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61.
Effect of electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus on plasma free fatty acid concentration in cats
The effect of electrical stimulation of various hypothalamic regions on levels of plasma free fatty acids, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol was studied in fasted cats. Appreciable changes were observed in plasma free fatty acids and glucose but not in plasma triglycerides or cholesterol. These changes appeared to be dependent upon small differences in the placement of electrodes and could not be related to a distinct hypothalamic locus. The results indicate that there is a dissociation between hypothalamic neurons that may affect plasma glucose concentration and those that may affect the plasma free fatty acids. It is suggested that the hypothalamus of the cat contains neurons that may influence autonomic discharge to adipose tissue and thus affect the plasma free fatty acid level and other neurons that may influence autonomic discharge to the liver and thus affect glucose output into the circulation. The distribution of both types of neurons is not limited to a distinct region of the hypothalamus in cats. 相似文献
62.
Summary Production of fleshy fruits by 8 tree and shrub species, and patterns of their utilization by 6 resident and 6 transient bird species, were assessed in an Israeli Mediterranean scrub. Whereas more than half the ripe crop of plants that fruit in one relatively short burst is not removed by birds, the greater part of the crop of species that fruit throughout a long period, is removed. Of two plant species that fruit simultaneously, the one with an inconspicuous fruit is utilized by a single, year-round resident frugivorous bird, whereas the species with bright fruits is utilized by several non-resident and omnivorous bird species. A further two simultaneously fruiting species differ in fat content and the color of their conspicuous ripe fruits; the low-fat fruit being taken by a resident species and the high-fat fruit by a transient congener, just prior to the desert-crossing portion of its Fall-passage.Though more migrants pass through in Spring than in Fall, none of the fleshy-fruit plants fruit in Spring, and most fruit during the Fall. Two non-exclusive explanations for this phenomenon are (a) Fall dispersal ensures immediate germination, with least exposure to desiccation and predation; (b) Spring transients approaching their breeding territories may either be reluctant to spend much time on feeding, or mostly require proteins, amply supplied by the Spring flush of insects, typical of the Mediterranean region. Fall transients approaching the desert require mostly fats and carbohydrates, supplied by fruits. Fruits attract birds easily in the Fall, when insects are scarce. 相似文献
63.
Carlos Gitler Batia Zarmi Edna Kalef Ruth Meller Uriel Zor Rachel Goldman 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2002,290(2):624-628
The fraction of cell thiol proteins in the oxidized disulfide form were quantified during mitogen-induced HaCaT keratinocyte growth initiation. Oxidized thioredoxin increased from 11 +/- 1.2% in resting cells to 80 and 61% 2 min after addition of bradykinin or EGF. Thioredoxin oxidation was transient returning toward normal values by 20 min. The disulfide forms of other cellular proteins rose in parallel with thioredoxin oxidation. The oxidation of thioredoxin depended on a rise in cytosolic calcium. It was prevented by preloading cells with BAPTA, a Ca(2+) chelator and induced by addition of Ca(2+)-ionophore A23187 or of thapsigargin. In cell extracts, thioredoxin reductase was inhibited by micromolar calcium. The rise in cytosolic Ca(2+) led to a concomitant burst of H(2)O(2) formation. The oxidizing intracellular milieu suggests that redox regulation actively participates in the growth initiation cascade. The role of peroxiredoxins and ASK 1 cascade activation are discussed in this context. 相似文献
64.
Alpha-fetoprotein receptors in a human breast cancer cell line 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M J Villacampa R Moro J Naval C Failly-Crepin F Lampreave J Uriel 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1984,122(3):1322-1327
Evidence is presented for the existence of specific receptors for alpha-fetoprotein on the surface of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. At 4 degrees C, the binding of alpha-fetoprotein to these cells displayed a biphasic saturation curve. Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of at least two binding sites with dissociation constants of 4.5 X 10(-9) M (2,000 sites/cell) and 1.3 X 10(-8) M (135,000 sites/cell), respectively. Binding was inhibited by 85% in the presence of a 5,000-fold excess of unlabeled alpha-fetoprotein and by 50% with the same excess of serum albumin. Competition by other serum proteins was not significant. At 37 degrees C, alpha-fetoprotein was endocytosed and the uptake curve reached a plateau after 3-4 hours of incubation. 相似文献
65.
Rabbit antiserum to progesterone was injected i.v. 10 minutes before systematic induction of deciduoma with pyrathiazine. The activity of ornithine decarboxylase 4 hours later was used as a measure of onset of the growth and differentiation of decidual tissue. The antiserum caused complete blockage of the enzyme induction. This implies that progesterone is an agonist in the induction of decidualization. 相似文献
66.
