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ABSTRACT Male gray Lreefrogs, Hyla versicolor, advertise for females in choruses in which calls often overlap. Previous research has demonstrated that such acoustic interference among conspecifics can impair the ability of a male to attract a mate. However, the stimulus set used in those studies was quite limited. Here we performed single-speaker and two-speaker tests of phonotaxis with female Hyla versicolor to explore the impact of different degrees and forms of call overlap on the relative attractiveness of male signals. We found that: (1) overlapped calls are recognized as acceptable signals by females, although they are less attractive than calls that are not overlapped; (2) the relative phase of the overlapping calls matters. When calls were time-shifted by 50% of their pulse-period (180 degree offset), attractiveness of overlapped calls was reduced relative to non-overlapped calls as much as it would be by a reduction in intensity of about 12 dB SPL or a drop in call duration of between one third to one half. A 90 degree phase offset was equivalent to a 3 dB drop in SPL; (3) partial call overlap may not impair call attractiveness if one third or less of the call is overlapped; (4) if the ending portion of a call is overlapped it may impair attractiveness less than if previous segments of a call are obscured; (5) if most (three fourths or more) of a male's calls are free of interference, overlap of his remaining calls does not significantly impair his attractiveness. 相似文献
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VINCENT GRANDPERRET VALÉRIE NICOLAS‐FRANCÈS DAVID WENDEHENNE STÉPHANE BOURQUE 《Plant, cell & environment》2014,37(6):1259-1269
Since the beginning of the 21st century, numerous studies have concluded that the plant cell nucleus is one of the cellular compartments that define the specificity of the cellular response to an external stimulus or to a specific developmental stage. To that purpose, the nucleus contains all the enzymatic machinery required to carry out a wide variety of nuclear protein post‐translational modifications (PTMs), which play an important role in signal transduction pathways leading to the modulation of specific sets of genes. PTMs include protein (de)acetylation which is controlled by the antagonistic activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Regarding protein deacetylation, plants are of particular interest: in addition to the RPD3‐HDA1 and Sir2 HDAC families that they share with other eukaryotic organisms, plants have developed a specific family called type‐II HDACs (HD2s). Interestingly, these HD2s are well conserved in plants and control fundamental biological processes such as seed germination, flowering or the response to pathogens. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge regarding this fascinating, but still poorly understood nuclear protein family. 相似文献
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SEJIR CHAOUCH FLORIANT BELLVERT KAMAL MASSOUD MARIE GARMIER VINCENT THAREAU GILLES COMTE GRAHAM NOCTOR PATRICK SAINDRENAN 《Plant, cell & environment》2014,37(5):1114-1129
Secondary metabolism plant glycosyltransferases (UGTs) ensure conjugation of sugar moieties to secondary metabolites (SMs) and glycosylation contributes to the great diversity, reactivity and regulation of SMs. UGT73B3 and UGT73B5, two UGTs of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), are involved in the hypersensitive response (HR) to the avirulent bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst‐AvrRpm1), but their function in planta is unknown. Here, we report that ugt73b3, ugt73b5 and ugt73b3 ugt73b5 T‐DNA insertion mutants exhibited an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an enhanced cell death during the HR to Pst‐AvrRpm1, whereas glutathione levels increased in the single mutants. In silico analyses indicate that UGT73B3 and UGT73B5 belong to the early salicylic acid (SA)‐induced genes whose pathogen‐induced expression is co‐regulated with genes related to cellular redox homeostasis and general detoxification. Analyses of metabolic alterations in ugt mutants reveal modification of SA and scopoletin contents which correlate with redox perturbation, and indicate quantitative modifications in the pattern of tryptophan‐derived SM accumulation after Pst‐AvrRpm1 inoculation. Our data suggest that UGT73B3 and UGT73B5 participate in regulation of redox status and general detoxification of ROS‐reactive SMs during the HR to Pst‐AvrRpm1, and that decreased resistance to Pst‐AvrRpm1 in ugt mutants is tightly linked to redox perturbation. 相似文献
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VINCENT LE ROUX SÉBASTIEN DUGRAVOT LAURENCE BRUNISSEN CHARLES VINCENT YVAN PELLETIER PHILIPPE GIORDANENGO 《Ecological Entomology》2010,35(4):407-416
1. The concept of plant defence syndrome states that plant species growing in similar biotic or abiotic constraints should have convergent defensive traits. This article is a first step to test the prediction of this concept, by conducting experiments on wild Solanum species (or accessions) that originated from the Andes. The nature and the tissue localisation of the resistance of five wild Solanum species known to be resistant against the aphids Myzus persicae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae were determined by olfactometry and electrical penetration graph experiments. 2. Volatile organic compounds may contribute to wild Solanum resistance, depending on Solanum accessions and aphid species. Volatiles of S. bukasovii and S. stoloniferum PI 275248 were not attractive to M. persicae, whereas S. bukasovii was repulsive to M. euphorbiae. In contrast, volatiles of S. stoloniferum PI 275248 were attractive for M. euphorbiae. 3. Some wild Solanum species presented a generalised resistance in all plant tissues, so as for S. bukasovii and S. stoloniferum PI 275248 against M. persicae. However, except for S. bukasovii which was susceptible to M. euphorbiae, all tested Solanum species presented a phloem‐based antixenosis resistance against the two aphid species. 4. A review of articles focused on the nature of resistance of wild Solanum species against aphids corroborated with our results, i.e. a phloem‐based antixenosis resistance against aphids is the rule concerning the system aphids–wild Solanum species. 相似文献
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