Structural identity of active sites of RNases

It is known that the affinity of all nucleoside monophosphate isomers for RNAase active sites increases in the following order: 5'-NMP----3'-NMP----2'-NMP, irrespective of the RNAase type (pyrimidine-specific, guanine-specific or non-specific) and stage of activity (transferase, hydrolase). It is known also that the nucleotides with the same degree of isomerism have substantially the same conformation. It was thus supposed that the structure of active sites of RNAase has common features with a closer similarity in case of pyrimidine-specific (EC 3.1.4.22), guanine-specific (EC 3.1.4.8) and non-specific (EC 3.1.4.23) RNAases.     

Olfactory coding by lepidopterous larvae

Extracellular electrophysiological recording from olfactory receptors in the antennae of tobacco hornworm larvae (Manduca sexta (Johan.)) has revealed that cells respond differentially to different odors by changing latency, rate of increase of frequency of firing, rate of adaptation, and alternation of frequency increase and decrease. The resulting temporal patterns of spike activity could function as a code to allow for discrimination among various plant odors.

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Zusammenfassung Extrazelluläre elektrophysiologische Erregungsableitungen von Geruchsrezeptoren in den Antennen von Tabakschwärmer-Raupen (Manduca sexta (Johan.)) ergaben, daß die Zellen auf verschiedene Duftstoffe unterschiedlich mit Änderung der Latenzzeit, der Zunahmerate der Erregungsfrequenz, der Anpassungsrate sowie der Änderung der Frequenz-Zunahme und-Abnahme reagieren. Die sich daraus ergebenden Zeitmuster der Spike-Aktivität könnten als Code dienen und so die Unterscheidung zwischen verschiedenen Pflanzendüften ermöglichen.

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This research was supported by National Science Foundation Grant GB-1472.     

Cellular immunity in pyelonephritis: inhibition of the spleen cell response to the mitogen concanavalin A

Spleen cells from rats given experimental pyelonephritis using Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis as infecting organisms were evaluated for their ability to respond to the mitogen Concanavalin A. Results indicate an 80% reduction in the response of animals with gross suppuration in the kidney, but no inhibition is observed in animals with kidney infection, but not renal abscesses. The inhibition is not, apparently, due to serum factors.