Carbon Sink-to-Source Transition Is Coordinated with Establishment of Cell-Specific Gene Expression in a C4 Plant

Plants that use the highly efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway possess two types of specialized leaf cells, the mesophyll and bundle sheath. In mature C4 leaves, the CO2 fixation enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) is specifically compartmentalized to the bundle sheath cells. However, in very young leaves of amaranth, a dicotyledonous C4 plant, genes encoding the large subunit and small subunit of RuBPCase are initially expressed in both photosynthetic cell types. We show here that the RuBPCase mRNAs and proteins become specifically localized to leaf bundle sheath cells during the developmental transition of the leaf from carbon sink to carbon source. Bundle sheath cell-specific expression of RuBPCase genes and the sink-to-source transition began initially at the leaf apex and progressed rapidly and coordinately toward the leaf base. These findings demonstrated that two developmental transitions, the change in photoassimilate transport status and the establishment of bundle sheath cell-specific RuBPCase gene expression, are tightly coordinated during C4 leaf development. This correlation suggests that processes associated with the accumulation and transport of photosynthetic compounds may influence patterns of photosynthetic gene expression in C4 plants.     

国产7种乌头属植物的核型研究

本文报道了国产7种乌头属植物（两色乌头（Aconitum alboviolaceum Kom.,牛扁 A.barbartum var.puberulum Ledeb.,蔓乌头A.volubile Pall.,展毛蔓乌头 A.ciliare DC.,北乌头 A.kusnezoffii Reichb.,蒿叶乌头 A.artemisiaefolium Bar.et Skv.,细叶乌头 A.macrorhgnchum Turcz.）的核型。其中展毛蔓乌头、蒿叶乌头和细叶乌头的核型为首次报道。本文还首次指出乌头属中具多年生根状茎的牛扁亚属植物的核型没有明显的二型性,而具二年生块根的乌头正属植物的核型的二型性十分明显。此外还讨论了细叶乌头及展毛蔓乌头的系统位置,认为它们与蔓乌头有较近的亲缘关系。     

异叶三宝木的二萜成分及抗菌活性研究

为研究异叶三宝木(Trigonostemon heterophyllus)的二萜成分及其抗菌活性,采用硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析、高效液相色谱对萃取物进行分离纯化,结合现代波谱技术对所得化合物进行结构鉴定,并通过牛津杯法和2倍稀释法检测化合物对革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)以及革兰氏阳性菌肺炎双球菌(Pneumococcus)的生长抑制活性和MIC值。从异叶三宝木中分离得到了6个化合物,包括5个二萜类, 1个木脂素类,分别鉴定为trigonochinene E (1)、neoboutomannin (2)、6,9-O- dedimethyltrigonostemone (3)、stelltian B (4)、3,4-secosonderianol (5)、biondinin A (6)。化合物1、2、3、5对大肠杆菌有抑制作用,MIC值分别为9.375、18.75、18.75、18.75 μg/mL。化合物2、3、4、6为首次从该种植物中分离得到,化合物4为首次从该属植物中分离得到。除化合物4外,其他化合物都有一定的抗菌活性,且化合物1、2、3对大肠杆菌抑制作用强于阳性对照硫酸卡那霉素。     

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)体内外对单个核细胞白细胞介素-1和白细胞介素-2诱生活性影响的研究

本研究用PAP法、胸腺细胞增殖法、脾细胞增殖法,分别检测16例体外HBV感染的骨髓单个核细胞与16例慢性乙型肝炎患者体内感染的骨髓单个核细胞(MNCs)中的HBcAg和白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的诱生活性(以△cpm值表示)。结果显示,体外HBV感染组与体内HBV感染组骨髓MNCs中HBcAg检出率分别为50％和43.7％。本实验结果表明,HBV在体外感染骨髓MNCs,且与体内自然感染相符,但光镜下未观察到致细胞病变效应(CPE)。体外感染组与体内感染组IL-I和IL-2活性均较对照组明显下降(P<0.01)。且细胞中HBcAg检出阳性者较阴性者下降更为明显(P<0.01)。IL-1和IL-2诱生活性降低与HBV侵染免疫细胞及其在细胞内复制有密切关系,从而提示,IL-1和IL-2降低可能影响HBV的清除而引起慢性化过程。     

骨缘当归的化学成分

骨缘当归Angellica cartilaginomarginata var.foliata Yuan et Shen,别名:山藁本、野芹菜（江苏）,仅分布于江苏和浙江。在江苏镇江等地用干燥全草作山藁本入药,其化学成分未见报道。 样品采自江苏省句容县。将干根磨粉,提取物经中性氧化铝层析,根据色谱及光谱鉴定为两种脂肪酸、四种已知香豆素和一种植物甾醇即:正葵酸（n-capric acid）、月桂酸（lauric acid）、骨缘当归素（cartilaginomarginadin）、蝉翼素（pteryxin）、白花前胡素F（praeruptorin F）、佛手柑内酯（bergapten）及β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）。     

