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21.
Hanan EJ Fucini RV Romanowski MJ Elling RA Lew W Purkey HE VanderPorten EC Yang W 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2008,18(19):5186-5189
A series of 2-amino-isoxazolopyridines was designed and synthesized as Polo-like kinase (Plk) inhibitors. Key SAR and crystallographic data are discussed. More advanced analogues inhibit Plk1 with good enzymatic activity and modest cell-based activity. Differential selectivity among the three Plk isoforms is observed. 相似文献
22.
The molecular evolution of the alcohol dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase-related genes in the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The DNA sequences of the Adh genes of three members of the Drosophila
melanogaster species subgroup have been determined. This completes the Adh
sequences of the eight species of this subgroup. Two species, D. yakuba and
D. teissieri, possess processed Adh pseudogenes. In all of the species of
the subgroup, a gene of unknown function, Adhr, is located about 300 bp 3'
to Adh. Although this gene is experiencing a higher rate of synonymous
substitution than Adh, it is more constrained at the amino acid level.
Phylogenetic relationships between all eight members of the melanogaster
subgroup have been analyzed using a variety of methods. All analyses
suggested that the D. yakuba and D. teissieri pseudogenes have a single
common ancestor, rather than evolving independently in each species, and
that D. melanogaster is the sister species to D. simulans, D. sechellia,
and D. mauritiana. The evolutionary relationships of the latter three
species remain equivocal.
相似文献
23.
Positive selection and sequence rearrangements generate extensive polymorphism in the gamete recognition protein bindin 总被引:15,自引:12,他引:15
Bindin is a gamete recognition protein of sea urchins that mediates
species-specific attachment of sperm to an egg-surface receptor during
fertilization. Sequences of bindin from closely related urchins show fixed
species-specific differences. Within species, highly polymorphic bindin
alleles result from point substitution, insertion/deletion, and
recombination. Since speciation, positive selection favoring allelic
variants has generated diversity in bindin polypeptides. Intraspecific
bindin variation can be tolerated by the egg receptor, which suggests
functional parallels between this system and other flexible recognition
systems, including immune recognition. These results show that polymorphism
in mate recognition loci required for rapid evolution of sexual isolation
can arise within natural populations.
相似文献
24.
25.
The inoculation of wheat ears with 27 isolates ofFusarium culmorum in growth stage 65 reduced 1000-grain weights by 14 to 61%. For the phytopathological characterisation of isolates the virulence on primary wheat leaves and the growth rate an potato-dextrose-agar were assessed. Deoxynivalenol-producing isolates ofF. culmorum reduced the 1000-grain weight more than nivalenol-producing isolates. 相似文献
26.
A likelihood method for the detection of selection and recombination using nucleotide sequences 总被引:16,自引:12,他引:16
Different regions along nucleotide sequences are often subject to different
evolutionary forces. Recombination will result in regions having different
evolutionary histories, while selection can cause regions to evolve at
different rates. This paper presents a statistical method based on
likelihood for detecting such processes by identifying the regions which do
not fit with a single phylogenetic topology and nucleotide substitution
process along the entire sequence. Subsequent reanalysis of these anomalous
regions may then be possible. The method is tested using simulations, and
its application is demonstrated using the primate psi eta-globin
pseudogene, the V3 region of the envelope gene of HIV-1, and argF sequences
from Neisseria bacteria. Reanalysis of anomalous regions is shown to reveal
possible immune selection in HIV-1 and recombination in Neisseria. A
computer program which implements the method is available.
相似文献
27.
In 1998–2000 a monitoring of the spectrum of Fusarium species on winter wheat was carried out in the Rhineland. The epidemic spread ofFusarium spp. on wheat plants during growing season was investigated as well as the grain contamination after harvest.F avenaceum was the Fusarium species isolated most frequently followed byF culmorum, F poae andF graminearum. Microdochium nivale occurred considerably only in 1998. Both, susceptibility and plant height of the cultivars were correlated to the incidence of Fusarium species /M nivale on harvested kernels; interactions with cropping intensities were detected. The incidence ofF poae seemed to be independent of the cultivar-specific Fusarium susceptibility. Despite the lack of disease symptoms, between growth stages 45–85 mycelium ofFusarium spp. was detectable in the leaves as well as conidia on the leaf surfaces. 相似文献
28.
Background
The availability of interaction databases provides an opportunity for researchers to utilize immense amounts of data exclusively in silico. Recently there has been an emphasis on studying the global properties of biological interactions using network analysis. While this type of analysis offers a wide variety of global insights it has surprisingly not been used to examine more localized interactions based on mechanism. In as such we have particular interest in the role of key topological components in signal transduction cascades as they are vital regulators of healthy and diseased cell states. 相似文献29.
30.
Alpina Begossi Svetlana V Salivonchyk Luciana G Araujo Tainá B Andreoli Mariana Clauzet Claudia M Martinelli Allan GL Ferreira Luiz EC Oliveira Renato AM Silvano 《Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine》2011,7(1):1-23
In this study, we sought to investigate the biology (diet and reproduction) and ethnobiology (fishers knowledge and fishing spots used to catch snappers) of five species of snappers (Lutjanidae), including Lutjanus analis, Lutjanus synagris, Lutjanus vivanus, Ocyurus chrysurus, and Romboplites saliens at five sites along the northeast (Riacho Doce, Maceió in Alagoas State, and Porto do Sauípe, Entre Rios at Bahia State) and the southeast (SE) Brazilian coast (Paraty and Rio de Janeiro cities at Rio de Janeiro State, and Bertioga, at São Paulo State.). We collected 288 snappers and interviewed 86 fishermen. The stomach contents of each fish were examined and macroscopic gonad analysis was performed. Snappers are very important for the fisheries of NE Brazil, and our results indicated that some populations, such as mutton snapper (L. analis) and lane snapper (L. synagris), are being caught when they are too young, at early juvenile stages. Local knowledge has been shown to be a powerful tool for determining appropriate policies regarding management of target species, and artisanal fishermen can be included in management processes. Other suggestions for managing the fisheries are discussed, including proposals that could provide motivation for artisanal fishermen to participate in programs to conserve resources, such as co-management approaches that utilize local knowledge, the establishment of fishing seasons, and compensation of fishermen, through 'payment for environmental services'. These suggestions may enhance the participation of local artisanal fishermen in moving to a more realistic and less top-down management approach of the fish population. 相似文献