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11.
V. Balaji Peter Daley Alok Azad Anand Thambu Sudarsanam Joy Sarojini Michael Rani Diana Sahni Poorvi Chordia Ige Abraham George Kurien Thomas Alka Ganesh K. R. John Dilip Mathai 《PloS one》2010,5(3)
Background
India has a high burden of drug resistant TB, although there are few data on XDR-TB. Although XDR-TB has existed previously in India, the definition has not been widely applied, and surveillance using second line drug susceptibility testing has not been performed. Our objective was to analyze clinical and demographic risk factors associated with isolation of MDR and XDR TB as compared to susceptible controls, at a tertiary center.Methodology/Findings
Retrospective chart review based on positive cultures isolated in a high volume mycobacteriology laboratory between 2002 and 2007. 47 XDR, 30 MDR and 117 susceptible controls were examined. Drug resistant cases were less likely to be extrapulmonary, and had received more previous treatment regimens. Significant risk factors for XDR-TB included residence outside the local state (OR 7.43, 3.07-18.0) and care costs subsidized (OR 0.23, 0.097-0.54) in bivariate analysis and previous use of a fluoroquinolone and injectable agent (other than streptomycin) (OR 7.00, 95% C.I. 1.14-43.03) and an initial treatment regimen which did not follow national guidelines (OR 5.68, 1.24-25.96) in multivariate analysis. Cavitation and HIV did not influence drug resistance.Conclusions/Significance
There is significant selection bias in the sample available. Selection pressure from previous treatment and an inadequate initial regimen increases risk of drug resistance. Local patients and those requiring financial subsidies may be at lower risk of XDR-TB. 相似文献12.
A study was undertaken to investigate the presence of archaeal diversity in saltpan sediments of Goa, India by 16S rDNA-dependent
molecular phylogeny. Small subunit rRNA (16S rDNA) from saltpan sediment metagenome were amplified by polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) using primers specific to the domain archaea. 10 unique phylotypes were obtained by PCR based RFLP of 16S rRNA genes
using endonuclease Msp 1, which was most suitable to score the genetic diversity. These phylotypes spanned a wide range within the domain archaea
including both crenarchaeota and euryarcheaota. None of the retrieved crenarchaeota sequences could be grouped with previously
cultured crenarchaeota however; two sequences were related with haloarchaea. Most of the sequences determined were closely
related to the sequences that had been previously obtained from metagenome of a variety of marine environments. The phylogenetic
study of a site investigated for the first time revealed the presence of low archaeal population but showed yet unclassified
species, may specially adapted to the salt pan sediment of Goa. 相似文献
13.
Angelika Bröer Sarojini Balkrishna Gabor Kottra Sarah Davis Aaron Oakley 《Molecular membrane biology》2013,30(5-7):333-346
The system IMINO transporter plays an essential role in the transport of proline and hydroxyproline in the intestine and kidney. Its molecular correlate has been identified and named SIT1 or IMINO (SLC6A20). Initial characterization of the transporter showed it to be Na+ and Cl?-dependent, but the stoichiometry remained unresolved. Using homology modeling along the structure of the bacterial leucine transporter LeuT, we identified two highly conserved Na+-binding sites and a putative Cl?-binding site. Mutation of all residues in the two proposed Na+-binding sites revealed that most of them were essential for uptake and completely inactivated the transporter. However, mutants A22V (Na+-binding site 1) and mutants S20A, S20G, S20G/G405S (Na+-binding site 2) were partially active and characterized further. Flux studies suggested that mutations of Na+-binding site 1 caused a decrease of the Na+-K0.5, whereas mutations of site 2 increased the K0.5. Mutation of Na+-binding site 1 also changed the ion selectivity of the IMINO transporter. IMINO actively translocates 36Cl? demonstrating that the proposed chloride binding site is used in the transporter. Accumulation experiments and flux measurements at different holding potentials showed that the transporter can work as a 2Na+/1Cl?-proline cotransporter. The proposed homology model allows to study mutations in IMINO associated with iminoglycinuria. 相似文献
14.