人胎儿肝内甲胎蛋白的成份及其对T.B淋巴细胞发育的影响

本文用免疫组织化学方法,分别在冰冻和石蜡切片上,对24例不同胎龄的胎儿肝比较研究了肝内 AFP~+细胞数量及其与 T,B 淋巴细胞之间的关系。结果发现 AFP 仅分布于肝细胞内,其他细胞阴性。不同胎龄的肝脏,AFP 的染色强度和阳性率不同。17周前的胎肝,AFP~+细胞最多以后逐渐减少。出生前的肝脏内只有少数 AFP~+细胞。AFP~+细胞的多少与 B 细胞分化发育无多大关系,但与 T 细胞似乎关系密切,两者呈负相关,即 AFP~+细胞多时,T 细胞很少,AFP~+减少时,T 细胞增加,提示 AFP 对 T 细胞具有抑制作用。同时也证明 B 细胞在胎肝内受 T 细胞的影响不大,主要依赖于肝脏的微环境。另外对 AFP 的生物学意义也进行了讨论。     

药用寄生植物菟丝子属,列当属和无根藤属氨基酸的分析

本文测定了菟丝子属、列当属和无根藤属某些种的种子和植株氨基酸的种类组成和含量。结果表明,3个属种子和植株氨基酸均在15种以上,且含量丰富,特别是必需氨基酸的含量较高。文中讨论了氨基酸的药用和在种子鉴定与化学分类上的作用,探讨了开发应用的前景。     

25000年以来渤海湾西岸古环境探讨

 本文依据孢粉、微体古生物、放射性碳测年、因子分析等资料,表明25000a,BP 以来渤海湾西岸的古植被,古地理环境演变既受气候冷暖变化的影响,又受海平面变化的制约。25000—23000a,BP 为高海平面时期,古植被为森林草甸植被,23000—12000a,BP,气候冷干,为低海平面时期,以草原植被为主,前期和后期为沼泽草甸植被。12000—5000a,BP 气候温凉或温暖湿润为海平面上升时期,为阔叶林草甸或沼泽草甸植被,5000a,BP 以来,气候变凉变干,为海退时期,古植被由沼泽草甸演变为盐生草甸。     

A real-world exploratory study on the feasibility of vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies

Background

The treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a challenge for those who cannot use amoxicillin.

Objective

To evaluate the eradication rate and adverse effects of vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy as first-line and rescue treatment regimens used in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies.

Design

Patients enrolled were those who were H. pylori-positive with selected conditions: (1) allergic to penicillin, either naïve to treatment or had failed before; or (2) failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies. All enrolled patients accepted 14-day vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy (VT dual therapy) as follows: vonoprazan (20 mg b.i.d.) and tetracycline (500 mg t.i.d. [body weight < 70 kg] or 500 mg q.i.d. [body weight ≥ 70 kg]). H. pylori status was evaluated by ¹³C-urease breath test 6 weeks after treatment. All adverse effects were recorded. Some patients underwent bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing.

Results

A total of 62 patients were enrolled; 18 of them received VT dual therapy as first-line treatment, 44 patients received VT dual therapy as rescue treatment. Overall, 58 of 62 patients achieved successful eradication (93.5%), while all involved (100%,18/18) succeeded in the first-line treatment group and 40 cases (90.9%, 40/44) succeeded in the rescue treatment group. Sixty-one (61/62, 98.4%) patients completed the whole course of treatment. Adverse events occurred in 6 patients (6/62, 9.7%), while one patient quit because of skin rash. All adverse effects were mild and relieved spontaneously after H. pylori treatment. Five patients achieved successful H. pylori culture, and all strains isolated were sensitive to tetracycline.

Conclusions

For the treatment of H. pylori infection in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies, a 14-day vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy was effective and safe as first-line and rescue treatment in our study. Further study is warranted to verify its efficacy, especially for those who cannot use amoxicillin.     

鼎湖山森林群落演替之研究

鼎湖山森林群落在自然状态下遵循一定的客观规律向更优化的气候顶极群落演变。本文分析其1955年至1989年(35年)来的演替结果,总结出鼎湖山森林群落演替的进程和模式,进一步应用植物群落演替系统的线性模型和非线性模型对演替进程进行定量研究,并做出相应的演替进程的数量预测。