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131.
Schiaffino MV Tacchetti C 《Pigment cell research / sponsored by the European Society for Pigment Cell Research and the International Pigment Cell Society》2005,18(4):227-233
Ocular albinism type 1 is an X-linked disorder characterized by severe reduction of visual acuity, retinal hypopigmentation, foveal hypoplasia, optic misrouting and the presence of giant melanosomes (macromelanosomes) in skin melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelium. The protein product of the OA1 gene is a pigment cell specific membrane glycoprotein, displaying structural and functional features of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, in contrast to all other previously characterized GPCRs, OA1 is not localized to the plasma membrane, but is targeted to intracellular organelles, namely late endosomes/lysosomes and melanosomes. These unique characteristics suggest that OA1 represents the first example described so far of an exclusively intracellular GPCR and regulates melanosome biogenesis by transducing signals from the organelle lumen to the cytosol. These findings support previous hypotheses that GPCR-mediated signaling might also operate at the internal membranes in mammalian cells. 相似文献
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Vittoria Rago Francesco Romeo Francesca Giordano Aurora Ferraro Sebastiano Andò Amalia Carpino 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2009,7(1):56
Background
Estrogens exert a role on germ cell physiology of normal human testis through the mediation of the estrogen receptor (ER) beta subtypes. Epidemiological studies evidenced an increased incidence of testicular germ cell cancer after elevated pre-natal estrogen exposure but the expression of estrogen receptors in these testicular neoplasms has not been well elucidated. 相似文献135.
Marianna Giannini Martina Giannaccini Teresa Sibillano Cinzia Giannini Dun Liu Zhigang Wang Andrea Baù Luciana Dente Alfred Cuschieri Vittoria Raffa 《PloS one》2014,9(12)
All biomaterials initiate a tissue response when implanted in living tissues. Ultimately this reaction causes fibrous encapsulation and hence isolation of the material, leading to failure of the intended therapeutic effect of the implant. There has been extensive bioengineering research aimed at overcoming or delaying the onset of encapsulation. Nanotechnology has the potential to address this problem by virtue of the ability of some nanomaterials to modulate interactions with cells, thereby inducing specific biological responses to implanted foreign materials. To this effect in the present study, we have characterised the growth of fibroblasts on nano-structured sheets constituted by BaTiO3, a material extensively used in biomedical applications. We found that sheets of vertically aligned BaTiO3 nanotubes inhibit cell cycle progression - without impairing cell viability - of NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells. We postulate that the 3D organization of the material surface acts by increasing the availability of adhesion sites, promoting cell attachment and inhibition of cell proliferation. This finding could be of relevance for biomedical applications designed to prevent or minimize fibrous encasement by uncontrolled proliferation of fibroblastic cells with loss of material-tissue interface underpinning long-term function of implants. 相似文献
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Giuseppina Andreotti Maria Chiara Monti Valentina Citro Maria Vittoria Cubellis 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
The most frequent disorder of glycosylation is due to mutations in the gene encoding phosphomannomutase2 (PMM2-CDG). For this disease, which is autosomal and recessive, there is no cure at present. Most patients are composite heterozygous and carry one allele encoding an inactive mutant, R141H, and one encoding a hypomorphic mutant. Phosphomannomutase2 is a dimer. We reproduced composite heterozygosity in vitro by mixing R141H either with the wild type protein or the most common hypomorphic mutant F119L and compared the quaternary structure, the activity and the stability of the heterodimeric enzymes. We demonstrated that the activity of R141H/F119L heterodimers in vitro, which reproduces the protein found in patients, has the same activity of wild type/R141H, which reproduces the protein found in healthy carriers. On the other hand the stability of R141H/F119L appears to be reduced both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that a therapy designed to enhance protein stability such as those based on pharmacological chaperones or modulation of proteostasis could be beneficial for PMM2-CDG patients carrying R141H/F119L genotype as well as for other genotypes where protein stability rather than specific activity is affected by mutations. 相似文献
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Pseudomonas corrugata crpCDE is part of the cyclic lipopeptide corpeptin biosynthetic gene cluster and is involved in bacterial virulence in tomato and in hypersensitive response in Nicotiana benthamiana
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Abstract Pinus Pinea ovules cultured in vitro. — The degree of growth and autonomical differentiation of Pinus pinea L. proembryo has been studied by means of controlled cultures in vitro of excised ovules. Proembryos in vitro undergo involution and initials of their growth points change back into parenchimatoides cells. Completely differentiated embryos cultivated in vitro behave as if they were not physiologicaly ripe in all their parts. Embryos cultured in august, september and october develop into rocotless seedlings. Only embryos cultured in november have roots able to elongate where germinating, but in a still scarce degree in comparison with hypocotile and cotiledons. Hypocotil root ratio is inverted as regards what happens in nature. The primary endosperm of Pinus pinea L. cultivated in vitro undergoes surface diffuse proliferation. A case of polyembriony has been observed. 相似文献
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