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11.
Feng En Lo Po Jung Lu Min Kuang Tsai June Han Lee Christopher Wen Chi Pang Wen Jackson Pui Man Wai Chwen Keng Tsao Po Huang Chiang Shu Yu Lyu Ko Lu Ma Ying-Chen Chi Chu-Shiu Li Chwen-Chi Liu Xifeng Wu 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
ObjectiveTo assess the benefits of regular exercise in reducing harms associated with betel quid (BQ) chewing.MethodsThe study cohort, 419,378 individuals, participated in a medical screening program between 1994 and 2008, with 38,324 male and 1,495 female chewers, who consumed 5–15 quids of BQ a day. Physical activity of each individual, based on “MET-hour/week”, was classified as “inactive” or “active”, where activity started from a daily 15 minutes/day or more of brisk walking (≥3.75 MET-hour/week). Hazard ratios for mortality and remaining years in life expectancy were calculated.ResultsNearly one fifth (18.7%) of men, but only 0.7% of women were chewers. Chewers had a 10-fold increase in oral cancer risk; and a 2-3-fold increase in mortality from lung, esophagus and liver cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, with doubling of all-cause mortality. More than half of chewers were physically inactive (59%). Physical activity was beneficial for chewers, with a reduction of all-cause mortality by 19%. Inactive chewers had their lifespan shortened by 6.3 years, compared to non-chewers, but being active, chewers improved their health by gaining 2.5 years. The improvement, however, fell short of offsetting the harms from chewing.ConclusionsChewers had serious health consequences, but being physically active, chewers could mitigate some of these adverse effects, and extend life expectancy by 2.5 years and reduce mortality by one fifth. Encouraging exercise, in addition to quitting chewing, remains the best advice for 1.5 million chewers in Taiwan. 相似文献
12.
David Charles Boettiger Stephen Kerr Rossana Ditangco Tuti Parwati Merati Thuy Thi Thanh Pham Romanee Chaiwarith Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul Chung Ki Patrick Li Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy Saphonn Vonthanak Christopher Lee Nguyen Van Kinh Sanjay Pujari Wing Wai Wong Adeeba Kamarulzaman Fujie Zhang Evy Yunihastuti Jun Yong Choi Shinichi Oka Oon Tek Ng Pacharee Kantipong Mahiran Mustafa Winai Ratanasuwan Annette Sohn Matthew Law 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
Background
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has evolved rapidly since its beginnings. This analysis describes trends in first-line ART use in Asia and their impact on treatment outcomes.Methods
Patients in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database receiving first-line ART for ≥6 months were included. Predictors of treatment failure and treatment modification were assessed.Results
Data from 4662 eligible patients was analysed. Patients started ART in 2003–2006 (n = 1419), 2007–2010 (n = 2690) and 2011–2013 (n = 553). During the observation period, tenofovir, zidovudine and abacavir use largely replaced stavudine. Stavudine was prescribed to 5.8% of ART starters in 2012/13. Efavirenz use increased at the expense of nevirapine, although both continue to be used extensively (47.5% and 34.5% of patients in 2012/13, respectively). Protease inhibitor use dropped after 2004. The rate of treatment failure or modification declined over time (22.1 [95%CI 20.7–23.5] events per 100 patient/years in 2003–2006, 15.8 [14.9–16.8] in 2007–2010, and 11.6 [9.4–14.2] in 2011–2013). Adjustment for ART regimen had little impact on the temporal decline in treatment failure rates but substantially attenuated the temporal decline in rates of modification due to adverse event. In the final multivariate model, treatment modification due to adverse event was significantly predicted by earlier period of ART initiation (hazard ratio 0.52 [95%CI 0.33–0.81], p = 0.004 for 2011–2013 versus 2003–2006), older age (1.56 [1.19–2.04], p = 0.001 for ≥50 years versus <30years), female sex (1.29 [1.11–1.50], p = 0.001 versus male), positive hepatitis C status (1.33 [1.06–1.66], p = 0.013 versus negative), and ART regimen (11.36 [6.28–20.54], p<0.001 for stavudine-based regimens versus tenofovir-based).Conclusions
The observed trends in first-line ART use in Asia reflect changes in drug availability, global treatment recommendations and prescriber preferences over the past decade. These changes have contributed to a declining rate of treatment modification due to adverse event, but not to reductions in treatment failure. 相似文献13.
