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91.
N. Sallaberry‐Pincheira C. F. Garin D. González‐Acuña M. A. Sallaberry J. A. Vianna 《Diversity & distributions》2011,17(1):152-162
Aim The Chilean long‐tailed snake (Philodryas chamissonis) has a wide distribution across different latitudes and ecosystems in Chile ranging from the south of the Atacama Desert (26° S) to the extremely humid Valdivian temperate rain forest (40° S). Throughout this vast distribution, which is isolated by the Andes mountain range on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west, there are biogeographical boundaries and large geographical barriers that must have played an important role in the distribution of genetic diversity within this species. This study aimed at elucidating the evolutionary history of P. chamissonis in Chile by analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Location Chile (29°41′–38°23′ S). Methods We extracted DNA from 66 tissue samples collected across different latitudes and amplified and sequenced the mitochondrial DNA control region and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene for phylogenetic and population analysis. Results Four distinct haplogroups were identified for P. chamissonis. These are highly consistent with a latitudinal geographic pattern, different ecosystems and the increase in topography towards central Chile. Three of the four haplogroups are concentrated in central Chile (33° S latitude) where the highest herpetofaunal diversity of the country is found. The Maipo River acts as historical geographical barrier for the species influenced by Pleistocene glaciation cycles, leading to a marked phylogeographical boundary. A strong population structure was found for the species (Φst = 0.78, P < 0.0001), with a high haplotype diversity (h = 0.97 ± 0.01) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0151 ± 0.0077). Main conclusions At least three evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) were designated for the species, and these should be taken into account for conservation plans. Three of the four haplogroups found within P. chamissonis are already threatened because their distribution along central Chile overlaps with most of the largest cities in the country. 相似文献
92.
Rhonda C Foley Ling-Ling Gao Andrew Spriggs Lena YC Soo Danica E Goggin Penelope MC Smith Craig A Atkins Karam B Singh 《BMC plant biology》2011,11(1):59
Background
In legumes, seed storage proteins are important for the developing seedling and are an important source of protein for humans and animals. Lupinus angustifolius (L.), also known as narrow-leaf lupin (NLL) is a grain legume crop that is gaining recognition as a potential human health food as the grain is high in protein and dietary fibre, gluten-free and low in fat and starch. 相似文献93.
Plants present various advantages for the production of biomolecules, including low risk of contamination with prions, viruses and other pathogens, scalability, low production costs, and available agronomical systems. Plants are also versatile vehicles for the production of recombinant molecules because they allow protein expression in various organs, such as tubers and seeds, which naturally accumulate large amounts of protein. Among crop plants, soybean is an excellent protein producer. Soybean plants are also a good source of abundant and cheap biomass and can be cultivated under controlled greenhouse conditions. Under containment, the plant cycle can be manipulated and the final seed yield can be maximized for large-scale protein production within a small and controlled area. Exploitation of specific regulatory sequences capable of directing and accumulating recombinant proteins in protein storage vacuoles in soybean seeds, associated with recently developed biological research tools and purification systems, has great potential to accelerate preliminary characterization of plant-derived biopharmaceuticals and industrial macromolecules. This is an important step in the development of genetically engineered products that are inexpensive and safe for medicinal, food and other uses. 相似文献
94.
Leonardo A. Monteiro Andrew M. Allee Eleanor E. Campbell Lee R. Lynd Johnny R. Soares Deepak Jaiswal Julianne de Castro Oliveira Murilo dos Santos Vianna Ashley E. Morishige Gleyce K. D. A. Figueiredo Rubens A. C. Lamparelli Nathaniel D. Mueller James Gerber Luis A. B. Cortez John J. Sheehan 《Global Change Biology》2020,26(3):1820-1832
To meet rising demands for agricultural products, existing agricultural lands must either produce more or expand in area. Yield gaps (YGs)—the difference between current and potential yield of agricultural systems—indicate the ability to increase output while holding land area constant. Here, we assess YGs in global grazed‐only permanent pasture lands using a climate binning approach. We create a snapshot of circa 2000 empirical yields for meat and milk production from cattle, sheep, and goats by sorting pastures into climate bins defined by total annual precipitation and growing degree‐days. We then estimate YGs from intra‐bin yield comparisons. We evaluate YG patterns across three FAO definitions of grazed livestock agroecosystems (arid, humid, and temperate), and groups of animal production systems that vary in animal types and animal products. For all subcategories of grazed‐only permanent pasture assessed, we find potential to increase productivity several‐fold over current levels. However, because productivity of grazed pasture systems is generally low, even large relative increases in yield translated to small absolute gains in global protein production. In our dataset, milk‐focused production systems were found to be seven times as productive as meat‐focused production systems regardless of animal type, while cattle were four times as productive as sheep and goats regardless of animal output type. Sustainable intensification of pasture is most promising for local development, where large relative increases in production can substantially increase incomes or “spare” large amounts of land for other uses. Our results motivate the need for further studies to target agroecological and economic limitations on productivity to improve YG estimates and identify sustainable pathways toward intensification. 相似文献
95.
