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61.
Mimuro H Suzuki T Nagai S Rieder G Suzuki M Nagai T Fujita Y Nagamatsu K Ishijima N Koyasu S Haas R Sasakawa C 《Cell host & microbe》2007,2(4):250-263
Colonization of the gastric pits in the stomach by Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a major risk factor for gastritis, gastric ulcers, and cancer. Normally, rapid self-renewal of gut epithelia, which occurs by a balance of progenitor proliferation and pit cell apoptosis, serves as a host defense mechanism to limit bacterial colonization. To investigate how Hp overcomes this host defense, we use the Mongolian gerbil model of Hp infection. Apoptotic loss of pit cells induced by a proapoptotic agent is suppressed by Hp. The ability of Hp to suppress apoptosis contributed to pit hyperplasia and persistent bacterial colonization of the stomach. Infection with WT Hp but not with a mutant in the virulence effector cagA increased levels of the prosurvival factor phospho-ERK and antiapoptotic protein MCL1 in the gastric pits. Thus, CagA activates host cell survival and antiapoptotic pathways to overcome self-renewal of the gastric epithelium and help sustain Hp infection. 相似文献
62.
The amino-terminal half of Sendai virus C protein is not responsible for either counteracting the antiviral action of interferons or down-regulating viral RNA synthesis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Kato A Ohnishi Y Hishiyama M Kohase M Saito S Tashiro M Nagai Y 《Journal of virology》2002,76(14):7114-7124
The Sendai virus C proteins, C', C, Y1, and Y2, are a nested set of independently initiated carboxy-coterminal proteins translated from a reading frame overlapping the P frame on the P mRNA. The C proteins are extremely versatile and have been shown to counteract the antiviral action of interferons (IFNs), to down-regulate viral RNA synthesis, and to promote virus assembly. Using the stable cell lines expressing the C, Y1, Y2, or truncated C protein, we investigated the region responsible for anti-IFN action and for down-regulating viral RNA synthesis. Truncation from the amino terminus to the middle of the C protein maintained the inhibition of the signal transduction of IFNs, the formation of IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) complex, the generation of the anti-vesicular stomatitis virus state, and the synthesis of viral RNA, but further truncation resulted in the simultaneous loss of all of these inhibitory activities. A relatively small truncation from the carboxy terminus also abolished all of these inhibitory activities. These data indicated that the activities of the C protein to counteract the antiviral action of IFNs and to down-regulate viral RNA synthesis were not encoded within a region of at least 98 amino acids in its amino-terminal half. 相似文献
63.
Saki Itonori Kazuya Hidari Yutaka Sanai Masaru Taniguchi Yoshitaka Nagai 《Glycoconjugate journal》1989,6(4):551-560
The effect of the chain length of the fatty acid residue of the ceramide moiety of ganglioside GM3 on the binding ability of monoclonal antibody M2590, which is specific for the carbohydrate structure of GM3-ganglioside, was examined by means of a direct binding assay on thin layer chromatography plates (TLC immunostaining) and a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Derivatives of GM3 with a long fatty acid chain reacted with the M2590 antibody, but those with a short fatty acid chain showed no reaction in either assay system. These results suggested that the acyl fatty acid moiety of the ganglioside played an important role in the formation or maintenance of the antigenic structure of the carbohydrate moiety of the ganglioside. 相似文献
64.
Taishi Hashiguchi Takanari Kobayashi Duriya Fongmoon Ajaya Kumar Shetty Shuji Mizumoto Nobuyuki Miyamoto Toshikazu Nakamura Shuhei Yamada Kazuyuki Sugahara 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2011
Background
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a ubiquitous component of the cell surface and extracellular matrix and its sugar backbone consists of repeating disaccharide units: D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA)β1-3N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). Although CS participates in diverse biological processes such as growth factor signaling and the nervous system's development, the mechanism underlying the functions is not well understood.Methods
CS was isolated from ray fish cartilage, an industrial waste, and its structure and neurite outgrowth-promoting (NOP) activity were analyzed to investigate a potential application to nerve regeneration.Results
The major disaccharide unit in the CS preparation was GlcUA-GalNAc(6-O-sulfate) (61.9%). Minor proportions of GlcUA-GalNAc(4-O-sulfate) (27.0%), GlcUA(2-O-sulfate)-GalNAc(6-O-sulfate) (8.5%), and GlcUA-GalNAc (2.7%) were also detected. The preparation showed NOP activity in vitro, and this activity was suppressed by antibodies against hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met, suggesting the involvement of the HGF signaling pathway in the expression of the in vitro NOP activity of the CS preparation. The specific binding of HGF to the CS preparation was also demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy.Conclusions and general significance
The NOP activity of CS from ray cartilage was demonstrated to be expressed through the HGF signaling pathway, suggesting that ray cartilage CS may be useful for studying the cooperative function of CS and HGF. 相似文献65.
