全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5039篇 |
免费 | 270篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 35篇 |
2019年 | 32篇 |
2018年 | 49篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 60篇 |
2015年 | 91篇 |
2014年 | 120篇 |
2013年 | 337篇 |
2012年 | 250篇 |
2011年 | 239篇 |
2010年 | 153篇 |
2009年 | 141篇 |
2008年 | 244篇 |
2007年 | 247篇 |
2006年 | 260篇 |
2005年 | 287篇 |
2004年 | 259篇 |
2003年 | 298篇 |
2002年 | 286篇 |
2001年 | 103篇 |
2000年 | 100篇 |
1999年 | 108篇 |
1998年 | 85篇 |
1997年 | 74篇 |
1996年 | 63篇 |
1995年 | 56篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 93篇 |
1991年 | 67篇 |
1990年 | 73篇 |
1989年 | 69篇 |
1988年 | 71篇 |
1987年 | 51篇 |
1986年 | 38篇 |
1985年 | 51篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 44篇 |
1982年 | 52篇 |
1981年 | 45篇 |
1980年 | 40篇 |
1979年 | 34篇 |
1978年 | 39篇 |
1977年 | 33篇 |
1976年 | 33篇 |
1975年 | 35篇 |
1974年 | 30篇 |
1973年 | 29篇 |
1972年 | 25篇 |
1970年 | 29篇 |
排序方式: 共有5312条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Toshio Sakamoto Hajime Wada Ikuo Nishida Masayuki Ohmori Norio Murata 《Plant molecular biology》1994,24(4):643-650
Cyanobacterial genes for enzymes that desaturate fatty acids at the 12 position, designated desA, were isolated from Synechocystis PCC6714, Synechococcus PCC7002 and Anabaena variabilis by crosshybridization with a DNA probe derived from the desA gene of Synechocystis PCC6803. The genes of Synechocystis PCC6714, Synechococcus PCC7002 and A. variabilis encode proteins of 349, 347 and 350 amino acid residues, respectively. The transformation of Synechococcus PCC7942 with the desA genes from Synechocystis PCC6714, Synechococcus PCC7002 and A. variabilis was associated with the ability to introduce a second double bond at the 12 position of fatty acids. The amino acid sequence of the products of the desA genes revealed the presence of four conserved domains. Since one of the conserved domains was also found in the amino acid sequences of 3 desaturases of Brassica napus and mung bean, this domain may play an essential role in the introduction of a double bond into fatty acids bound to membrane lipids.Abbreviations X:Y(Z)
fatty acid containing X carbon atoms with Y double bonds in the cis configuration at position Z counted from the carboxyl terminus 相似文献
82.
Tanaka Osamu; Nakayama Yoshio; Emori Koji; Takeba Go; Beppu Toshio; Sugino Mamoru 《Plant & cell physiology》1994,35(1):73-78
Flower-inducing activity of lysine was examined in Lemna paucicostata151, a weakly responsive short-day plant, cultured on nitrogen-richmedium under long-day conditions (continuous light). Lemna paucicostata151 was homogenized in a solution of lysine and the homogenatewas centrifuged. The supernatant (lysine-containing extract)was added to nitrogen-rich medium after passage through a membranefilter to give various concentrations of lysine in the medium.Flowering was induced in plants grown for six days on mediumthat contained lysine at concentrations above 0.25 µM.In plants grown on medium that contained 1 µM lysine,a significant flowering response was observed on the fourthday of culture. However, the flower-inducing activity of lysinedisappeared when the lysine-containing extract was added tothe medium and the medium was then autoclaved, suggesting thatthe active principle is unstable to autoclaving. Among derivativesof lysine tested, lysine hydroxamate had the highest flower-inducingactivity and lysyl lysine had almost same activity as that oflysine. When added to the medium without homogenization withplant material, lysine and lysyl lysine had flower-inducingactivity but lysine hydroxamate did not induce flowering. (Received April 26, 1993; Accepted November 8, 1993) 相似文献
83.