67.
Rat α-fetoprotein (α-FP) was isolated from amniotic fluid by an immuno-chemical procedure using high capacity immunoadsorbents. The yield was about 75 p. cent of the initial content in α-FP. The isolated α-FP was found pure by electrophoretic and immunochemical criteria. A molecular weight of 72.000 daltons and a sedimentation coefficient of 4.5 S were estimated by SDS-acrylamide-agarose electrophoresis and sucrose gradient centrifugation, respectively. The latter procedure was also used to study the binding activity of α-FP toward several steroids. All the estrogens tested, estrone, estradiol, estriol and diethylstylbestrol, were bound. By equilibrium dialysis, the intrinsic association constant of pure α-FP was 1 × 108M−1 for estrone and 6 × 107M−1 for estradiol. One molecule of estrone and estradiol was bound per molecule of protein. No significant binding was observed with testosterone and progesterone. The specificity of the estrophilic activity of α-FP appears as a characteristic property of this protein.After electrophoresis of pure α-FP in acrylamide-agarose gels of low porosity (11 p. cent of acrylamide monomer), two closely migrating but distinct bands could be demonstrated. Both forms possess estrogen-binding activity and common antigenic properties. The same molecular heterogeneity of α-FP was observed in whole amniotic fluid. 相似文献
68.
Izabel Cristina dos Reis Nildimar Alves Honório Fábio Saito Monteiro de Barros Christovam Barcellos Uriel Kitron Daniel Cardoso Portela Camara Glaucio Rocha Pereira Erlei Cassiano Keppeler M?nica da Silva-Nunes Cláudia Torres Code?o 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
Fish farming in the Amazon has been stimulated as a solution to increase economic development. However, poorly managed fish ponds have been sometimes associated with the presence of Anopheles spp. and consequently, with malaria transmission. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of malaria in the state of Acre (and more closely within a single county) to investigate the potential links between aquaculture and malaria transmission in this region. At the state level, we classified the 22 counties into three malaria endemicity patterns, based on the correlation between notification time series. Furthermore, the study period (2003–2013) was divided into two phases (epidemic and post-epidemic). Higher fish pond construction coincided both spatially and temporally with increased rate of malaria notification. Within one malaria endemic county, we investigated the relationship between the geolocation of malaria cases (2011–2012) and their distance to fish ponds. Entomological surveys carried out in these ponds provided measurements of anopheline abundance that were significantly associated with the abundance of malaria cases within 100 m of the ponds (P < 0.005; r = 0.39). These results taken together suggest that fish farming contributes to the maintenance of high transmission levels of malaria in this region. 相似文献
69.
A. Desiree LaBeaud Tamara Banda Julie Brichard Eric M. Muchiri Peter L. Mungai Francis M. Mutuku Erin Borland Ginny Gildengorin Sarah Pfeil Crystal Y. Teng Kristin Long Mark Heise Ann M. Powers Uriel Kitron Charles H. King 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2015,9(2)
BackgroundChikungunya virus (CHIKV) and o’nyong nyong virus (ONNV) are mosquito-borne alphaviruses endemic in East Africa that cause acute febrile illness and arthritis. The objectives of this study were to measure the seroprevalence of CHIKV and ONNV in coastal Kenya and link it to demographics and other risk factors.MethodologyDemographic and exposure questionnaires were administered to 1,848 participants recruited from two village clusters (Milalani-Nganja and Vuga) in 2009. Sera were tested for alphavirus exposure using standardized CHIKV IgG ELISA protocols and confirmed with plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT). Logistic regression models were used to determine the variables associated with seropositivity. Weighted K test for global clustering of houses with alphavirus positive participants was performed for distance ranges of 50–1,000 meters, and G* statistic and kernel density mapping were used to identify locations of higher seroprevalence.Conclusions/SignificanceAlphavirus exposure, particularly ONNV exposure, is common in coastal Kenya with ongoing interepidemic transmission of both ONNV and CHIKV. Women and adults were more likely to be seropositive. Household location may be a defining factor for the ecology of alphaviral transmission in this region. 相似文献
70.
Jaime Feliu Antonieta Salud Maria J. Safont Carlos García-Girón Jorge Aparicio Ferran Losa Carlos Bosch Pilar Escudero Enrique Casado Monica Jorge Uriel Bohn Ramon Pérez-Carrión Alberto Carmona Ana B. Custodio Joan Maurel 《PloS one》2015,10(1)