Rosendo Estrada Na Li Harshini Sarojini Jin AN Menq‐Jer Lee Eugenia Wang 《Journal of cellular physiology》2009,219(3):563-571
It is well known that bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are involved in wound healing and regeneration responses. In this study, we globally profiled the proteome of MSCs to investigate critical factor(s) that may promote wound healing. Cysteine‐rich protein 61 (Cyr61) was found to be abundantly present in MSCs. The presence of Cyr61 was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot analysis. Moreover, we showed that Cyr61 is present in the culture medium (secretome) of MSCs. The secretome of MSCs stimulates angiogenic response in vitro, and neovascularization in vivo. Depletion of Cyr61 completely abrogates the angiogenic‐inducing capability of the MSC secretome. Importantly, addition of recombinant Cyr61 polypeptides restores the angiogenic activity of Cyr61‐depleted secretome. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Cyr61 polypeptide in MSC secretome contributes to the angiogenesis‐promoting activity, a key event needed for regeneration and repair of injured tissues. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 563–571, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
15.
Molecular cloning of enantioselective ester hydrolase from Bacillus pumilus DBRL-191 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rasool S Johri S Riyaz-ul-Hassan S Maqbool QU Verma V Koul S Taneja SC Qazi GN 《FEMS microbiology letters》2005,249(1):113-120
A gene from Bacillus pumilus expressed under its native promoter was cloned in Escherichia coli. Recombinant B. pumilus esterase (BPE) affects the kinetic resolution of racemic mixtures such as unsubstituted and substituted 1-(phenyl)ethanols (E approximately 33-103), ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (E approximately 45-71), trans-4-fluorophenyl-3-hydroxymethyl-N-methylpiperidine (E approximately 10-13) and ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyrate (E approximately 7). The enzyme is composed of a 34-amino acid signal peptide and a 181-amino acid mature protein corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 19.2kD and pI approximately 9.4. 3-D the structural model of the enzyme built by homology modelling using the atomic coordinates from the crystal structure of B. subtilis lipase (LipA) showed a compact minimal alpha/beta hydrolase fold. 相似文献
16.
Narayana B Ashalatha BV Vijaya Raj KK Fernandes J Sarojini BK 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2005,13(15):4638-4644
An efficient and modified synthesis of ethyl-4-nitro/5-nitro/6-nitro and 7-nitroindole-2-carboxylates is described. Carbohydrazides of corresponding ethyl nitroindole-2-carboxylates underwent smooth one-step transformation to 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl nitroindoles (4a-l) on reaction with aromatic carboxylic acids in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride. An alternate method to synthesize 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl nitroindoles is also described. Among the newly synthesized 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl nitroindoles, a few compounds are studied for anti-inflammatory activity. 相似文献
17.
Vijayalekshmi Sarojini R. Balaji Rao S. Ragothama Padmanabhan Balaram 《Journal of peptide science》2010,16(8):430-436
The solution conformation of a designed tetradecapeptide Boc‐Val‐Ala‐Leu‐Dpg‐Val‐Ala‐Leu‐Val‐Ala‐Leu‐Dpg‐Val‐Ala‐Leu‐OMe (Dpg‐14) containing two di‐n‐propyl glycine (Dpg) residues has been investigated by 1H NMR and circular dichroism in organic solvents. The peptide aggregates formed at a concentration of 3 mM in the apolar solvent CDCl3 were broken by the addition of 12% v/v of the more polar solvent DMSO‐d6. Successive NiH Ni+1H NOEs observed over the entire length of the sequence in this solvent mixture together with the observation of several characteristic medium‐range NOEs support a major population of continuous helical conformations for Dpg‐14. Majority of the observed coupling constants ( ) also support ? values in the helical conformation. Circular dichroism spectra recorded in methanol and propan‐2‐ol give further support in favor of helical conformation for Dpg‐14 and the stability of the helix at higher temperature. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
Inhibition of glycine oxidation by carboxymethoxylamine, methoxylamine, and acethydrazide 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Carboxymethoxylamine (amino-oxyacetate), methoxylamine, and acethydrazide are shown to be effective, although not completely specific, inhibitors of glycine oxidation by the isolated glycine decarboxylase multienzyme complex, mitochondria, protoplasts, and leaf discs from peas. The inhibition probably results from a reaction between these compounds and the pyridoxal 5-phosphate cofactor of the enzyme. 相似文献
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