Yasuko Nagatsuka Shigemasa Hanazawa Yasuyuki Koroiwa Tamotsu Fukuda Toshio Suganuma Yasushi Ono 《Letters in applied microbiology》1994,19(4):206-209
We have established 950 and 430 oligoclonal B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) from two normal persons and eight autoimmune disease patients, respectively by using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced transformation. To re-evaluate the EBV technique for production of human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) related to infectious disease, we screened these oligoclonal LCLs for antibodies against 31 bacterial strains systematically. A total of 74 cultures out of 1380 were reactive to a total of 18 strains out of 31. Among these, eight cultures showed 10-3 antibody (Ab) titers to Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotypes C, E, F and I, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens and Bacillus cereus. Ten cultures showed 10-2 Ab titers to Ps. aeruginosa serotypes D, E, F and I, Ps. maltophilia, Staph, epidermidis, Klebsiella ozaenae, Ser. marcescens and B. subtilis. The results reveal the further possibilities for the EBV technique to produce various infectious disease-related human mAbs. 相似文献
84.
Identification of a basic glycoprotein induced by ethylene in primary leaves of azuki bean as a cationic peroxidase. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Ethylene causes the accumulation of seven different proteins (each designated AZxx according to its molecular mass, xx in kD) in excised primary leaves of azuki bean (Vigna angularis) (F. Ishige, H. Mori, K. Yamazaki, H. Imaseki [1991] Plant Cell Physiol 32: 681-690). A complementary DNA encoding an ethylene-induced basic glycoprotein, AZ42, from azuki bean was cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. Characterization of the cDNA was accomplished by monitoring expression of an immunoreactive protein in Escherichia coli that harbored the cDNA and by the identification of a partial amino acid sequence that was the same as that determined from the purified protein. An open reading frame (1071 base pairs) in the cDNA encoded a protein of 357 amino acids with a molecular mass of 39.3 kD. The amino acid sequence contained three regions that are highly conserved among peroxidases from eight different plants. Purified AZ42 exhibited peroxidase activity. The basic glycoprotein induced by ethylene was identified as a cationic isozyme of peroxidase. The corresponding mRNA was not present in leaves that had not been treated with ethylene, but it appeared after 1 h of treatment with ethylene and its level increased for the next 15 h. Accumulation of the mRNA was also induced after wounding or treatment with salicylate. The wound-induced increase in the level of the mRNA was suppressed by 2,5-norbornadiene, but the salicylate-induced increase was not. 相似文献
85.
Hatanaka Shin-Ichi Furukawa Jun Aoki Toshio Akatsuka Hirokazu Nagasawa Eiji 《Mycoscience》1994,35(4):391-394
Combining different chromatography systems, unusual nonprotein amino acids were isolated and unequivocally identified from a small amount (less than 100 g fresh weight) ofAmanita gymnopus fruit body. Without obtaining crystals of these amino acids, on the basis of1H-NMR determination, high resolution mass spectrometry, chlorine analysis and oxidation with L-amino acid oxidase, one of them proved to be a new chloroamino acid, (2S)-2-amino-5-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-hexenoic acid (G2). The other three were (2S)-2-amino-5-hexenoic acid (G1), (2S)-2-amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid (G3) and (2S)-2-amino-5-hexynoic acid (G4). Amino acid (G1) was also encountered for the first time in natural products. Amino acid (G3) has been reported from several kinds of fungi belonging toAmanita, subgenusLepidella. The occurrence of amino acid (G4) was already reported fromCortinarius claricolor.Part 23 in the series Biochemical studies of nitrogen compounds in fungi. Part 22, Hatanaka, S. I. et al. 1985. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan26: 61–68. 相似文献
86.
Nobuyuki Sugioka Hikaru Odani Toshio Ohta Hideki Kishimoto Tadaki Yasumura Kanji Takada 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1994,654(2)
Mycophenolate mofetil, a new immunosuppressant, is a morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid. A new selective, sensitive and simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of mycophenolic acid and mycophenolate mofetil in biological samples. The preparation of samples was based on liquid—liquid extraction. The compounds were separated on a CN column using acetonitrile—0.01 M phosphate buffer (1:4, v/v) as the mobile phase. UV detection was used at wavelengths 215 and 304 nm. The detection limit was 5 ng per injection volume. This method enabled pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in humans and rats. 相似文献
87.
