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In everyday life, people often make decisions on behalf of others. The current study investigates whether risk preferences of decision-makers differ when the reference point is no longer their own money but somebody else money. Thirty four healthy participants performed three different monetary risky choices tasks by making decisions for oneself and for another unknown person. Results showed that loss aversion bias was significantly reduced when participants were choosing on behalf of another person compared to when choosing for themselves. The influence of emotions like regret on decision-making may explain these results. We discuss the importance of the sense of responsibility embodied in the emotion of regret in modulating economic decisions for self but not for others. Moreover, our findings are consistent with the Risk-as-feelings hypothesis, suggesting that self-other asymmetrical behavior is due to the extent the decision-maker is affected by the real and emotional consequences of his/her decision. 相似文献
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Irene Faravelli Megi Meneri Domenica Saccomanno Daniele Velardo Elena Abati Delia Gagliardi Valeria Parente Lucia Petrozzi Dario Ronchi Nino Stocchetti Edoardo Calderini Grazia D’Angelo Giovanna Chidini Edi Prandi Giulia Ricci Gabriele Siciliano Nereo Bresolin Giacomo Pietro Comi Stefania Corti Francesca Magri Alessandra Govoni 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(5):3034-3039
The antisense oligonucleotide Nusinersen has been recently licensed to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Since SMA type 3 is characterized by variable phenotype and milder progression, biomarkers of early treatment response are urgently needed. We investigated the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of neurofilaments in SMA type 3 patients treated with Nusinersen as a potential biomarker of treatment efficacy. The concentration of phosphorylated neurofilaments heavy chain (pNfH) and light chain (NfL) in the CSF of SMA type 3 patients was evaluated before and after six months since the first Nusinersen administration, performed with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Clinical evaluation of SMA patients was performed with standardized motor function scales. Baseline neurofilament levels in patients were comparable to controls, but significantly decreased after six months of treatment, while motor functions were only marginally ameliorated. No significant correlation was observed between the change in motor functions and that of neurofilaments over time. The reduction of neurofilament levels suggests a possible early biochemical effect of treatment on axonal degeneration, which may precede changes in motor performance. Our study mandates further investigations to assess neurofilaments as a marker of treatment response. 相似文献
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Federico Romiti Adele Magliano Valeria Antognetti Giuseppe Manna Antonella Cersini Maria Teresa Scicluna Claudio De Liberato 《Journal of vector ecology》2020,45(1):25-31
Babesia caballi and Theileria equi are widely recognized as causative agents of equine pirolasmosis (EP), an acute, sub‐acute, and chronic disease of equines, with relevant economic impact on horse trade worldwide. Although several studies on EP prevalence from central Italy have been published, data on ticks responsible for its transmission are still lacking. In this study, we identified a potential competent vector, investigating main features of its ecology together with EP infection rates. A two‐year sampling of questing ticks was carried out for the first time in Italy in an area known for high EP prevalence in horse sera, detecting the association between Rhipicephalus bursa and causative agents of EP. Most of the positive pools harbored a single infection (91.1%); mixed infections were also detected (8.9%). The infection rate for T. equi slightly decreased among years; B. caballi showed a lower, but increasing, infection rate. Tick phenology, climate variables, and peaks of EP prevalence indicated late May and second half of June as periods with the highest risk of new infections, especially during warm and dry days. 相似文献
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Mayarling Francisca Troncoso Jafet Ortiz-Quintero Valeria Garrido-Moreno Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares Alejandra Guerrero-Moncayo Mario Chiong Pablo F. Castro Lorena García Luigi Gabrielli Ramón Corbalán Luis Garrido-Olivares Sergio Lavandero 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2021,1867(9):166170
The vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a protein that canonically participates in the adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes to the interstitium during inflammation. VCAM-1 expression, together with soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) induced by the shedding of VCAM-1 by metalloproteinases, have been proposed as biomarkers in immunological diseases, cancer, autoimmune myocarditis, and as predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), endothelial injury in patients with coronary artery disease, and arrhythmias. This revision aims to discuss the role of sVCAM-1 as a biomarker to predict the occurrence, development, and preservation of cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
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Sukhorukov Vladimir S. Mudzhiri Natalia M. Voronkova Anastasia S. Baranich Tatiana I. Glinkina Valeria V. Illarioshkin Sergey N. 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》2021,86(6):667-679
Biochemistry (Moscow) - Alzheimer’s disease is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease. Understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis is constantly expanding. Thus, the... 相似文献
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Junior Chuctaya Andrea C. Encalada Karla S. Barragán Maria L. Torres Karla E. Rojas Valeria Ochoa-Herrera Tiago P. Carvalho 《Journal of fish biology》2021,98(4):1186-1191
Two specimens of Micromyzon akamai, an eyeless and miniaturized species previously known only from the deep channels of the eastern Amazon basin in Brazil, are reported from the Curaray River, a tributary of the Napo River in Ecuador. The new specimens are the first records of Micromyzon in the headwaters of the Amazon River and the first records of M. akamai outside Brazil. External morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I (coI) gene support the identification of the new specimens as M. akamai. Nevertheless, the new specimens also indicate that some features previously hypothesized to be apomorphic for M. akamai are intraspecifically variable. 相似文献