自身免疫性大疱病合并侵袭性肺曲霉病:3例报告

目的通过典型病例回顾探讨自身免疫性大疱病糖皮质激素治疗过程中合并肺曲霉病的诊断和治疗情况。方法报告3例自身免疫性大疱病合并侵袭性肺曲霉病病例。3例病例均行痰镜检、培养、抗原检测、胸部CT或者坏死组织病理检查。分离病原菌经形态学和分子生物学鉴定为烟曲霉、黄曲霉和刺孢裸胞壳。结果 3例病例证实为侵袭性肺曲霉病。进行以伏立康唑为主的综合治疗后均治愈。结论自身免疫性大疱病糖皮质激素治疗过程中应警惕肺曲霉病的发生。多种实验室检查可以帮助早期诊断,提高疗效。     

枳实提取物及其药效组分对ox-LDL损伤的人脐静脉内皮细胞ICAM-1表达和NO释放的影响

目的:研究枳实提取物及其药效组分橙皮苷和新橙皮苷对氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein,Ox-LDL)损伤的人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells line,HUVEC)细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)表达和一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)释放的影响。方法:体外培养HUVEC,50μg/mL ox-LDL制造HUVEC损伤模型。以MTS染色法检测细胞毒性确定用药浓度。细胞ELISA法测定细胞表面ICAM-1的含量,试剂盒测定细胞培养上清液中NO含量。结果:①枳实提取物小于等于2 mg/mL时,橙皮苷浓度小于等于0.03125 mg/mL时,新橙皮苷浓度小于等于0.25 mg/mL时,HUVEC存活率分别大于80%。②2.0 mg/mL和1.0 mg/mL两个浓度的枳实提取物、15.625μg/mL的橙皮苷和0.2500 mg/mL新橙皮苷对ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC的ICAM-1表达有显著抑制作用。③2.0 mg/mL枳实提取物显著提高ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC和正常HUVEC培养液中的NO含量;7.813μg/mL、15.625μg/mL和31.250μg/mL 3个浓度的橙皮苷能显著提高ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC培养液中的NO含量,31.250μg/mL的橙皮苷能促进正常HUVEC的NO释放;0.2500 mg/mL和0.1250 mg/mL 2个浓度的新橙皮苷能显著提高ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC培养液中的NO含量。结论:枳实提取物及其药效组分橙皮苷、新橙皮苷能抑制ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC的ICAM-1表达,促进ox-LDL诱导的HUVEC的NO释放。     

经鼻面罩BiPAP正压通气治疗重症支气管哮喘合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床观察

目的观察经鼻面罩BiPAP无创正压通气治疗重症支气管哮喘合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床效果。方法观察患者行呼吸机治疗前,治疗后4、12、24、48h的临床症状及血气分析。结果治疗后患者的临床症状、血气分析（pH、PaCO2、PaO2）均有显著改善,且无严重并发症发生。结论 BiPAP无创正压通气有助于呼吸改善,正确有效的护理措施对保证通气治疗的效果、减少并发症具有重要意义。     

骨形态发生蛋白7 在前列腺癌中的表达

目的:探讨骨形态发生蛋白( BMP-7)在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其与临床分期之间的关系.方法:应用免疫印迹法检测30例前列腺癌患者及30例前列腺良性增生患者前列腺组织中BMP-7的表达情况.结果:前列腺癌组织中BMP-7的表达显著高于前列腺良性增生组织,且BMP-7的表达随前列腺癌的临床分期、Gleason分级增高而增加.结论:BMP-7在前列腺癌中的表达明显增高,其表达量与临床分期相关,前列腺癌组织中BMP-7的表达增高提示预后不佳.     

别藻蓝蛋白藻蓝胆素发色团分子构象研究

主要研究了蓝绿藻污棕席藻(Phormidium luridum)别藻蓝蛋白在不同 pH值条件下的吸收光谱和共振拉曼光谱.发现低聚化的结果导致了三聚体别藻蓝蛋白 650nm 特征吸收峰的消失和一些共振拉曼带强度和位置的移动.结果表明在低 pH 值作用下的低聚化的别藻蓝蛋白中藻蓝胆素发色团分子的构象和自由胆素分子类似,比三聚体的别藻蓝蛋白的发色团分子更趋于卷曲,折叠的构象态.而三聚体的别藻蓝蛋白,主要的拉曼带 1645cm^-1是其发色团分子构象处于更线性延展的标志,其光谱行为和吸收光谱 A_vis/A_uv所表征的发色团分子构象的结果相一致.     

