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981.
The metabolism of 2-deoxy-D-galactose has been studied in AS-30D rat ascites hepatoma cells in suspension. Using 2-deoxy-D-(1-14C)galactose and an alkaline ethanol deproteinization procedure, the quantitatively identified metabolites included 2-deoxy-D-galactose 1-phosphate comprising 99.3%, and UDP-2-deoxy-D-galactose and UDP-2-deoxy-D-glucose, together amounting to 0.4% of the total metabolites. After incubation for 5 h in the presence of 2-deoxy-D-galactose (1 mmo1/1), the content of 2-deoxy-D-galactose 1-phosphate reached 35 mmo1x(kg cells)-1. The rate of phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-D-galactose was rapid during the first 30 min and decreased to approximately 20% of this rate during the subsequent hours. The rapid trapping of Pi in the form of 2-deoxy-D-galactose 1-phosphate resulted in a depression of free intracellular Pi in spite of a concomitant increase in net 32Pi uptake from the medium and a decrease of ATP and other 5'-nucleotides. The rates of glucose utilization and lactate production were depressed by more than 80% in the presence of 2-deoxy-D-galactose (1 mmo1/1). Interruption of Pi trapping by removal of 2-deoxy-D-galactose from the medium reversed the depressions of Pi and ATP and resulted in a rapid but incomplete relief of glycolysis inhibition. Crossover analysis of glycolytic intermediates indicated an inhibition at the 6-phosphofructokinase step. The depression of glucose utilization may be mediated by the increased level of glucose 6-phosphate, a potent inhibitor of hexokinase. An additional inhibitory effect of a metabolite of 2-deoxy-D-galactose at the 6-phosphofructokinase step was indicated by crossover analysis after reversal of Pi and ATP depressions in the presence of a high intracellular content of 2-deoxy-D-glactose 1-phosphate. The quantitative analysis of the metabolites of 2-deoxy-D-galactose demonstrated the predominance of the monophosphate and the negligible formation of UPD derivatives of this sugar analog in AS-30D hepatoma cells. This provides a system for the investigation of a galactose analog as a phosphate-trapping agent in the virtual absence of uridylate trapping. 相似文献
982.
T. Lingaraja P. Sasi Bhushana Rao V. K. Venugopalan 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》1979,4(1):83-88
Synopsis Experiments were carried out to study the feeding rates of the predator fish Therapon jarbua (Forsk) on mullet juveniles, before and after treatment with DDT. Mullet juveniles treated with a subacute concentration, were refused by the control predators, whereas predators treated with a subacute concentration consumed more mullet juveniles. In the present study crescent perch T. jarbua were exposed to subacute and acute concentrations of DDT, and their behaviour was compared with that of the control predators. There were changes in oriented behaviour and co-ordinated movements, and in feeding, aggression and comfort behaviour of the fish. Inflammation in the gills, and caudal fin serration, were noticed in treated fishes. The findings presented here throw light on fundamental pathways by which pollutants interact with the behaviour of fishes. 相似文献
983.
The effects of ionic strength, urea, calcium and fluorine ions, ouabain and cholinesterase inhibitors on the changes in the ionization equilibrium of an erythrocyte suspension under heating were studied. Proton release by erythrocytes was compared to a release of potassium ions and hemoglobin from the cells. The proton release under heating is mainly determined by the physico--chemical properties of superficial structures of erythrocytes and does not depend on the activity of cholinesterase, ATPase and glycolytic processes. 相似文献
984.
F. M. Swain J. Baysinger J. M. Bratt 《Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere》1976,7(3):239-257
Drill core samples of 42 Precambrian sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks were analyzed by heating under partial vacuum at 100°C and at 400°C to release hydrocarbons and other volatile products.The core samples yielded methane in amounts ranging from traces to 3 microliters per gram, but averaged much less. By way of comparison, samples of Middle Devonian Marcellus black shale, from Pennsylvania, yielded methane in amounts up to 7ul/g.Other straight chain hydrocarbons up to C11 were found in the volatile products, especially those obtained at 400°C, and benzene was a common product, also mainly in the 400°C experiments. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen appear to form a large part of the nonhydrocarbon volatiles in at least some of the samples.Spectral data indicate that the straight chain pyrolysis products of the Precambrian rocks are mainly alkenes, whereas those of the Devonian rocks, referred to above, are a mixture of alkanes and alkenes. Alkanes were however, obtained from several algae-bearing Middle Precambrian argillites. Available evidence indicates, although not conclusively, that the alkenes were contained in the rock rather than being produced from alkanes during pyrolysis.The writers believe that surface contamination in most of the drill cores was minimal owing to the low permeability of the rocks studied, and that contamination by drilling was also minimal.There is a reasonable possibility that the volatiles, if not formed from kerogen residues by the pyrolysis experiments, are in part juvenile igneous gases or are substances that were distilled out of the deeperlying rocks during intervals of folding and metamorphism, and subsequently accumulated at higher levels. 相似文献
985.
986.
R F Sturrock 《International journal for parasitology》1973,3(2):165-174
Growth curves, calculated for field populations of B. glabrata, were not materially affected by habitat, altitude or season. A mean growth curve was therefore used to estimate the age-frequency distribution of snails in successive field samples. These data permitted the construction of ecological life tables and the estimation of r, the intrinsic rate of natural increase (or decrease) of the different populations. The calculated values of r were inserted in a simple model of unlimited population growth but the resultant curves poorly represented the observed data. A model for unlimited growth was more satisfactory for pond and marsh populations but, apparently, immigration made it less satisfactory for stream and banana drain populations. Nevertheless, r may still be of value in predicting repopulation rates in certain habitats after a mollusciciding which does not kill the entire snail population. 相似文献
987.
988.
989.
990.
V I Dontsov 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1987,104(11):618-620
T-cell phenotype that regulates isoproterenol-induced lymphocyte-dependent hyperplasia of mouse salivary glands and conditions of its activation has been investigated. Stimulated Thy-1 and Ly-1-positive cell populations proliferated in the medium supplemented with both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The inhibiting population was Thy-1 and Ly-2-positive, proliferating only in IL-2-containing medium. Both regulatory cell properties and the character of their activation are similar to those of lymphocytes that regulate syngeneic mixed lymphocyte culture. The regularities shown may reflect important processes of cell proliferation regulation in multicellular organisms. 相似文献