Author Keywords: Insect; Gryllus bimaculatus; abdominal ventilation; CNS thermosensitivity 相似文献
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371.
Janusz Janiszewski Urszula Kosecka-Janiszewska Dietmar Otto 《Journal of thermal biology》1988,13(4):185-188
1. 1.|The brain (BR), suboesophageal ganglion (SOG), metathoracic ganglion mass (TG3) or fourth free abdominal ganglion (AG4) were selectively warmed from room temperature (23°C) to 3°C and the effects of elevated ganglion temperature on abdominal ventilatory pumping rate were observed.
2. 2.|Warming the SOG or BR almost always induced a strong increase in ventilatory pumping rate while warming TG3 or AG4 had no consistent effect, inducing about equally often a slight increase, decrease or no change.
3. 3.|It is concluded that the most temperature sensitive elements associated with the ventilatory rhythm generating system are localized within the head ganglia.
372.
373.
Anne Gingery Malayannan Subramaniam Kevin S. Pitel Xiaodong Li Hua Z. Ke Russell T. Turner Urszula T. Iwaniec John R. Hawse 《Journal of cellular physiology》2020,235(7-8):5679-5688
Deletion of TGFβ inducible early gene-1 (TIEG) in mice results in an osteopenic phenotype that exists only in female animals. Molecular analyses on female TIEG knockout (KO) mouse bones identified increased expression of sclerostin, an effect that was confirmed at the protein level in serum. Sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) therapy has been shown to elicit bone beneficial effects in multiple animal model systems and human clinical trials. For these reasons, we hypothesized that Scl-Ab therapy would reverse the low bone mass phenotype of female TIEG KO mice. In this study, wildtype (WT) and TIEG KO female mice were randomized to either vehicle control (Veh, n = 12/group) or Scl-Ab therapy (10 mg/kg, 1×/wk, s.c.; n = 12/group) and treated for 6 weeks. Following treatment, bone imaging analyses revealed that Scl-Ab therapy significantly increased cancellous and cortical bone in the femur of both WT and TIEG KO mice. Similar effects also occurred in the vertebra of both WT and TIEG KO animals. Additionally, histomorphometric analyses revealed that Scl-Ab therapy resulted in increased osteoblast perimeter/bone perimeter in both WT and TIEG KO animals, with a concomitant increase in P1NP, a serum marker of bone formation. In contrast, osteoclast perimeter/bone perimeter and CTX-1 serum levels were unaffected by Scl-Ab therapy, irrespective of mouse genotype. Overall, our findings demonstrate that Scl-Ab therapy elicits potent bone-forming effects in both WT and TIEG KO mice and effectively increases bone mass in female TIEG KO mice. 相似文献
374.
Aleksander Jamsheer Anna Materna‐Kiryluk Magdalena Badura‐Stronka Katarzyna Wiśniewska Barbara Więckowska Jan Mejnartowicz Anna Balcar‐Boroń Maria Borszewska‐Kornacka Mieczysława Czerwionka‐Szaflarska Elżbieta Gajewska Urszula Godula‐Stuglik Marian Krawczynski Janusz Limon Józef Rusin Henryka Sawulicka‐Oleszczuk Ewa Szwałkiewicz‐Warowicka Janusz Świetliński Mieczysław Walczak Anna Latos‐Bieleńska 《Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology》2009,85(3):211-215
BACKGROUND: Amniotic rupture sequence (ARS) is a disruption sequence presenting with fibrous bands, possibly emerging as a result of amniotic tear in the first trimester of gestation. Our comparative study aims to assess whether there is a difference in the clinical pattern of congenital limb and internal organ anomalies between ARS with body wall defect (ARS‐BWD) and ARS without BWD (ARS‐L). METHODS: Among 1,706,639 births recorded between 1998 and 2006, 50 infants with a diagnosis of ARS were reported to the Polish Registry of Congenital Malformations. The information on 3 infants was incomplete, thus only 47 cases were analyzed. These infants were classified into groups of ARS‐L (38 infants) and ARS‐BWD (9 infants). RESULTS: The ARS‐BWD cases were more frequently affected by various congenital defects (overall p < 0.0001), and in particular by urogenital malformations (p = 0.003). In both groups, limb reduction defects occurred in approximately 80% of cases; however, minor and distal limb defects (phalangeal or digital amputation, pseudosyndactyly, constriction rings) predominated in the ARS‐L group (p = 0.0008). The ARS‐L group also had a higher frequency of hand and upper limb involvement. CONCLUSIONS: This observation suggests that amniotic band adhesion in ARS‐L takes place at a later development stage. Although limited by a small sample size, our study contributes to the growing evidence that both ARS entities represent two nosologically distinct conditions. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
375.
Jerzy Macewicz Sławomir Orzechowski Urszula Dobrzy ska Sophie Haebel 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2006,28(5):409-416
Barley biotypes from the world collection differ in their storage protein content even till 200 %. This is the first report
including results of the research, in which the structure of grains containing different amount of protein was tested to explain
this difference. The endosperm was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The structure of the aleurone layer, storing
large quantities of protein, did not differ between the high- and low-protein forms of barley. It has been proven that the
large quantities of kernel protein may be stored in some cells of the zone adjacent to the aleurone layer, defined as the
subaleurone cells. It has been shown that morphologically uniform kernels of the same plant and even of the same ear can vary
greatly with respect to the number of these subaleurone cells. The purpose of the study was an examination of variation in
protein structure in single kernels of a fodder, a brewery and in an extra high-protein form of barley as well. Moreover the
studies were aimed to detect qualitative differences in the subaleurone protein. Application of mass spectrometry made possible
the identification of several kinds of proteins which were present in subaleurne layer of kernels. In the granule-bound protein
fraction isolated from the subaleurone type kernels, a much stronger representation of some protein was found, with the molecular
mass between 29 and 45 kDa, in comparison with the low-protein kernels. It is supposed, that these protein are isoforms of
z-type serpin and B3-hordein. 相似文献
376.
