Where Is "Africa"? Re-Viewing Art and Artifact in the Age of Globalization

The Sainsbury African Galleries. The British Museum, London. Long-term exhibition, opened March 2001.
African Worlds. The Horniman Museum and Gardens, London. Long-term exhibition, opened April 1999.
African Voices. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Long-term exhibition, opened December 1999.     

Morphometric analysis of hepatocytes from rats subjected to compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock

Morphometric and biochemical techniques were used to analyze hepatic glycogen, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondrial matrix granules in rats treated with compound 48/80 to induce an anaphylactic-like state of shock. Thirty minutes after insult there was a significant decrease in glycogen and mitochondrial matrix granules, an increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and no change in smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Less glycogen in experimental rats substantiated a previously described glycogenolytic response to compound 48/80. The decrease in matrix granules implies a loss and/or shift in intramitochondrial calcium as occurs in epinephrine-induced glycogenolysis in the rat. Since other glycogenolytic agents, e.g. glucagon, and starvation stimulate an increase in SER presumably from RER, the present morphological data suggest the increase in RER may precede proliferation of SER from RER.     

Tetra-acetylenic metabolites from Mycena viridimarginata

The structures of two new acetylenic compounds from Mycena viridimarginata were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and some chemical transformations. The major metabolite was 10-hydroxyundeca-2,4,6,8-tetraynamide and the minor one was 3,4,13-trihydroxytetradeca-5,7,9,11-tetraynoic acid γ-lactone. Another compound, methyl-3,4,13-trihydroxytetradeca-5,7,9,11-tetraynoate, was found to be an artifact from the γ-lactone produced on the Sephadex LH-20 column. Furthermore, model compounds were prepared to establish the chromophoric system of the major metabolite.     

Genetic and environmental determination of tracking in static strength during adolescence.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the observed phenotypic stability in static strength during adolescence, as measured by interage correlations in arm pull, is mainly caused by genetic and/or environmental factors. Subjects were from the Leuven Longitudinal Twin Study (n = 105 pairs, equally divided over 5 zygosity groups). Arm-pull data were aligned on age at peak height velocity to attenuate the temporal fluctuations in interage correlations caused by differences in timing of the adolescent growth spurt. Developmental genetic models were fitted using structural equation modeling. After the data were aligned on age at peak height velocity, the annual interage correlations conformed to a quasi-simplex structure over a 4-yr interval. The best-fitting models included additive genetic and unique environmental sources of variation. Additive genetic factors that already explained a significant amount of variation at previous measurement occasions explained 44.3 and 22.5% of the total variation at the last measurement occasion in boys and girls, respectively. Corresponding values for unique environmental sources of variance are 31.2 and 44.5%, respectively. In conclusion, the observed stability of static strength during adolescence is caused by both stable genetic influences and stable unique environmental influences in boys and girls. Additive genetic factors seem to be the most important source of stability in boys, whereas unique environmental factors appear to be more predominant in girls.