Continuous-variable quantification of dermatoglyphic whorl patterns: a statistical study of angular measurements

Core(s) and triradii of dermatoglyphic whorl patterns were joined together to form triangles. Base angles of these triangles were measured (in degrees). The tangent angle at the lower edge of a ridge crossing the core-triradius line was also measured in degrees on each side of the whorl. Significant differences and similarities of these angles were investigated for unrelated Caucasian males and females by the use of Student's t- and Pearson's r-tests. Angular findings were related to the corresponding information provided by ridge counts. Similarities and differences between males and females are described.     

Chemical equilibrium and E value of Zn (ZnE) in inceptisols and entisols of tropical india

Summary The chemical equilibrium and E value for Zn was calculated in 9 soils of Haryana (India) which represented mainly entisol and inceptisols. The rate of isotopic exchange between⁶⁵Zn and native soil Zn was quite rapid and radioactivity reduced to about 0.2 per cent of initial activity after 3 days but total Zn concentration in soil solution did not decrease. In 5 out of 9 soils equilibrium was established in 2 to 3 days. In typic ustochrepts having high clay content (3,4) equilibrium was attained in two days. In typic udipsamments (2), typic camborthids (8) and aquic vertic ustichrepts (9) it took 3 days to set equilibrium. Typic ustochrepts (5) took 5 days for equilibrium whereas typic ustipssaments (6) and typic camborthids of high O.C. did not attain equilibrium even in 7 days. This indicated that the chemistry and availability of Zn in soil would depend on soil types. When Zn_E was estimated by applying activity after equilibrium with carrier Zn and by applying activity with carrier Zn before equilibrium was set, there was no agreement in Zn_E in two methods. Increasing Zn_E with increasing Zn dose was observed by both methods only in alkaline typic ustochrept (4). In some soils higher E values than added amounts were observed, whereas, in soil 8 negative E values were obtained. The E values become erratic and are over estimated where complex reactions take place due to high pH, high O.C. and high complex forming elements.     

Transection of the aorta for repair of pulmonary artery branch stenosis after creation of a Waterston shunt

Closure of a Waterston shunt can usually be performed at the time of corrective surgery, either from the inside of the aorta or by detaching it from outside the aorta and patching the pulmonary artery. We propose a different approach for closing the shunt and repairing pulmonary artery stenosis.     

Changes in soluble amino nitrogen,protein, nitrate reductase activity and abscisic acid during development of wheat grain

Trends in the time course, changes in the moisture, soluble amino acids, proline, abscisic acid contents and nitrate reductase activity determined byin vivo method in the developing seeds of wheat were studied. Maximum dry matter augmentation in the seed took place in the period between 10–30 days after anthesis. Per cent moisture and moisture content started declining 15 days and 25 days after anthesis, respectively. Levels of soluble amino acids, proline and nitrate reductase activity were higher during initial stages of seed development, but decreased with increasing magnitude of dehydration and accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) in the maturing seeds.     

Salt distribution around roots of wheat under different transpiration rates

Summary Magnitude of Na and Cl accumulation around wheat roots was studied under different transpiration conditions in a loamy sand soil salinized with sodium chloride to an electrical conductivity of 4.1 mmho/cm in the saturation extract. A significant correlation was observed between rate of water loss per unit root length and Na and Cl content of the soil closely adhering to the roots. Under high transpiration condition, maximum ion accumulation occurred in the apparent free space of roots followed by the soil closely adhering to the roots. Results indicate that salt concentration at the root surface is markedly altered under the influence of transpiration rate such that under high transpiration conditions, the plant roots may be exposed to a much higher salt concentration than that anticipated from an analysis of the bulk soil samples.Department of Soil and Water EngineeringDepartment of Soils     

Effect of soil compaction and nitrogen placement on weed population,yield and moisture use pattern of rainfed wheat

Summary Field experiments showed that soil compaction did not affect wheat yield significantly under rainfed conditions. Weed population was significantly reduced due to soil compaction. Compaction decreased total moisture use and increased water use efficiency. There was better and profitable utilization of stored soil moisture from the compaction treatments as compared to no compaction treatment.Placement of nitrogen about 10 to 15 cm deep in the soil directly below the seed resulted in significant increase in the yield of wheat crop grown under rainfed conditions. Weed population was not affected due to nitrogen placement. Total moisture use reduced due to nitrogen placement. Under rainfed conditions, deep placement of nitrogen was important for increasing the efficiency of fertilizer as well as water utilization by wheat crop.