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421.
422.
Responsiveness of neurons in the hamster parabrachial nuclei to taste mixtures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Responses from hamster parabrachial nuclei neurons to stimulation of the anterior tongue with sucrose, NaCl, HCl, quinine hydrochloride, and the six two-component mixtures of these stimuli were recorded. A cell's response to a mixture approached its response to the mixture's more effective component in the majority of cases, but was sometimes greater or smaller than this response. The best predictor of a neuron's response to a mixture, then, was its response to the mixture's more effective component. The single-component stimulus producing the maximum response was determined for each neuron and the response to this stimulus was compared with the responses evoked by the six mixtures. For 30% of the cells, a mixture elicited a response reliably, but only 1.1-2.1 times greater than the response to the best single-component stimulus. Thus, there were no neurons specialized to respond to these mixtures. The across-neuron patterns elicited by mixtures and the responses of best-stimulus classes to mixtures were studied for comparison with psychophysical data on taste mixtures. Mixtures were usually correlated with single-component stimuli in the mixture, but not with stimuli not in the mixture. In fact, five of the six mixtures fell directly between their components in a multidimensional scaling plot. In addition, a mixture was most effective in stimulating only those classes of neurons maximally stimulated by the mixture's components. These results correlate with psychophysical data suggesting that mixtures of taste stimuli evoke the same taste qualities as evoked by the mixture's components. 相似文献
423.
424.
Human clinical and psychophysical observations suggest that the taste
system is able to compensate for losses in peripheral nerve input, since
patients do not commonly report decrements in whole mouth taste following
chorda tympani nerve damage or anesthesia. Indeed, neurophysiological data
from the rat nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) suggests that a release of
inhibition (disinhibition) may occur centrally following chorda tympani
nerve anesthesia. Our purpose was to study this possibility further. We
recorded from 59 multi- and single- unit taste-responsive sites in the rat
NST before, during and after recovery from chorda tympani nerve anesthesia.
During anesthesia, average anterior tongue responses were eliminated but no
compensatory increases in palatal or posterior tongue responses were
observed. However, six individual sites displayed increased taste
responsiveness during anesthesia. The average increase was 32.9%.
Therefore, disinhibition of taste responses was observed, but infrequently
and to a small degree in the NST At a subset of sites, chorda
tympani-mediated responses decreased while greater superficial
petrosal-mediated responses remained the same during anesthesia. Since this
effect was accompanied by a decrease in spontaneous activity, we propose
that taste compensation may result in part by a change in signal-to-noise
ratio at a subset of sites.
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