排序方式: 共有337条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Vineet Kumar Srivastava Shailendra Raikwar Renu Tuteja Narendra Tuteja 《Plant cell reports》2016,35(5):1021-1041
Key message
PsSEOF-1 binds to calcium and its expression is upregulated by salinity treatment. PsSEOF - 1 -overexpressing transgenic tobacco showed enhanced salinity stress tolerance by maintaining cellular ion homeostasis and modulating ROS-scavenging pathway.Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays important role in growth, development and stress tolerance in plants. Cellular Ca2+ homeostasis is achieved by the collective action of channels, pumps, antiporters and by Ca2+ chelators present in the cell like calcium-binding proteins. Forisomes are ATP-independent mechanically active motor proteins known to function in wound sealing of injured sieve elements of phloem tissue. The Ca2+-binding activity of forisome and its role in abiotic stress signaling were largely unknown. Here we report the Ca2+-binding activity of pea forisome (PsSEO-F1) and its novel function in promoting salinity tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Native PsSEO-F1 promoter positively responded in salinity stress as confirmed using GUS reporter. Overexpression of PsSEO-F1 tobacco plants confers salinity tolerance by alleviating ionic toxicity and increased ROS scavenging activity which probably results in reduced membrane damage and improved yield under salinity stress. Evaluation of several physiological indices shows an increase in relative water content, electrolyte leakage, proline accumulation and chlorophyll content in transgenic lines as compared with null-segregant control. Expression of several genes involved in cellular homeostasis is perturbed by PsSEO-F1 overexpression. These findings suggest that PsSEO-F1 provides salinity tolerance through cellular Ca2+ homeostasis which in turn modulates ROS machinery providing indirect link between Ca2+ and ROS signaling under salinity-induced perturbation. PsSEO-F1 most likely functions in salinity stress tolerance by improving antioxidant machinery and mitigating ion toxicity in transgenic lines. This finding should make an important contribution in our better understanding of the significance of calcium signaling in phloem tissue leading to salinity stress tolerance.62.
Bianca V Gapp Tomasz Konopka Thomas Penz Vineet Dalal Tilmann Bürckstümmer Christoph Bock Sebastian MB Nijman 《Molecular systems biology》2016,12(8)
Reverse genetic screens have driven gene annotation and target discovery in model organisms. However, many disease‐relevant genotypes and phenotypes cannot be studied in lower organisms. It is therefore essential to overcome technical hurdles associated with large‐scale reverse genetics in human cells. Here, we establish a reverse genetic approach based on highly robust and sensitive multiplexed RNA sequencing of mutant human cells. We conduct 10 parallel screens using a collection of engineered haploid isogenic cell lines with knockouts covering tyrosine kinases and identify known and unexpected effects on signaling pathways. Our study provides proof of concept for a scalable approach to link genotype to phenotype in human cells, which has broad applications. In particular, it clears the way for systematic phenotyping of still poorly characterized human genes and for systematic study of uncharacterized genomic features associated with human disease. 相似文献
63.
Bipra Bishnu Sudipto Bhaduri Ajay M. V. Kumar Eleanor S. Click Vineet Kumar Chadha Srinath Satyanarayana Sreenivas Achutan Nair Devesh Gupta Quazi T. Ahmed Silajit Sarkar Durba Paul Puneet Dewan 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Background
National policy in India recommends HIV testing of all patients with TB. In West Bengal state, only 28% of patients with TB were tested for HIV between April-June, 2010. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to understand patient, provider and health system related factors associated with low uptake of HIV testing among patients with TB.Methods
We reviewed TB and HIV program records to assess the HIV testing status of patients registered for anti-TB treatment from July-September 2010 in South-24-Parganas district, West Bengal, assessed availability of HIV testing kits and interviewed a random sample of patients with TB and providers.Results
Among 1633 patients with TB with unknown HIV status at the time of diagnosis, 435 (26%) were tested for HIV within the intensive phase of TB treatment. Patients diagnosed with and treated for TB at facilities with co-located HIV testing services were more likely to get tested for HIV than at facilities without [RR = 1.27, (95% CI 1.20–3.35)]. Among 169 patients interviewed, 67 reported they were referred for HIV testing, among whom 47 were tested. During interviews, providers attributed the low proportion of patients with TB being referred and tested for HIV to inadequate knowledge among providers about the national policy, belief that patients will not test for HIV even if they are referred, shortage of HIV testing kits, and inadequate supervision by both programs.Discussion
In West Bengal, poor uptake of HIV testing among patients with TB was associated with absence of HIV testing services at sites providing TB care services and to poor referral practices among providers. Comprehensive strategies to change providers’ beliefs and practices, decentralization of HIV testing to all TB care centers, and improved HIV test kit supply chain management may increase the proportion of patients with TB who are tested for HIV. 相似文献64.
Carbamoylethylation of guar gum was carried out with acrylamide in presence of sodium hydroxide under different reaction conditions. Variables studied were concentration of sodium hydroxide, acrylamide, guar gum as well as reaction temperature and time. The nitrogen content, carboxyl content and total ether content were determined. Rheological properties of carbamoylethyl guar gum solutions showed non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior regardless of the %N. At a constant rate of shear, the apparent viscosity of carbamoylethyl guar gum solutions decreases with the increase in %N of the product. 相似文献
65.