Fang M Zhang L Li J Wang C Chung CH Wai SM Yew DT 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2005,25(6):1043-1050
Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate the postnatal development of the cerebella of the pig and to compare this with the activation
of the fMRI. The cells in the cerebella were studied by silver technique and the activation of the fMRI in the cerebella was
initiated by flexion and extension of the hind paw. Our results showed an increase of the branching of the cells of the cerebellar
cortex postnatally, coordinated with registration of fMRI active sites in the cerebella at 6-month postnatal. We concluded
that the full maturation of the cerebella was around 6-month postnatal in the pig. 相似文献
14.
Piatnitski EL Duncton MA Kiselyov AS Katoch-Rouse R Sherman D Milligan DL Balagtas C Wong WC Kawakami J Doody JF 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2005,15(21):4696-4698
A novel class of 4-arylamino-phthalazin-1-yl-benzamides is described as inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II (VEGFR-2). Several compounds display potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with an IC50 as low as 0.078 microM in an HTRF enzymatic assay. These compounds are relatively selective against a small kinase panel. 相似文献
15.
Feng DM Wai JM Kuduk SD Ng C Murphy KL Ransom RW Reiss D Chang RS Harrell CM MacNeil T Tang C Prueksaritanont T Freidinger RM Pettibone DJ Bock MG 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2005,15(9):2385-2388
A novel class of 2,3-diaminopyridine bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists is disclosed. Structure-activity relationship studies (SARs) that led to compounds with significantly improved potency and pharmacokinetic properties relative to the lead compound are described. 相似文献
16.
Chiara Merigliano Romina Burla Mattia La Torre Simona Del Giudice Hsiangling Teo Chong Wai Liew Alexandre Chojnowski Wah Ing Goh Yolanda Olmos Klizia Maccaroni Maria Giubettini Irene Chiolo Jeremy G. Carlton Domenico Raimondo Fiammetta Vernì Colin L. Stewart Daniela Rhodes Graham D. Wright Brian E. Burke Isabella Saggio 《PLoS genetics》2021,17(8)
To complete mitosis, the bridge that links the two daughter cells needs to be cleaved. This step is carried out by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery. AKTIP, a protein discovered to be associated with telomeres and the nuclear membrane in interphase cells, shares sequence similarities with the ESCRT I component TSG101. Here we present evidence that during mitosis AKTIP is part of the ESCRT machinery at the midbody. AKTIP interacts with the ESCRT I subunit VPS28 and forms a circular supra-structure at the midbody, in close proximity with TSG101 and VPS28 and adjacent to the members of the ESCRT III module CHMP2A, CHMP4B and IST1. Mechanistically, the recruitment of AKTIP is dependent on MKLP1 and independent of CEP55. AKTIP and TSG101 are needed together for the recruitment of the ESCRT III subunit CHMP4B and in parallel for the recruitment of IST1. Alone, the reduction of AKTIP impinges on IST1 and causes multinucleation. Our data altogether reveal that AKTIP is a component of the ESCRT I module and functions in the recruitment of ESCRT III components required for abscission. 相似文献
17.
