN1 and on masked RHT than on masked TN1. Moreover, the insect had longer phloem ingestion durations on masked TN1 than on exposed RHT. These results suggest that volatile chemicals given off by resistant RHT plants have a negative effect on feeding. 相似文献
103.
真核mRNA 3′非翻译区的功能研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
刘定干 《生物化学与生物物理进展》1994,21(3):215-217
真核mRNA的3′非翻译区的功能比人们目前认为的更为复杂.近年来的研究揭示,mRNA 3′非翻译区不但决定该mRNA的稳定性,而且还控制着该特定mRNA的翻译时间、翻译地点和翻译产物.值得注意的是真核mRNA 3′非翻译区内的突变可能导致肿瘤的发生.文章介绍了1991-1992年间国际上关于3′非翻译区的一些新发现. 相似文献
104.
旅游生态学—生态学应用的一个新领域 总被引:22,自引:2,他引:20
旅游生态学──生态学应用的一个新领域刘鸿雁(北京大学城市与环境学系,100871)RecreationEcology─—ANewAreaofAppliedEcology.¥LiuHongyan(DepartmentofUrbanandEnvironm... 相似文献
105.
Phillip E. Klebba Jeanette M. Rutz Jun Liu Christopher K. Murphy 《Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes》1993,25(6):603-611
The recent solution of enteric bacterial porin structure, and new insights into the mechanism by which outer membrane receptor proteins recognize and internalize specific ligands, advocates the re-evaluation of TonB-dependent transport physiology. In this minireview we discuss the potential structural features of siderophore receptors and TonB, and use this analysis to evaluate both existing and new models of energy and signal transduction from the inner membrane to the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. 相似文献
106.
Barley heat shock proteins have been cloned, characterized by hybrid release translation and sequenced. Clones coding for proteins of 17, 18, 30, 32 and 70 kDa have been obtained. Out of these the 32 and 30 kDa proteins have been characterized as precursors to plastidic proteins of 26 kDa by posttranslational transport and by cDNA sequencing. The coding regions of these two transcribed genes are highly homologous. Accumulation of the plastid HSP as well as of HSP 70 as well as their corresponding mRNAs has been studied in 2- to 6-day old seedlings and in the 7-day old barley leaf. The mRNA for all investigated proteins were only found after a heat shock; the mRNA levels increase towards the tip of the leaf and with development. Furthermore, under the conditions used the mRNAs for all investigated heat shock proteins accumulate in parallel. Unexpectedly, both proteins, HSP 70 and HSP 26, are found by western blotting in the 2-day old control plants in the absence of any inducing heat shock. At later stages of development and in the leaf gradient only immunoreactivity with HSP 70 was observed. In contrast to the levels of their mRNAs the highest levels of HSP 30–26 and 70 have been observed in the basal segments indicating that translational control plays a role during HSP expression. Under severe heat shock a protein of 30 kDa is induced whose identity is not known but which reacts with the antibody to HSP 30–26 and might represent the accumulating precursors of the plastidic proteins. 相似文献
107.
腹腔注射链脲佐霉素(65mg/kg)诱发Wistar大鼠糖尿病。糖尿病发病4周后,向饲料中加尼群地平(30mg·kg-1·d-1)。结果表明,糖尿病4周时大鼠心室舒张功能首先受损,8周后心室舒张和收缩功能均明显受累。尼群地平处理对糖尿病大鼠的心肌收缩性有一定的改善作用。提示尼群地平对大鼠糖尿病性心肌病有一定有益作用。 相似文献
108.
津白_3侏儒小鼠(dW~t)是1982年从津白_3纯系小鼠(TA_3)中发现,进而培育成侏的变种。本实验应用免疫细胞化学技术,对dw ̄t小鼠垂体前叶生长激素(GH)细胞进行观察,并根据体视学原理进行定量分析,以探讨dw~t小鼠是否存在垂体发育缺陷。实验结果显示,dw~t小鼠GH细胞的体积密度(Vv)和数密度(Nv)值均低于正常对照组,P<0.01~0.001。表明dw~t小鼠由于垂体前叶GH细胞数量减少,导致GH分泌不足,从而形成侏儒。 相似文献
109.
报道了缢蛏碱性磷酸酶(简称ALP)经不同浓度盐酸胍处理时酶的分子构象所发生的变化以及酶变化和失活的动力学过程。在胍中酶荧光发射峰强度下降,紫外差光谱在246nm和285nm处出现2个负峰,CD谱中酶的α螺旋度下降,且随浓度增大,变化程度也加大。动力学研究表明,酶在0.5mol/L、1.0mol/L、2.0mol/L3.0mol/L、4.0mol/L盐酸胍中的变性速度常数分别为3.21×10~(-4)s~(-1)、6.38×10~(-4)s~(-1)、2.17×10~(-3)s~(-1)、2.33×10~(-3)s~9-1)、5.17×10~(-3)s~(-1);而酶在相应盐酸胍中的失活速度常数分别为2.33×10~(-4)s~(-1)、3.57×10~(-4)s~(-1)、5.86×10~(-4)s~(-1)、1.14×10~(-3)s~(-1)、3.45×10~(-3)s~(-1);表现为失活与构象伸展变化基本平行。 相似文献
110.
Glucocorticoids regulate the expression of many liver-specific genes via glucocorticoid receptors. The presence of glucocorticoid receptors in liver has been reported in many mammalian species but not in nude mice. In the present study, we demonstrate the presence of specific glucocorticoid receptors in nude mouse liver. The binding of ligands to these receptors could be completely inhibited by RU486, and partially blocked by hydrocortisone and progesterone, whereas estrogen and testosterone had no effect. Hydrocortisone down-regulated the level of glucocorticoid receptors in livers of nude mice and correspondingly enhanced the activities of tyrosine aminotransferase and -glutamyltransferase. Our results indicate that glucocorticoid receptors in nude mouse liver are specific, fully functional, and present at levels 28.5-fold higher than in the liver of normal inbred mice. We suggest that the nude mouse is a valuable model for studies of hepatic glucocorticoid action and may provide a clue to a putative hepatic-thymic interaction. 相似文献