Fumio Yamazaki Ryoko Sone Nobuharu Fujii Haruo Ikegami 《International journal of biometeorology》1993,37(4):212-217
Based on the hypothesis that the relation between sweating rate and body temperature should be different during exercise and rest after exercise, we compared the sweating response during exercise and recovery at a similar body temperature. Healthy male subjects performed submaximal exercise (Experiment 1) and maximal exercise (Experiment 2) in a room at 27° C and 35% relative humidity. During exercise and recovery of 20 min after exercise, esophageal temperature (Tes), mean skin temperature, mean body temperature (
), chest sweating rate (
), and the frequency of sweat expulsion (F
SW) were measured. In both experiments,
andF
SW were clearly higher during exercise than recovery at a similar body temperature (Tes,
).
was similar during exercise and recovery, or a little less during the former, at a similarF
SW. It is concluded that the sweating rate during exercise is greater than that during recovery at the same body temperature, due to greater central sudomotor activity during exercise. The difference between the two values is thought to be related to non-thermal factors and the rate of change in mean skin temperature. 相似文献
88.
Atsushi Hashimoto † Shin Kumashiro † Toru Nishikawa † Takae Oka † Kiyohisa Takahashi † Takashi Mito ‡ Sachio Takashima ‡ Nagafumi Doi § Yoshihiko Mizutani Tatsuji Yamazaki Tsuguo Kaneko Eiji Ootomo# 《Journal of neurochemistry》1993,61(1):348-351
Abstract: We have analyzed free chiral amino acids (aspartate and serine) in the human frontal cortex at different ontogenic stages (from 14 weeks of gestation to 101 years of age) by HPLC with fluorometric detection after derivatization with N-tert -butyl-oxycarbonyl- l -cysteine and o -phthaldialdehyde. Exceptionally high levels of free d -aspartate and d -serine were demonstrated in the fetal cortex at gestational week 14. The ratios of d -aspartate and of d -serine to the total corresponding amino acids were also high, at 0.63 and 0.27, respectively. The concentration of d -aspartate dramatically decreased to a trace level by gestational week 41 and then remained very low during all postnatal stages. In contrast, the frontal tip contained persistently high levels of d -serine throughout embryonic and postnatal life, whereas the d -amino acid content in adolescents and aged individuals was about half of that in the fetuses. Because d -aspartate and d -serine are known to have selective actions at the NMDA-type excitatory amino acid receptor, the present data suggest that these d -amino acids might play a pivotal role in cerebral development and functions that are related to the NMDA receptor. 相似文献
89.
A model for feature linking via collective oscillations in the primary visual cortex 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tsuyoshi Chawanya Toshio Aoyagi Ikuko Nishikawa Koji Okuda Yoshiki Kuramoto 《Biological cybernetics》1993,68(6):483-490
A neural network model for explaining experimentally observed neuronal responses in cat primary visual cortex is proposed. In our model, the basic functional unit is an orientation column which is represented by a large homogeneous population of neurons modeled as integrate-and-fire type excitable elements. The orientation column exhibits spontaneous collective oscillations in activity in response to suitable visual stimuli. Such oscillations are caused by mutual synchronization among the neurons within the column. Numerical simulation for various stimulus patterns shows that as a result of activity correlations between different columns, the amplitude and the phase of the oscillation in each column depend strongly on the global feature of the stimulus pattern. These results satisfactorily account for experimental observations. 相似文献
90.
Kazuo Iwaki Norio Okumura Mitsuru Yamazaki 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1993,619(2)
A rapid and accurate determination of tetracycline antibiotics in human serum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection has been developed, based on protein precipitation in serum. Various reagents for precipitation were investigated, and 24% trichloroacetic acid in methanolic solution gave the maximum recovery (at least 94.3%) and interference-free chromatograms of different three tetracyclines. At a concentration of 0.5 μg/ml, the precision (relative standard deviation) ranged from 1.12 to 1.94%. In the range 0.04–10.0 μg/ml for oxytetracycline and chlorotetracycline and 0.01–10.0 μg/ml for tetracycline, linear responses were observed. The detection limits of this method were 10–35 ng/ml for all three antibiotics. The proposed method was applied to the determination of serum concentrations in subjects receiving tetracycline antibiotics. 相似文献