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131.
132.
Devogelaere B Beullens M Sammels E Derua R Waelkens E van Lint J Parys JB Missiaen L Bollen M De Smedt H 《The Biochemical journal》2007,407(2):303-311
IRBIT is an IP3R [IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate) receptor]-binding protein that competes with IP3 for binding to the IP3R. Phosphorylation of IRBIT is essential for the interaction with the IP3R. The unique N-terminal region of IRBIT, residues 1-104 for mouse IRBIT, contains a PEST (Pro-Glu-Ser-Thr) domain with many putative phosphorylation sites. In the present study, we have identified a well-conserved PP1 (protein phosphatase-1)-binding site preceeding this PEST domain which enabled the binding of PP1 to IRBIT both in vitro and in vivo. IRBIT emerged as a mediator of its own dephosphorylation by associated PP1 and, hence, as a novel substrate specifier for PP1. Moreover, IRBIT-associated PP1 specifically dephosphorylated Ser68 of IRBIT. Phosphorylation of Ser68 was required for subsequent phosphorylation of Ser71 and Ser74, but the latter two sites were not targeted by PP1. We found that phosphorylation of Ser71 and Ser74 were sufficient to enable inhibition of IP3 binding to the IP3R by IRBIT. Finally, we have shown that mutational inactivation of the docking site for PP1 on IRBIT increased the affinity of IRBIT for the IP3R. This pinpoints PP1 as a key player in the regulation of IP3R-controlled Ca2+ signals. 相似文献
133.
134.
A complex of catalytically inactive protein phosphatase-1 sandwiched between Sds22 and inhibitor-3 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lesage B Beullens M Pedelini L Garcia-Gimeno MA Waelkens E Sanz P Bollen M 《Biochemistry》2007,46(31):8909-8919
Protein Ser/Thr phosphatase-1 (PP1) associates with a host of proteins to form substrate-specific holoenzymes. Sds22 and Inhibitor-3 (I3) are two independently described ancient interactors of PP1. We show here by various approaches that Sds22 and I3 form a heterotrimeric complex with PP1, both in cell lysates and after purification. The stability of the complex depended on functional PP1 interaction sites in Sds22 and I3, indicating that PP1 is sandwiched between Sds22 and I3. Intriguingly, I3 could not be replaced in this complex by another PP1 interactor with the same PP1 binding motif. In vitro, Sds22 and I3 were potent inhibitors of PP1, but with only some substrates. The inhibition by Sds22 could be reproduced with synthetic Sds22 fragments comprising leucine-rich repeats (LRR) 2 and 5. Sds22 and LRR5 also slowly converted PP1 into a conformation that was inactive with all tested substrates. Cell lysates that were prepared under conditions that prevented the Sds22-induced inactivation of PP1 contained a catalytically inactive complex of Sds22, PP1, and I3, indicating that this complex exists in vivo. Therefore, our studies show that a pool of PP1 is complexly controlled by both Sds22 and I3. 相似文献
135.
Seltzer V Janski N Canaday J Herzog E Erhardt M Evrard JL Schmit AC 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2007,52(2):322-331
In higher plants, microtubules (MTs) are assembled in distinctive arrays in the absence of a defined organizing center. Three MT nucleation sites have been described: the nuclear surface, the cell cortex and cortical MT branch points. The Arabidopsis thaliana (At) genome contains putative orthologues encoding all the components of characterized mammalian nucleation complexes: gamma-tubulin and gamma-tubulin complex proteins GCP2 to GCP6. We have cloned the cDNA encoding AtGCP2, and show that gamma-tubulin, AtGCP2 and AtGCP3 are part of the same tandem affinity-purified complex and are present in a large membrane-associated complex. In addition, small soluble gamma-tubulin complexes of the size expected for a gamma-tubulin core complex are recruited to isolated nuclei. Using immunogold labelling, AtGCP3 is localized to both the nuclear envelope (NE) and the plasma membrane. To identify domains that could play a role in targeting complexes to these nucleation sites, truncated AtGCP2- and AtGCP3-green fluorescent protein fusion proteins were expressed in BY-2 cells. Several domains from AtGCP2 and AtGCP3 are capable of targeting fusions to the NE. We propose that regulated recruitment of soluble gamma-tubulin-containing complexes is responsible for nucleation at dispersed sites in plant cells and contributes to the formation and organization of the various MT arrays. 相似文献
136.
