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11.
Wen-Han Chuang Arivajiagane Arundhathi Ching Lu Chang-Chiang Chen Wan-Chen Wu Hendra Susanto Jerry D. T. Purnomo Chih-Hong Wang 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(6):108
Introduction
Dysregulation of acylcarnitines (AcylCNs) and amino acids metabolism have implicated in abnormality of fatty acid oxidation in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is not well known whether altered plasma AcylCN, and amino acid profiles are associated with albuminuria or diabetic nephropathy (DN) in T2D.Objective
The aim of this study was to elucidate alterations in plasma levels of AcylCNs and amino acids with respect to the T2D patients with various stages of albuminuria.Methods
We recruited 52 healthy subjects as control, and 156 T2D patients which were divided into 52 normoalbuminuria, 52 microalbuminuria, and 52 macroalbuminuria. Plasma 37 AcylCNs and 12 amino acids were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry.Results
We found that T2D with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria had lower shot-, medium-, and long-chain AcylCNs, whereas T2D with macroalbuminuria had higher short-and medium-chain AcylCNs and lower long-chain AcylCNs than healthy subjects. Moreover, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was a negative, independent and significant predictor of albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) levels (β = ?0.376, P < 0.001), whereas plasma Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly and positively associated with ACR levels (β = 0.169, P = 0.049). Furthermore, multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that isobutyrylcarnitine (C4) was a positive, independent, and significant predictor of ACR levels with higher odds of having T2D patients with progression normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria [OR = 9.93, 95 % CI (3.51–28.05), P < 0.001].Conclusions
The findings suggest that plasma C4 may serve as a potential biomarker for the early stages of DN.12.
Cindy Q. Tang Yongchuan Yang Arata Momohara Huan-Chong Wang Hong Truong Luu Shuaifeng Li Kun Song Shenhua Qian Ben LePage Yi-Fei Dong Peng-Bin Han Masahiko Ohsawa Buu Thach Le Huu Dang Tran Minh Tri Dang Ming-Chun Peng Chong-Yun Wang 《Plant Diversity》2019,(4):237-249
The Chinese water pine Glyptostrobus pensilis is the sole surviving species of the genus Glyptostrobus. It is endemic to southern China, central Vietnam, and eastern Laos, and today it is nearly extinct in the wild. Forest community characteristics and population structure of G. pensilis in China have remained un-known up to now. We investigated six swamp forest stands and analyzed their forest community characteristics (i.e. vertical stratification, species composition, and diversity) and population structure, including the frequency distribution of DBH (diameter at breast height) and age-classes as found in Fujian Province, southeastern China. The vertical stratifications of all the forest stands were rather simple. The remaining wild specimens ranged from roughly 15 to some 357 years for an average of ca. 85 years, with only a few individuals less than 20 years old. Compared with the stands and populations of G. pensilis in Vietnam, the taxonomic compositions of the stands in the two regions were different, except for the dominant species-G. pensilis. The Shannon-Wiener index showed the overstory of each stand had much lower diversity (0.26 on average) in Fujian Province than that (1.97 on average) in Vietnam, whereas the diversity indices were about the same (around 2.41) for the understories in the two regions. Furthermore, we discovered 18 G. pensilis seedlings at the study sites in Fujian Province. This discovery demonstrates that G. pensilis regeneration is extremely poor and its populations are declining, although these populations are rela-tively healthier than those in Vietnam. 相似文献
13.
Osmoregulation was studied throughout the embryonic development of Astacus leptodactylus. Egg-carrying females were held in freshwater (FW) and in three dilute seawater media (200, 400, 600 mosm kg(-1), 6.8, 13.6, 20.4 per thousand salinity). In FW, changes in peri-embryonic fluid (PEF) and (when available) embryonic hemolymph osmolality were followed from newly-laid eggs to hatching (for an embryonic eye index, EI, of 430-450 microm) and in first-stage juveniles. The PEF and/or hemolymph osmolality remained stable at about 360-380 mosm kg(-1) from early to late (EI 410 microm) embryos; it decreased prior to hatching (EI 420 microm) and in newly-hatched juveniles, down to 290 mosm kg(-1). Artificial opening and removal of the egg membranes, followed by direct exposure to FW, demonstrated that the ability to hyper-osmoregulate, and consequently to survive, in FW appears in embryos with EI > or = 410 microm, i.e., only a few hours or days before hatching. Following a transfer to the dilute seawater media, the PEF/hemolymph osmolality increased slowly over 18-20 days and became isosmotic with the external media at 13.6 and 20.4 per thousand. The embryos died at EI 380-395 microm in these media, and only at 6.8 per thousand was the development completed until successful hatch. These results demonstrate that (1) the embryos become able to osmoregulate in FW shortly before hatching, (2) the embryos are osmo-protected in the eggs during their development, (3) embryonic development and hatching are possible up to a salinity of 7 per thousand. These results are discussed in relation to freshwater adaptation of crayfish. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
Michelle J. Pena Andreas Heinzel Georg Heinze Alaa Alkhalaf Stephan J. L. Bakker Tri Q. Nguyen Roel Goldschmeding Henk J. G. Bilo Paul Perco Bernd Mayer Dick de Zeeuw Hiddo J. Lambers Heerspink 《PloS one》2015,10(5)
ObjectiveWe aimed to identify a novel panel of biomarkers predicting renal function decline in type 2 diabetes, using biomarkers representing different disease pathways speculated to contribute to the progression of diabetic nephropathy.ResultsPatients’ average age was 63.5 years and baseline eGFR was 77.9 mL/min/1.73m2. The average rate of eGFR decline was -2.0 ± 4.7 mL/min/1.73m2/year. When modeled on top of established risk markers, the biomarker panel including matrix metallopeptidases, tyrosine kinase, podocin, CTGF, TNF-receptor-1, sclerostin, CCL2, YKL-40, and NT-proCNP improved the explained variability of eGFR decline (R2 increase from 37.7% to 54.6%; p=0.018) and improved prediction of accelerated eGFR decline (C-index increase from 0.835 to 0.896; p=0.008).ConclusionsA novel panel of biomarkers representing different pathways of renal disease progression including inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and endothelial function improved prediction of eGFR decline on top of established risk markers in type 2 diabetes. These results need to be confirmed in a large prospective cohort. 相似文献
17.