H J Jaeger J MacFie C J Mitchell N Couse D Wai 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1990,301(6762):1188-1191
OBJECTIVE--To assess the accuracy and safety of percutaneous biopsy of abdominal masses guided by ultrasound. DESIGN--Prospective study. SETTING--Combined gastroenterology service, Scarborough Hospital. PATIENTS--108 Consecutive patients identified as having a discrete mass on diagnostic ultrasound examination of the abdomen. INTERVENTION--A sample of tissue was obtained with an aseptic technique under local anaesthesia: an 18 steel wire gauge needle (Tru-Cut) was mounted in a spring loaded firing device (Biopty gun) that was advanced under simultaneous ultrasound scanning, permitting precise localisation of the target organ. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Results of histological examination of tissue specimens. RESULTS--Biopsy failed in four patients. Adequate histological specimens were obtained in 104 patients with masses in the liver (31), pancreas (37), kidney (10), and adrenal glands (six) and in 20 undiagnosed abdominal and retroperitoneal masses. Follow up was until death or confirmation of the diagnosis. Three complications but no deaths occurred. Malignancy was suspected in 84 patients before biopsy. This was confirmed in 70 patients, in 26 of whom confirmation of dissemination obviated the need for further investigation. In 10 patients biopsy indicated a previously unsuspected primary tumour, and in 12 it showed only a benign lesion. Among 24 patients considered to have benign disease biopsy showed an unsuspected neoplasm in seven. Use of biopsy thus had a major effect on clinical management in 55 patients. Four false negative but no false positive diagnoses resulted from the procedure. CONCLUSION--Percutaneous biopsy of abdominal and retroperitoneal masses under ultrasound guidance is a safe and accurate method of obtaining a histological diagnosis. The results obtained have a considerable effect on clinical management. 相似文献
18.
Alfred Chor San Chan Qiu Qiu Siu Wai Choi Stanley Sau Ching Wong Albert Chi Yan Chan Michael G Irwin Chi Wai Cheung 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Background
Patients receiving total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol have been shown to experience less postoperative pain. We evaluated the post-operative analgesic effects of propofol compared with sevoflurane maintenance of anesthesia in liver surgery. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (). NCT02179437Methods
In this retrospective study, records of patients who underwent liver surgery between 2010 and 2013 were reviewed. Ninety-five patients anesthetized with propofol TIVA were matched with 95 patients anesthetized with sevoflurane. Numeric pain rating scale (NRS) pain scores, postoperative morphine consumption, side effects and patients’ satisfaction with pain relief were evaluated.Results
The TIVA group reported lower NRS pain scores during coughing on postoperative days 1 and 2 but not 3 (p = 0.0127, p = 0.0472, p = 0.4556 respectively). They also consumed significantly less daily (p = 0.001 on day 1, p = 0.0231 on day 2, p = 0.0004 on day 3), accumulative (p = 0.001 on day 1, p<0.0001 on day 2 and p = 0.0064 on day 3) and total morphine (p = 0.03) when compared with the sevoflurane group. There were no differences in total duration of intravenous patient controlled analgesia (PCA) morphine use and patient satisfaction. No difference was found in reported side effects.Conclusion
Patients anesthetized with propofol TIVA reported less pain during coughing and consumed less daily, accumulative and total morphine after liver surgery. 相似文献19.
Wiscount CM Williams PD Tran LO Embrey MW Fisher TE Sherman V Homnick CF Donnette Staas D Lyle TA Wai JS Vacca JP Wang Z Felock PJ Stillmock KA Witmer MV Miller MD Hazuda DJ Day AM Gabryelski LJ Ecto LT Schleif WA DiStefano DJ Kochansky CJ Anari MR 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2008,18(16):4581-4583
A series of 10-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropyrazino[1',2':1,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazine-1,9(2H,6H)-diones was synthesized and tested for their inhibition of HIV-1 replication in cell culture. Structure-activity studies indicated that high antiviral potency against wild-type virus as well as viruses containing integrase mutations that confer resistance to three different structural classes of integrase inhibitors could be achieved by incorporation of small aliphatic groups at certain positions on the core template. An optimal compound from this study, 16, inhibits integrase strand-transfer activity with an IC(50) value of 10 nM, inhibits HIV-1 replication in cell culture with an IC(95) value of 35 nM in the presence of 50% normal human serum, and displays modest pharmacokinetic properties in rats (i.v. t(1/2)=5.3 h, F=17%). 相似文献
20.
Gangwei Ou Pramod Kumar Rompikuntal Aziz Bitar Barbro Lindmark Karolis Vaitkevicius Sun Nyunt Wai Marie-Louise Hammarstr?m 《PloS one》2009,4(11)