排序方式: 共有83条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Cees GM Kallenberg Arjan Vissink Frans GM Kroese Wayel H Abdulahad Hendrika Bootsma 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(1):205
In vitro and in vivo experimental data have pointed to new immunopathogenic mechanisms in primary Sj?gren's syndrome (pSS). The availability of
targeted treatment modalities has opened new ways to selectively target these mechanistic pathways in vivo. This has taught us that the role of proinflammatory cytokines, in particular TNFα, is not crucial in the immunopathogenesis
of pSS. B cells appear to play a major role, as depletion of B cells leads to restoration of salivary flow and is efficacious
for treatment of extraglandular manifestations and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. B cells also orchestrate T-cell
infiltration and ductal epithelial dearrangement in the salivary glands. Gene profiling of salivary gland tissue in relation
to B-cell depletion confirms that the axis of IFNα, B-cell activating factor, B-cell activation, proliferation and survival
constitutes a major pathogenic route in pSS. 相似文献
62.
63.
Gert Kwakkel Carel GM Meskers Erwin E van Wegen Guus J Lankhorst Alexander CH Geurts Annet A van Kuijk Eline Lindeman Anne Visser-Meily Erwin de Vlugt J Hans Arendzen 《BMC neurology》2008,8(1):49
Background
Main claims of the literature are that functional recovery of the paretic upper limb is mainly defined within the first month post stroke and that rehabilitation services should preferably be applied intensively and in a task-oriented way within this particular time window. EXplaining PLastICITy after stroke (acronym EXPLICIT-stroke) aims to explore the underlying mechanisms of post stroke upper limb recovery. Two randomized single blinded trials form the core of the programme, investigating the effects of early modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (modified CIMT) and EMG-triggered Neuro-Muscular Stimulation (EMG-NMS) in patients with respectively a favourable or poor probability for recovery of dexterity. 相似文献64.
Structural complexes in the squid giant axon membrane sensitive to ionic concentrations and cardiac glycosides 下载免费PDF全文
Giant nerve fibers of squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea were incubated for 10 min in artificial sea water (ASW) under control conditions, in the absence of various ions, and in the presence of cardiac glycosides. The nerve fibers were fixed in OsO4 and embedded in Epon, and structural complexes along the axolemma were studied. 相似文献
65.
Anne-Ga?lle Biacabe Jorg G Jacobs Anna Bencsik Jan PM Langeveld Thierry GM Baron 《朊病毒》2007,1(1):61-68
We previously reported that some cattle affected by bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) showed distinct molecular features of the protease-resistant prion protein (PrPres) in Western blot, with a 1–2 kDa higher apparent molecular mass of the unglycosylated PrPres associated with labelling by antibodies against the 86–107 region of the bovine PrP protein (H-type BSE). By Western blot analyses of PrPres, we now showed that the essential features initially described in cattle were observed with a panel of different antibodies and were maintained after transmission of the disease in C57Bl/6 mice. In addition, antibodies against the C-terminal region of PrP revealed a second, more C-terminally cleaved, form of PrPres (PrPres #2), which, in unglycosylated form, migrated as a ≈ 14 kDa fragment. Furthermore, a PrPres fragment of ≈7 kDa, which was not labelled by C-terminus-specific antibodies and was thus presumed to be a product of cleavage at both N- and C-terminal sides of PrP protein, was also detected. Both PrPres #2 and ≈7 kDa PrPres were detected in cattle and in C57Bl/6 infected mice. These complex molecular features are reminiscent of findings reported in human prion diseases. This raises questions regarding the respective origins and pathogenic mechanisms in prion diseases of animals and humans.Key Words: prion, BSE, Creutzfeldt-Jakob, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker, Western blot, amyloid 相似文献
66.
In anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitides (AAV), several observations support a key role of T-helper
cells (CD4+ T cells) in disease pathophysiology. An expanded population of effector memory CD4+ T cells in AAV patients may contribute to tissue injury and disease progression. In addition, functional impairment of regulatory
T cells (TRegs) is reported in AAV patients. A fraction of TRegs have the capacity to differentiate into Th17 cells in the context of a proinflammatory environment. Therefore, nonfunctionality
of TRegs described in AAV patients may be caused by their conversion into IL-17-producing cells that may contribute to granulomatous
vasculitis. Further investigations directed at the plasticity of TRegs in AAV patients are warranted. 相似文献
67.
Background
Poorly preserved biological tissues have become an important source of DNA for a wide range of zoological studies. Measuring the quality of DNA obtained from these samples is often desired; however, there are no widely used techniques available for quantifying damage in highly degraded DNA samples. We present a general method that can be used to determine the frequency of polymerase blocking DNA damage in specific gene-regions in such samples. The approach uses quantitative PCR to measure the amount of DNA present at several fragment sizes within a sample. According to a model of random degradation the amount of available template will decline exponentially with increasing fragment size in damaged samples, and the frequency of DNA damage (λ) can be estimated by determining the rate of decline.Results
The method is illustrated through the analysis of DNA extracted from sea lion faecal samples. Faeces contain a complex mixture of DNA from several sources and different components are expected to be differentially degraded. We estimated the frequency of DNA damage in both predator and prey DNA within individual faecal samples. The distribution of fragment lengths for each target fit well with the assumption of a random degradation process and, in keeping with our expectations, the estimated frequency of damage was always less in predator DNA than in prey DNA within the same sample (mean λpredator = 0.0106 per nucleotide; mean λprey = 0.0176 per nucleotide). This study is the first to explicitly define the amount of template damage in any DNA extracted from faeces and the first to quantify the amount of predator and prey DNA present within individual faecal samples.Conclusion
We present an approach for characterizing mixed, highly degraded PCR templates such as those often encountered in ecological studies using non-invasive samples as a source of DNA, wildlife forensics investigations and ancient DNA research. This method will allow researchers to measure template quality in order to evaluate alternate sources of DNA, different methods of sample preservation and different DNA extraction protocols. The technique could also be applied to study the process of DNA decay. 相似文献68.
Gibson S Kibiki Bert Mulder Wil MV Dolmans Jessica L de Beer Martin Boeree Noel Sam Dick van Soolingen Christophe Sola Adri GM van der Zanden 《BMC microbiology》2007,7(1):51
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem and HIV is the major cause of the increase in TB. Sub-Saharan Africa is endemic for both TB and HIV infection. Determination of the prevalence of M. tuberculosis strains and their drug susceptibility is important for TB control. 相似文献69.
Arvind K Awasthi GM Nagaraja GV Naik Sriramana Kanginakudru K Thangavelu Javaregowda Nagaraju 《BMC genetics》2004,5(1):1