Domingo Hernández Javier Tri?anes Eduardo Salido Sergio Pitti Margarita Rufino José Manuel González-Posada Armando Torres 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Background
Kidney transplant recipients have high cardiovascular risk, and vascular inflammation may play an important role. We explored whether the inflammatory state in the vessel wall was related to carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and patient survival following kidney transplantation.Methods
In this prospective observational cohort study we measured c-IMT and expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in the inferior epigastric artery in 115 kidney transplant candidates. Another c-IMT measurement was done 1-year post-transplantation in 107. By stepwise multiple regression analysis we explored factors associated with baseline c-IMT and their changes over time. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was constructed to identify risk factors for mortality.Results
A worse cardiovascular profile (older age, smoker, diabetic, carotid plaque, systolic blood pressure and vascular calcification) and higher VCAM-1 levels were found in patients in the highest baseline c-IMT tertile, who also had a worse survival. Factors independently related to baseline c-IMT were age (β=0.369, P<0.0001), fasting glucose (β=0.168, P=0.045), smoking (β=0.228, P=0.003) and VCAM-1 levels (β=0.244, P=0.002). Independent factors associated with c-IMT measurement 1-year post-transplantation were baseline c-IMT (β=-0.677, P<0.0001), post-transplant diabetes (β=0.225, P=0.003) and triglycerides (β=0.302, P=0.023). Vascular VCAM-1 levels were associated with increased risk of mortality in bivariate and multivariate Cox regression. Notably, nearly 50% of patients showed an increase or maintenance of high c-IMT 1 year post-transplantation and these patients experienced a higher mortality (13 versus 3.5%; P=0.021).Conclusion
A worse cardiovascular profile and a higher vascular VCAM-1 protein levels at time of KT are related to subclinical atheromatosis. This could lead to a higher post-transplant mortality. Pre-transplant c IMT, post-transplant diabetes and triglycerides at 1-year post-transplantation may condition a high c-IMT measurement post-transplantation, which may decrease patient survival. 相似文献18.
We present a mathematical bioeconomic model of a fishery with a variable price. The model describes the time evolution of the resource, the fishing effort and the price which is assumed to vary with respect to supply and demand. The supply is the instantaneous catch while the demand function is assumed to be a monotone decreasing function of price. We show that a generic market price equation (MPE) can be derived and has to be solved to calculate non trivial equilibria of the model. This MPE can have 1, 2 or 3 equilibria. We perform the analysis of local and global stability of equilibria. The MPE is extended to two cases: an age-structured fish population and a fishery with storage of the resource. 相似文献
19.
The fadBA operon in the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway of P. putida KCTC1639 was blocked to induce a metabolic flux of the intermediates to the biosynthesis of medium chain-length PHA (mcl-PHA).
Succinate at 150 mg l−1 stimulated cell growth and also the biosynthesis of medium chain-length-polyhydroxyalkanoate. pH-stat fed-batch cultivation
of the fadA knockout mutant P. putida KCTC1639 was carried out for 60 h, in which mcl-PHA reached 8 g l−1 with a cell dry weight of 10.3 g l−1. 相似文献
20.
The kinase inhibitor sorafenib induces cell death through a process involving induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rahmani M Davis EM Crabtree TR Habibi JR Nguyen TK Dent P Grant S 《Molecular and cellular biology》2007,27(15):5499-5513
Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor that induces apoptosis in human leukemia and other malignant cells. Recently, we demonstrated that sorafenib diminishes Mcl-1 protein expression by inhibiting translation through a MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling-independent mechanism and that this phenomenon plays a key functional role in sorafenib-mediated lethality. Here, we report that inducible expression of constitutively active MEK1 fails to protect cells from sorafenib-mediated lethality, indicating that sorafenib-induced cell death is unrelated to MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway inactivation. Notably, treatment with sorafenib induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human leukemia cells (U937) manifested by immediate cytosolic-calcium mobilization, GADD153 and GADD34 protein induction, PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) phosphorylation, XBP1 splicing, and a general reduction in protein synthesis as assessed by [35S]methionine incorporation. These events were accompanied by pronounced generation of reactive oxygen species through a mechanism dependent upon cytosolic-calcium mobilization and a significant decline in GRP78/Bip protein levels. Interestingly, enforced expression of IRE1alpha markedly reduced sorafenib-mediated apoptosis, whereas knockdown of IRE1alpha or XBP1, disruption of PERK activity, or inhibition of eIF2alpha phosphorylation enhanced sorafenib-mediated lethality. Finally, downregulation of caspase-2 or caspase-4 by small interfering RNA significantly diminished apoptosis induced by sorafenib. Together, these findings demonstrate that ER stress represents a central component of a MEK1/2-ERK1/2-independent cell death program triggered by sorafenib. 相似文献