Vineet Kumar Amira Sharief Ritam Dutta Tanoy Mukherjee Bheem Dutt Joshi Mukesh Thakur Kailash Chandra Bhupendra Singh Adhikari Lalit Kumar Sharma 《Ecology and evolution》2022,12(7)
Brown bear‐mediated conflicts have caused immense economic loss to the local people living across the distribution range. In India, limited knowledge is available on the Himalayan brown bear (HBB), making human–brown bear conflict (HBC) mitigation more challenging. In this study, we studied HBC in the Lahaul valley using a semi‐structured questionnaire survey by interviewing 398 respondents from 37 villages. About 64.8% of respondents reported conflict in two major groups—crop damage (30.6%) and livestock depredations (6.2%), while 28% reported both. Conflict incidences were relatively high in summer and frequently occurred in areas closer to the forest (<500 m) and between the elevations range of 2700 m to 3000 m above sea level (asl). The dependency of locals on forest resources (70%) for their livelihood makes them vulnerable to HBC. The “upper lower” class respondents were most impacted among the various socioeconomic classes. Two of the four clusters were identified as HBC hot spots in Lahaul valley using SaTscan analysis. We also obtained high HBC in cluster II with a 14.35 km radius. We found that anthropogenic food provisioning for HBB, livestock grazing in bear habitats, and poor knowledge of animal behavior among the communities were the major causes of HBC. We suggest horticulture crop waste management, controlled and supervised grazing, ecotourism, the constitution of community watch groups, and others to mitigate HBC. We also recommend notifying a few HBB abundant sites in the valley as protected areas for the long‐term viability of the HBB in the landscape. 相似文献
66.
Unrestrictive identification of post-translational modifications through peptide mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Proteins are post-translationally modified in vivo as part of cellular regulation and signaling, and undergo further chemical modifications during laboratory processing. Even relatively simple protein samples may carry a wide range of modifications. Peptide tandem mass spectrometry provides a way to study these events. We present a protocol for computational identification of post-translational modifications (PTMs) and the sites where they occur. The protocol performs an unrestrictive search, and requires no prior knowledge of what modifications are present in the sample. We present a largely automated procedure for PTM discovery, and provide a guide for analysis of PTM annotations. This protocol requires you to type out several commands, so you may wish to enlist the help of a colleague familiar with the computer's command-line interface. A typical MS run of up to 25,000 scans can be searched and analyzed in 3 h. 相似文献
67.
Frequency up‐conversion (UC) emission from the Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) phosphors prepared by the solution combustion technique in the visible range have been studied by using 980 nm near infrared (NIR) laser diode excitation. The crystalline structure and formation of the cubic phase has been confirmed with the help of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies. XRD peak shifts have been found towards the lower diffraction angle side in the case of the Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped phosphors. Surface morphology and particle size information have been observed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Down‐conversion emission study under 351 nm excitation in the visible region for the Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped phosphors has been performed. The UC emission bands lying in the green and red region arising from the Nd3+ ions have been enhanced by ~260 times, ~113 times due to incorporation of Li+ ions in the Nd3+‐Yb3+ co‐doped phosphors. Photometric characterization has been done for the Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped phosphors. The present study suggests the capability of the synthesized phosphors in near‐infrared (NIR) to visible upconverter and luminescent device applications. 相似文献
68.
Herpes simplex viruses lacking the virion host shutoff function (Δvhs) are avirulent and hypersensitive to type I and type II interferon (IFN). In this study, we demonstrate that even in the absence of IFN responses in AG129 (IFN-αβγR(-/-)) mice, Δvhs remains highly attenuated via corneal infection but is fully virulent via intracranial infection. The data demonstrate that the interferon-independent inherent replication defect of Δvhs has a significant impact upon peripheral replication and neuroinvasion. 相似文献
69.
Lee K Mulky A Yuen W Martin TD Meyerson NR Choi L Yu H Sawyer SL Kewalramani VN 《Journal of virology》2012,86(7):3851-3860
The antiviral factor CPSF6-358 restricts human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection through an interaction with capsid (CA), preventing virus nuclear entry and integration. HIV-1 acquires resistance to CPSF6-358 through an N74D mutation of CA that impairs binding of the antiviral factor. Here we examined the determinants within CPSF6-358 that are necessary for CA-specific interaction. Residues 314 to 322 include amino acids that are essential for CPSF6-358 restriction of HIV-1. Fusion of CPSF6 residues 301 to 358 to rhesus TRIM5α is also sufficient to restrict wild-type but not N74D HIV-1. Restriction is lost if CPSF6 residues in the amino acid 314 to 322 interaction motif are mutated. Examination of the CA targeting motif in CPSF6-358 did not reveal evidence of positive selection. Given the sensitivity of different primate lentiviruses to CPSF6-358 and apparent conservation of this interaction, our data suggest that CPSF6-358-mediated targeting of HIV-1 could provide a broadly effective antiviral strategy. 相似文献
70.