Birkner E Grucka-Mamczar E Zalejska-Fiolka J Chlubek D Kasperczyk S Stawiarska-Pieta B Blaszczyk U 《Biological trace element research》2006,112(2):169-174
The aim of the study was examining the effect of fluoride ions and caffeine administration on glucose and urea concentration
in blood serum and the activity of protein metabolism enzymes and selected enzymes of the urea cycle in rat liver. The study
was carried out using 18 male Sprague-Daowley rats (4.5 mo old). Rats were divided into three groups. Group I received distilled
water ad libitum. Group II received 4.9 mg F−/kg body mass/d of sodium fluoride in the water, and group III received sodium fluoride (in the above-mentioned dose) and
3 mg/kg body mass/d of caffeine in the water. After 50 d, the rats were anesthetized with thiopental and fluoride ions, glucose,
and urea concentration in blood serum were determined. Also determined were the activities of aspartate aminotransferase,
alanine aminotransferase glutamate dehydrogenase, ornithine carbamoylotransferase and arginase in liver homogenates. Liver
was taken for pathomorphological examinations. The applied doses of F− (4.9 mg/kg body mass/d) and F−+ caffeine (4.9 mg F−/kg body mass/d+3 mg caffeine/kg body mass/d) resulted in a statistically significant increase of fluoride ion concentration
in blood serum, a slight increase of the glucose concentration, and no changes in the concentration of urea in blood serum.
This might testify to the absence of kidney lesions for the applied concentrations of F−. No change in the functioning of hepatocytes was observed; however, slight disturbances have been noted in the functioning
of the liver, connected with the activation of urea cycle, increase of arginase activity, and accumulation of F− in this organ. There was no observed significant influence of caffeine supplementation on the obtained results. 相似文献
377.
Urszula Maciejewska 《Physiologia plantarum》1990,80(1):133-135
Low temperature (2°C) caused an increase in the activity of NAD+ kinase (EC 2.7.1.23) in leaves of winter rape plants ( Brassica napus L. var. oleifera L. cv. Górezański). The enzyme activity markedly increased between day 4 and 11 of plant exposure to cold, then tended to decrease. Changes in activity of NAD+ kinase coincided with the previously observed changes in the levels of pyridine nucleotides, NADP(H) (U. Maciejewska and A. Kacperska, Physiol. Plant. 69: 687–691, 1987). As a result of cold treatment, Ca2+ –calmodulin–dependent and Ca2+ –calmodulin–independent NAD+ kinase activities increased to almost the same extent. It seems therefore, that the cold–induced activation of NAD+ kinase does not depend on the Ca2+ –calmodulin complex. 相似文献
378.
Zyłkiewicz E Kijańska M Choi WC Derewenda U Derewenda ZS Stukenberg PT 《The Journal of cell biology》2011,192(3):433-445
Ndel1 has been implicated in a variety of dynein-related processes, but its specific function is unclear. Here we describe an experimental approach to evaluate a role of Ndel1 in dynein-dependent microtubule self-organization using Ran-mediated asters in meiotic Xenopus egg extracts. We demonstrate that extracts depleted of Ndel1 are unable to form asters and that this defect can be rescued by the addition of recombinant N-terminal coiled-coil domain of Ndel1. Ndel1-dependent microtubule self-organization requires an interaction between Ndel1 and dynein, which is mediated by the dimerization fragment of the coiled-coil. Full rescue by the coiled-coil domain requires LIS1 binding, and increasing LIS1 concentration partly rescues aster formation, suggesting that Ndel1 is a recruitment factor for LIS1. The interactions between Ndel1 and its binding partners are positively regulated by phosphorylation of the unstructured C terminus. Together, our results provide important insights into how Ndel1 acts as a regulated scaffold to temporally and spatially regulate dynein. 相似文献
379.
380.
Katarzyna Szafrańska Milena Cvikrová Urszula Kowalska Krystyna Górecka Ryszard Górecki Olga Martincová Krystyna M. Janas 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(3):851-859
Effect of Cu (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM) on the regeneration of carrot (Daucus carota L.) androgenic embryos of var. Feria and 1014 breeding line as well as on polyamines (PAs), proline contents, lipid peroxidation
and Cu accumulation after 16 and 24 weeks was studied. Generally, growth of Feria rosettes was better than that of the 1014
line. Significant increase in Cu content in tissues was observed in both cultures grown at the highest Cu concentration (100 μM).
The dose-dependent increase in proline in the 16-week-old culture of Feria was observed, while in 1014 its level increased
only at the highest applied Cu concentration. On the contrary, in the 24-week-old culture, significant increase in the proline
content were observed at 100 and 10 μM Cu in Feria and in 1014 breeding lines, respectively. The decline in proline content
and decrease in embryogenic ability in the line 1014 grown in the presence of the highest Cu concentration for 24 weeks may
indicate that a certain threshold of intracellular Cu was crossed. Both in Feria and 1014 line, putrescine and spermidine
were the most abundant free PAs. The increased content of proline and higher contents of the constitutive free putrescine
and spermidine in Feria cultivated for 24 weeks at the highest Cu concentration point to better protection of this cultivar.
Thus, it seems that the higher tolerance of Feria to oxidative stress (characterized by lower thiobarbituric acid reactive
substances value) may result from higher constitutive level of PAs. These data confirm the suggestion that variations in PA
levels depend not only on the concentrations of metals tested, but also on plant species and cultivars. The role of PAs and
proline in the carrot cultures treated with Cu is discussed. 相似文献