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101.
Sum FW Dusza J Santos ED Grosu G Reich M Du X Albright JD Chan P Coupet J Ru X Mazandarani H Saunders T 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2003,13(13):2195-2198
Novel tricyclic benzazepine derivatives were synthesized as arginine vasopressin (AVP) antagonists. Several tricyclic compounds showed potent antagonistic activity in rat AVP receptors V(1a) and V(2). Derivatives containing pyrrolo-tricyclic amines, 13i-k, 30, and 31 also showed selectivity for the V(2) receptor. 相似文献
102.
Venkatesan AM Grosu GT Failli AA Chan PS Coupet J Saunders T Mazandarani H Ru X 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2005,15(22):5003-5006
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptor modulators are described. Potent and selective compounds are prepared when the amide linkage connecting rings A and B of VPA-985 is replaced with a bond, CO, -O-, -S-, or -SO2- bond. 相似文献
103.
W. H. van Palenstein Helderman 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》1974,40(2):321-322
104.
Two‐Year Changes in Child Weight Status,Diet, and Activity by Neighborhood Nutrition and Physical Activity Environment
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Brian E. Saelens Karen Glanz Lawrence D. Frank Sarah C. Couch Chuan Zhou Trina Colburn James F. Sallis 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2018,26(8):1338-1346
Objective
The aim of this study was to examine 2‐year changes in weight status and behaviors among children living in neighborhoods differing on nutrition and activity environments.Methods
A prospective observational study, the Neighborhood Impact on Kids study, was conducted in King County, Washington, and San Diego County, California. Children 6 to 12 years old and a parent or caregiver completed Time 1 (n = 681) and Time 2 (n = 618) assessments. Children lived in neighborhoods characterized as “high/favorable” or “low/unfavorable” in nutrition and activity environments, respectively (four neighborhood types). Child BMI z score and overweight or obesity status were primary outcomes, with diet and activity behaviors as behavioral outcomes.Results
After adjusting for sociodemographics and Time 1 values, children living in two of the three less environmentally supportive neighborhoods had significantly less favorable BMI z score changes (+0.11, 95% CI: 0.01‐0.21; + 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03‐0.21), and all three less supportive neighborhoods had higher overweight or obesity (relative risks, 1.41‐1.49; 95% CI: 1.13‐1.80) compared with children in the most environmentally supportive neighborhoods. Changes in daily energy intake and sedentary behavior by neighborhood type were consistent with observed weight status changes, with unexpected findings for physical activity.Conclusions
More walkable and recreation‐supportive environments with better nutrition access were associated with better child weight outcomes and related behavior changes. 相似文献105.
Evidence‐based restoration in the Anthropocene—from acting with purpose to acting for impact
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Steven J. Cooke Andrew M. Rous Lisa A. Donaldson Jessica J. Taylor Trina Rytwinski Kent A. Prior Karen E. Smokorowski Joseph R. Bennett 《Restoration Ecology》2018,26(2):201-205
The recognition that we are in the distinct new epoch of the Anthropocene suggests the necessity for ecological restoration to play a substantial role in repairing the Earth's damaged ecosystems. Moreover, the precious yet limited resources devoted to restoration need to be used wisely. To do so, we call for the ecological restoration community to embrace the concept of evidence‐based restoration. Evidence‐based restoration involves the use of rigorous, repeatable, and transparent methods (i.e. systematic reviews) to identify and amass relevant knowledge sources, critically evaluate the science, and synthesize the credible science to yield robust policy and/or management advice needed to restore the Earth's ecosystems. There are now several examples of restoration‐relevant systematic reviews that have identified instances where restoration is entirely ineffective. Systematic reviews also serve as a tool to identify the knowledge gaps and the type of science needed (e.g. repeatable, appropriate replication, use of controls) to improve the evidence base. The restoration community, including both scientists and practitioners, needs to make evidence‐based restoration a reality so that we can move from best intentions and acting with so‐called “purpose” to acting for meaningful impact. Doing so has the potential to serve as a rallying point for reframing the Anthropocene as a so‐called “good” epoch. 相似文献
106.
107.
Murine T lymphocytes incubated in a mixed lymphocyte culture with allogeneic lymphocytes incompatible for theH-2 region or subregions thereof rapidly develop insulin receptors. In contrast, T cells cultured with syngeneic orH-2- andMlslocus compatible cells do not develop insulin-binding sites. The emergence of insulin receptors is probably an early premitotic event. 相似文献
108.
Ag-specific and generalized forms of immunosuppression have been documented in animal tumor models. However, much of our knowledge on tumor-induced immunosuppression was acquired using tumor implant models, which do not reiterate the protracted nature of host-tumor interactions. Therefore, a transgenic mouse model of autochthonous mammary tumor development and progression was chosen to investigate the long-term consequences of neoplastic growth on the immune system. In vitro proliferation of unfractionated splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice, as assessed by [(3)H]thymidine uptake, was inhibited by the presence of suppressor cells within these splenocyte preparations, because purifying the T cells restored their biological activity. However, the level of inhibition did not correlate with either tumor load or the percentage of myeloid-derived CD11b+Gr1+ cells. To evaluate tumor-specific immune dysfunction, transgenic mice were challenged with autologous tumor cells. Mice with extensive, but not minimal autochthonous tumor burdens demonstrated a significantly enhanced rate of autologous tumor growth compared with age-matched controls. In contrast, an allogeneic tumor challenge was efficiently rejected from both groups of transgenic mice. It was also noted that allogeneic tumor challenge of mice with minimal disease significantly inhibited autochthonous primary tumor growth. We therefore demonstrated that 1) a generalized form of immunosuppression occurred, but not as a result of permanent alterations to T cell function, because purified T cell subsets retained normal biological activity following polyclonal or allostimulation; and 2) tumor-specific immunosuppression emerged as a consequence of tumor progression, but could be modulated to enhance antitumor responses against autochthonous primary neoplastic growth. 相似文献
109.
Inhibition of ceramide synthesis ameliorates glucocorticoid-, saturated-fat-, and obesity-induced insulin resistance 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Holland WL Brozinick JT Wang LP Hawkins ED Sargent KM Liu Y Narra K Hoehn KL Knotts TA Siesky A Nelson DH Karathanasis SK Fontenot GK Birnbaum MJ Summers SA 《Cell metabolism》2007,5(3):167-179
Insulin resistance occurs in 20%-25% of the human population, and the condition is a chief component of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer. Herein, we demonstrate that the sphingolipid ceramide is a common molecular intermediate linking several different pathological metabolic stresses (i.e., glucocorticoids and saturated fats, but not unsaturated fats) to the induction of insulin resistance. Moreover, inhibition of ceramide synthesis markedly improves glucose tolerance and prevents the onset of frank diabetes in obese rodents. Collectively, these data have two important implications. First, they indicate that different fatty acids induce insulin resistance by distinct mechanisms discerned by their reliance on sphingolipid synthesis. Second, they identify enzymes required for ceramide synthesis as therapeutic targets for combating insulin resistance caused by nutrient excess or glucocorticoid therapy. 相似文献
110.