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A biological microelectromechanical system (BioMEMS) device was designed to study complementary mitochondrial parameters important in mitochondrial dysfunction studies. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to many diseases, including diabetes, obesity, heart failure and aging, as these organelles play a critical role in energy generation, cell signaling and apoptosis. The synthesis of ATP is driven by the electrical potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane and by the pH difference due to proton flux across it. We have developed a tool to study the ionic activity of the mitochondria in parallel with dielectric measurements (impedance spectroscopy) to gain a better understanding of the properties of the mitochondrial membrane. This BioMEMS chip includes: 1) electrodes for impedance studies of mitochondria designed as two- and four-probe structures for optimized operation over a wide frequency range and 2) ion-sensitive field effect transistors for proton studies of the electron transport chain and for possible monitoring other ions such as sodium, potassium and calcium. We have used uncouplers to depolarize the mitochondrial membrane and disrupt the ionic balance. Dielectric spectroscopy responded with a corresponding increase in impedance values pointing at changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. An electrical model was used to describe mitochondrial sample’s complex impedance frequency dependencies and the contribution of the membrane to overall impedance changes. The results prove that dielectric spectroscopy can be used as a tool for membrane potential studies. It can be concluded that studies of the electrochemical parameters associated with mitochondrial bioenergetics may render significant information on various abnormalities attributable to these organelles. 相似文献
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Sebastian Ocklenburg Wanda M. Gerding Maximilian Raane Larissa Arning Erhan Genç Jörg T. Epplen Onur Güntürkün Christian Beste 《Molecular neurobiology》2018,55(10):7691-7700
Molecular neurobiological factors determining corpus callosum physiology and anatomy have been suggested to be one of the major factors determining functional hemispheric asymmetries. Recently, it was shown that allelic variations in two myelin-related genes, the proteolipid protein 1 gene PLP1 and the contactin 1 gene CNTN1, are associated with differences in interhemispheric integration. Here, we investigated whether three single nucleotide polymorphisms that were associated with interhemispheric integration via the corpus callosum in a previous study also are relevant for functional hemispheric asymmetries. To this end, we tested more than 900 healthy adults with the forced attention dichotic listening task, a paradigm to assess language lateralization and its modulation by cognitive control processes. Moreover, we used the line bisection task, a paradigm to assess functional hemispheric asymmetries in spatial attention. We found that a polymorphism in PLP1, but not CNTN1, was associated with performance differences in both tasks. Both functional hemispheric asymmetries and their modulation by cognitive control processes were affected. These findings suggest that both left and right hemisphere dominant cognitive functions can be modulated by allelic variation in genes affecting corpus callosum structure. Moreover, higher order cognitive processes may be relevant parameters when investigating the molecular basis of hemispheric asymmetries. 相似文献
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Zinc and cadmium analysis in human prostate neoplasms 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Magdalena Brys Agnieszka D. Nawrocka Eügeniüsz MlekoŚ Cezary Zydek Marek Foksinski Andrzej Barecki Wanda M. Krajewska 《Biological trace element research》1997,59(1-3):145-152
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that prostatic cancer is associated with the changes of zinc (Zn) and
cadmium (Cd) concentration. Normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostatic carcinoma (PCA) were analyzed
for Zn and Cd by atomic absorption spectrometry. Cd level was measured using a graphite furnace and Zn level was measured
by flame mode. Metal content was assessed in whole tissues and in nuclear, plasma membrane, and cytosolic fractions. An increase
of Zn content in BPH, but a decrease in PCA as compared to normal tissue, was observed. Cd concentration appeared to be higher
in BPH and PCA than in normal tissue. No correlation between Zn and Cd level was found in BPH specimens obtained from the
same patients. Probability values ofp ≤0.05 were considered to indicate significant differences. Obtained results seem to support the hypothesis of Cd carcinogenicity
and preventing function of Zn in prostatic cancer. Plasma membrane fraction corresponding to lysosomal, mitochondrial, and
microsomal subcellular compartments are probably critical in Zn and Cd participation in human prostate neoplasms. 相似文献
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