全文获取类型
收费全文 | 28170篇 |
免费 | 2635篇 |
国内免费 | 3352篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 88篇 |
2023年 | 471篇 |
2022年 | 934篇 |
2021年 | 1471篇 |
2020年 | 1059篇 |
2019年 | 1330篇 |
2018年 | 1228篇 |
2017年 | 985篇 |
2016年 | 1332篇 |
2015年 | 1799篇 |
2014年 | 2184篇 |
2013年 | 2257篇 |
2012年 | 2715篇 |
2011年 | 2402篇 |
2010年 | 1578篇 |
2009年 | 1336篇 |
2008年 | 1571篇 |
2007年 | 1449篇 |
2006年 | 1243篇 |
2005年 | 1068篇 |
2004年 | 959篇 |
2003年 | 772篇 |
2002年 | 704篇 |
2001年 | 481篇 |
2000年 | 389篇 |
1999年 | 380篇 |
1998年 | 235篇 |
1997年 | 219篇 |
1996年 | 183篇 |
1995年 | 126篇 |
1994年 | 147篇 |
1993年 | 103篇 |
1992年 | 154篇 |
1991年 | 113篇 |
1990年 | 103篇 |
1989年 | 97篇 |
1988年 | 60篇 |
1987年 | 63篇 |
1986年 | 64篇 |
1985年 | 52篇 |
1984年 | 37篇 |
1983年 | 50篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 29篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1975年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Effects of monoclonal antibodies on the function of acetylcholine receptors purified from Torpedo californica and reconstituted into vesicles 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
We tested the effects of 62 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to acetylcholine receptors from Torpedo californica on the function of receptor reconstituted into lipid vesicles. Two of these mAbs, mAbs 148 and 168, inhibited carbamylcholine-induced 22Na+ uptake into vesicles. The rate of 125I-labeled alpha-bungarotoxin (125I-alpha BGT) binding to the reconstituted liposomes was also reduced, although 125I-alpha BGT binding at equilibrium was not affected. Agonist-induced desensitization of the receptor was also affected by these mAbs. mAb 148 binds to the beta subunit of receptor, and mAb 168 binds to the gamma subunit. Both mAbs bind to the cytoplasmic surface of the receptor; correspondingly, both block function when added before reconstitution, and both were found to have no effect on function when added to preformed vesicles. Their effects were not due to interference with the reconstitution process. Both mAbs were capable of cross-linking receptors. In contrast to the bivalent mAbs, monovalent Fab fragments of these two mAbs had little effect on receptor function, which suggests that the effects of the bivalent mAbs resulted primarily from cross-linking receptors. 相似文献
62.
Summary Factors affecting the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced membrane fusion were examined. Human erythrocyte membrane ghosts, cytoskeleton-free vesicles budded from erythrocytes, mechanically disrupted erythrocyte vesicles, and recombinant vesicles from glycophorin and egg phosphatidylcholine were used as models. Fusion was monitored by darkfield light microscopy and by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Osmotic swelling was found necessary for fusion between membrane ghosts following PEG treatment. The sample with the highest fusion percentage was sealed ghosts incubated in hypotonic media after at least 5 min of treatment in <25% PEG. At similar osmolarity, glycerol, dextran and PEG produced progressively more pronounced intramembranous particle (IMP) patching, correlating with their increasing fusion percentages. The patching of IMP preceded cell-cell contact, and occurred without direct PEG-protein interaction. The presence of cytoskeletal elements in small vesicles had no significant effect on fusion, nor on the aggregation of intramembranous particle (IMP) upon PEG treatment. Disrupting the membrane by lysolecithin, dimethylsulfoxide, retinol or mild sonication resulted in the fragmentation of ghosts without an increase in fusion percentage. The purity of the commercial PEG used had no apparent effect on fusion. We concluded that the key steps in PEG-induced fusion of cell membrane are the creation of IMP-free zones, and the osmotic swelling of cells after the formation of bilayer contacts during the PEG treatment. Cell cytoskeleton affects PEG-induced fusion only to the extent of affecting IMP patching. 相似文献
63.
Three major forms of monoiodinated VIP (M125I-VIP) were isolated after chloramine-T iodination and HPLC purification. The iodinated tyrosine residue was located in each form of M125I-VIP using arginase C and trypsin digestion for obtaining defined fragments containing only one tyrosine residue. The HPLC isolated iodinated fragments thus obtained were used for HPLC comigration studies with iodinated synthetic C and N terminal VIP fragments and for amino acid analysis. The first two eluting peaks 1 and 2 are (M125I-Tyr10-VIP); peak 1 has an oxidized methionine; peak 3 is a (M125I-Tyr22-VIP) which also has an oxidized methionine. A reduced counterpart of peak 3 named peak 4 was isolated by further HPLC analysis. The ability of the different species of M125I-VIP to stimulate adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate (cAMP) production in transformed colonic cells in culture (HT-29) was compared to that of native VIP. The mean potencies of the M125I-VIP species expressed as a percentage relative to the potency of native VIP were, peak (1): 0.98; (2): 0.84; (3): 1.38; (4): 1.48, in the range of concentrations tested (2-60 pM). The M125I-Tyr22-VIP are significantly more active than native VIP (P less than 0.01). Oxidation of methionine or iodination of tyrosine 10 does not significantly modify the biological activity of VIP. We conclude that iodination of Tyr-22 located in the apolar helical COOH-terminal of VIP increases the effectiveness of VIP interaction with its receptors. Thus the tyrosyl residue and the localized hydrophobic features of VIP are critically involved in the function of this neurotransmitter. 相似文献
64.
65.
Lott Timothy J.; Yang Junghui; Ye Jianhong; Wallace Douglas C. 《Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)》1985,1(4):249-252
We have developed an inexpensive yet versatile microcomputer-basedsystem for quantitating light intensity levels in autoradiographs.This system employs a standard video camera interfaced to ananalog-to-digital convertor. A program has been written forthis system which can measure intensities within a defined regionof an autoradiograph, permitting an easy and accurate quantitationof spots or bands of irregular shape.
Received on June 18, 1985; accepted on September 3, 1985 相似文献
66.
67.
本文用放射免疫测定法(RIA),测定了200~290例中国四川成都市郊30~73岁的正常成年男性血清睾酮(T)促黄体激素(LH).卵泡刺激素(FSH)及泌乳激素(PRL)的水平及其分布,进行了不同年龄水平差异显著性的观察,见到睾酮与泌乳激素水平无显著差异,促黄体激素及卵泡刺激素水平,随年龄之增加而升高,差异有显著性,并测得它们在血清中水平的分布:LH、FSH及PRL均为对数正态公布,T既非正态又非对数正态,但其频率分布较对称,接近正态分布。 相似文献
68.
抗胃癌细胞系单克隆抗体PD4的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以胃癌细胞系MGC803免疫Balb/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞NS-1融合。经选择培养、筛选及克隆化,获得恒定地分泌抗胃癌细胞系单克隆抗体(MoAb)的杂交瘤细胞系PD4。MoAb PD4与3/4胃癌细胞系有强结合反应,与4/4肺癌细胞系有弱结合反应,但与淋巴细胞、ABO红细胞、骨髓细胞、二倍体成纤维细胞及经检测的其他肿瘤细胞均无反应。PD4抗原主要表达于靶细胞的膜上,不耐热,为分子量40kD的蛋白性抗原。该抗原与HLA抗原系统,血型抗原系统无关,亦不同于其他作者所报告的其他胃癌相关抗原。 相似文献
69.
70.