Genome sequencing and analysis of the versatile cell factory Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pel HJ de Winde JH Archer DB Dyer PS Hofmann G Schaap PJ Turner G de Vries RP Albang R Albermann K Andersen MR Bendtsen JD Benen JA van den Berg M Breestraat S Caddick MX Contreras R Cornell M Coutinho PM Danchin EG Debets AJ Dekker P van Dijck PW van Dijk A Dijkhuizen L Driessen AJ d'Enfert C Geysens S Goosen C Groot GS de Groot PW Guillemette T Henrissat B Herweijer M van den Hombergh JP van den Hondel CA van der Heijden RT van der Kaaij RM Klis FM Kools HJ Kubicek CP van Kuyk PA Lauber J 《Nature biotechnology》2007,25(2):221-231
137.
Januschke J Nicolas E Compagnon J Formstecher E Goud B Guichet A 《Development (Cambridge, England)》2007,134(19):3419-3425
The Drosophila oocyte is a highly polarized cell. Secretion occurs towards restricted neighboring cells and asymmetric transport controls the localization of several mRNAs to distinct cortical compartments. Here, we describe a role for the Drosophila ortholog of the Rab6 GTPase, Drab6, in establishing cell polarity during oogenesis. We found that Drab6 localizes to Golgi and Golgi-derived membranes and interacts with BicD. We also provide evidence that Drab6 and BicD function together to ensure the correct delivery of secretory pathway components, such as the TGFalpha homolog Gurken, to the plasma membrane. Moreover, in the absence of Drab6, osk mRNA localization and the organization of microtubule plus-ends at the posterior of the oocyte were both severely affected. Our results point to a possible connection between Rab protein-mediated secretion, organization of the cytoskeleton and mRNA transport. 相似文献
138.
Species abundance distributions: moving beyond single prediction theories to integration within an ecological framework 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
McGill BJ Etienne RS Gray JS Alonso D Anderson MJ Benecha HK Dornelas M Enquist BJ Green JL He F Hurlbert AH Magurran AE Marquet PA Maurer BA Ostling A Soykan CU Ugland KI White EP 《Ecology letters》2007,10(10):995-1015
Species abundance distributions (SADs) follow one of ecology's oldest and most universal laws – every community shows a hollow curve or hyperbolic shape on a histogram with many rare species and just a few common species. Here, we review theoretical, empirical and statistical developments in the study of SADs. Several key points emerge. (i) Literally dozens of models have been proposed to explain the hollow curve. Unfortunately, very few models are ever rejected, primarily because few theories make any predictions beyond the hollow-curve SAD itself. (ii) Interesting work has been performed both empirically and theoretically, which goes beyond the hollow-curve prediction to provide a rich variety of information about how SADs behave. These include the study of SADs along environmental gradients and theories that integrate SADs with other biodiversity patterns. Central to this body of work is an effort to move beyond treating the SAD in isolation and to integrate the SAD into its ecological context to enable making many predictions. (iii) Moving forward will entail understanding how sampling and scale affect SADs and developing statistical tools for describing and comparing SADs. We are optimistic that SADs can provide significant insights into basic and applied ecological science. 相似文献
139.
Levasseur A Orlando L Bailly X Milinkovitch MC Danchin EG Pontarotti P 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2007,82(4):551-572
To demonstrate that a given change in the environment has contributed to the emergence of a given genotypic and phenotypic shift during the course of evolution, one should ask to what extent such shifts would have occurred without environmental change. Of course, such tests are rarely practical but phenotypic novelties can still be correlated to genomic shifts in response to environmental changes if enough information is available. We surveyed and re-evaluated the published data in order to estimate the role of environmental changes on the course of species and genomic evolution. Only a few published examples clearly demonstrate a causal link between a given environmental change and the fixation of a genomic variant resulting in functional modification (gain, loss or alteration of function). Many others suggested a link between a given phenotypic shift and a given environmental change but failed to identify the underlying genomic determinant(s) and/or the associated functional consequence(s). The proportion of genotypic and phenotypic variation that is fixed concomitantly with environmental changes is often considered adaptive and hence, the result of positive selection, even though alternative causes, such as genetic drift, are rarely investigated. Therefore, the second aim herein is to review evidence for the mechanisms leading to fixation. 相似文献
140.
Pascal Philibert Audrey Stoessel Wei Wang Annie-Paule Sibler Nicole Bec Christian Larroque Jeffery G Saven Jérôme Courtête Etienne Weiss Pierre Martineau 《BMC biotechnology》2007,7(1):81