Diechodactylus joaberi n. g., n. sp. is described from the body surface of the banded knifefish Gymnotus carapo L. (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) from southeastern Brazil. The new genus is proposed to accommodate species with five pairs of hooks in anterior bilateral clusters on the haptor, three pairs of hooks in a single cluster on the posterior margin of the haptor, sclerites R1 associated with the superficial bar, and confluent intestinal caeca. The presence of five pairs of hooks in two bilateral clusters anterior in the haptor permits the differentiation of species of Diechodactylus from species of all known genera of the Gyrodactylidae. The genus is likely a member of a clade of the Gyrodactylidae comprising genera with a similar hook distribution. 相似文献
96.
A genome survey of Moniliophthora perniciosa gives new insights into Witches' Broom Disease of cacao
Jorge MC Mondego Marcelo F Carazzolle Gustavo GL Costa Eduardo F Formighieri Lucas P Parizzi Johana Rincones Carolina Cotomacci Dirce M Carraro Anderson F Cunha Helaine Carrer Ramon O Vidal Raíssa C Estrela Odalys García Daniela PT Thomazella Bruno V de Oliveira Acássia BL Pires Carolina S Maria Rio Marcos Renato R Araújo Marcos H de Moraes Luis AB Castro Karina P Gramacho Marilda S Gonçalves José P Moura Neto Aristóteles Góes Neto Luciana V Barbosa Mark J Guiltinan Bryan A Bailey Lyndel W Meinhardt Julio CM Cascardo Gonçalo AG Pereira 《BMC genomics》2008,9(1):1-25
97.
Dubey JP Sreekumar C Knickman E Miska KB Vianna MC Kwok OC Hill DE Jenkins MC Lindsay DS Greene CE 《International journal for parasitology》2004,34(10):1157-1167
Isolation and biologic and molecular attributes of Neospora caninum from three littermate dogs are described. Tissue cysts were confined to the brain and striated muscles. N. caninum was isolated (isolates NC-6, NC-7, and NC-8) in rodents and cell culture that had been inoculated with brain tissue from the dogs. Schizont-like stages reactive with N. caninum antibodies were seen in cell cultures seeded with bradyzoites released from Percoll-isolated N. caninum tissue cysts from the brain of one dog. Tissue cysts were infective orally to mice and gerbils, but not to cats and dogs. The isolates were also identified as N. caninum by PCR and sequence analysis. 相似文献
98.
Karla de Jesus Fernandes de Oliveira Carmen Marino Donangelo Astrogildo Vianna de Oliveira Jr. Carmen Lucia Porto da Silveira Josely Correa Koury 《Cell biochemistry and function》2009,27(3):162-166
Puberty associated with intense physical activity results in oxidation stress. Zinc supplementation may benefit antioxidant capacity although it may also affect iron and copper status. This study evaluated the effect of zinc supplementation on antioxidant, zinc and copper status of physically active male football players (13 years ± 0.4 years), divided in two groups and studied during 12 weeks: Zn‐supplemented (Zn‐SUP, 22 mg Zn d?1 as zinc gluconate, n = 21) and placebo (PLA, n = 26). At baseline, there was no significant difference in biochemical indices between the two groups. After treatment, plasma zinc and erythrocyte iron increased in both groups (p < 0.001); urinary zinc increased (p < 0.001) only in Zn‐SUP, and erythrocyte zinc decreased (p = 0.002) only in PLA. Plasma iron and copper decreased (p = 0.01 and p = 0.015, respectively) only in Zn‐SUP. Plasma ferric‐reducing ability and plasma conjugated dienes increased, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility decrease in both groups, although the latter two were significantly lower in Zn‐SUP compared to PLA (p < 0.01). In conclusion, our study indicates that the use of 22 mg d?1 of supplemental zinc during 12 week in adolescent athletes did not affect growth, improved markers of antioxidant status but reduced plasma iron and copper. Therefore, it appears that the use of zinc supplementation by healthy adolescent athletes benefits their antioxidant capacity but impairs copper and iron nutritional status. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
99.
100.
Ferry Cornelissen Adriana MC Mus Patrick S Asmawidjaja Jan Piet van Hamburg Joel Tocker Erik Lubberts 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(6):R194