Cultured subventricular zone progenitor cells transduced with neurogenin-2 become mature glutamatergic neurons and integrate into the dentate gyrus

We have previously shown that transplantation of immature DCX+/NeuN+/Prox1+ neurons (found in the neonatal DG), but not undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) from ventral subventricular zone (SVZ), results in neuronal maturation in vivo within the dentate niche. Here we investigated whether we could enhance the integration of SVZ NPCs by forced expression of the proneural gene Neurogenin 2 (NEUROG2). NPCs cultured from neonatal GFP-transgenic rat SVZ for 7 days in a non-differentiating medium were transduced with a retrovirus encoding NEUROG2 and DsRed or the DsRed reporter gene alone (control). By 3 days post-transduction, the NEUROG2-transduced cells maintained in culture contained mostly immature neurons (91% DCX+; 76% NeuN+), whereas the control virus-transduced cells remained largely undifferentiated (30% DCX+; <1% NeuN+). At 6 weeks following transplantation into the DG of adult male rats, there were no neurons among the transplanted cells treated with the control virus but the majority of the NEUROG2-transduced DsRed+ SVZ cells became mature neurons (92% NeuN+; DCX-negative). Although the NEUROG2-transduced SVZ cells did not express the dentate granule neuron marker Prox1, most of the NEUROG2-transduced SVZ cells (78%) expressed the glutamatergic marker Tbr1, suggesting the acquisition of a glutamatergic phenotype. Moreover, some neurons extended dendrites into the molecular layer, grew axons containing Ankyrin G+ axonal initial segments, and projected into the CA3 region, thus resembling mature DG granule neurons. A proportion of NEUROG2 transduced cells also expressed c-Fos and P-CREB, two markers of neuronal activation. We conclude that NEUROG2-transduction is sufficient to promote neuronal maturation and integration of transplanted NPCs from SVZ into the DG.     

Autophagy in plants: Physiological roles and post‐translational regulation

In eukaryotes, autophagy helps maintain cellular homeostasis by degrading and recycling cytoplasmic materials via a tightly regulated pathway.Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made towards understanding the physiological functions and molecular regulation of autophagy in plant cells. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy is essential for plant responses to several developmental and environmental cues, functioning in diverse processes such as senescence, male fertility, root meristem maintenance, responses to nutrient starvation,and biotic and abiotic stress. Recent studies have demonstrated that, similar to nonplant systems,the modulation of core proteins in the plant autophagy machinery by posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination,lipidation, S-sulfhydration, S-nitrosylation, and acetylation is widely involved in the initiation and progression of autophagy. Here, we provide an overview of the physiological roles and posttranslational regulation of autophagy in plants.     

益生菌防治龋病的研究进展

随着人们生活水平日益提高,口腔健康越来越受到关注。近年来,益生菌对口腔菌群和宿主健康的调节作用已成为广泛研究的话题。已有证据表明,益生菌可以竞争性地抑制口腔中致病细菌的黏附和定植,分泌抗菌物质以减少病原菌。本文综述了相关益生菌对变形链球菌这一公认的龋齿病原菌的作用,包括:(1)生物表面活性剂、细菌素、胞外多糖等益生菌代谢产物对变形链球菌牙菌生物膜的抑制作用;(2)刺激宿主免疫反应,调节口腔菌群组成;(3)下调或阻断变形链球菌细胞中与黏附在牙齿表面形成生物膜相关的基因表达。     

离子通道亚型与其基因共表达的关联研究

离子通道亚型与其基因共表达的关联对研究离子通道功能有重要意义。文章采用主成分分析和模糊C-均值聚类算法对数据进行分析, 将方法应用到人类和小鼠两套表达谱数据, 结果发现离子通道亚型中钾离子通道、钙离子通道、氯离子通道和受体激活型离子通道的表达谱聚类结果与生物学分类有较好的一致性, 体现了离子通道亚型在mRNA水平上的共表达, 并证实了通过离子通道表达谱能很好的对离子通道的功能亚型进行分类。