To find whether cytoplasmic streaming in Acetabularia is controlledby Ca2+, a tonoplast-permeabilized cell model was prepared usinga vacuolar perfusion technique. The cytoplasmic streaming remainedalmost normal after perfusion with EGTA medium (10 mM EGTA,40 mM PIPES, 5mM MgCl2 and 800 mM sorbitol, pH 6.9), but stoppedwithin 10 min when saponin medium (EGTA medium plus 50 µg/mlsaponin, 50 µg/ml hexokinase and 5 mM glucose) was perfused.This model system was reactivated with a solution containing0.5 mM ATP and different concentrations of Ca2+ (reactivationmedium). With the reactivation medium at pCa 65, theresumed streaming lasted for about 10 min before the cytoplasmaggregated. At pCa 43, the streaming was observed onlyfor a few minutes because the cytoplasm aggregated quickly.At pCa 7, no reactivated movement was observed. Reactivationwas not induced in an ATP- or Mg2+-deficient medium even inthe presence of an adequate concentration of Ca2+, and was inhibitedby 50 µg/ml cytochalasin B or 1 mM N-ethylmaleimide. We concluded from these observations that the cytoplasmic streamingin Acetabularia is very likely to be driven by the actomyosinsystem in the presence of Mg-ATP and Ca2+ at pCa 65. (Received October 31, 1984; Accepted April 1, 1985) 相似文献
66.
A member of Forkhead transcription factor FKHRL1 is a downstream effector of STI571-induced cell cycle arrest in BCR-ABL-expressing cells 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Komatsu N Watanabe T Uchida M Mori M Kirito K Kikuchi S Liu Q Tauchi T Miyazawa K Endo H Nagai T Ozawa K 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2003,278(8):6411-6419
67.
Takashi Tsuchiya Atsushi Ichimura Yoshinori Nagai 《Cell biochemistry and biophysics》1987,11(1):109-122
Correlations in the baker map and the tent map as examples of one-dimensional, fully developed chaos are considered. It is
shown, utilizing symbolic dynamical systems derived from these maps, that the vanishing second-order correlation function
is not sufficient to guarantee uncorrelatedness. Importance of the higher-order, especially third-order, correlation functions
is emphasized for chaotic systems. In search of the quantities that grasp correlational behaviors as a whole in chaotic systems,
it is proposed to use the fixed-separation correlation integral, which is a modified quantity of the usual correlation integral
devised to calculate the fractal dimension of strange attractors, for these maps. It is shown that the new quantity contains
all the even-number orders of autocorrelation function that are commonly considered. 相似文献
68.
Fujinaga M Maeda J Yui J Hatori A Yamasaki T Kawamura K Kumata K Yoshida Y Nagai Y Higuchi M Suhara T Fukumura T Zhang MR 《Journal of neurochemistry》2012,120(1):115-124
Neurovascular degeneration contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because erythropoietin (EPO) promotes endothelial regeneration, we investigated the therapeutic effects of EPO in animal models of AD. In aged Tg2576 mice, EPO receptors (EPORs) were expressed in the cortex and hippocampus. Tg2576 mice were treated with daily injection of EPO (5000 IU/kg/day) for 5 days. At 14 days, EPO improved contextual memory as measured by fear-conditioning test. EPO enhanced endothelial proliferation and the level of synaptophysin expression in the brain. EPO also increased capillary density, and decreased the level of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in the brain, while decreasing in the amount of amyloid plaque and amyloid-β (Aβ). In cultured human endothelial cells, EPO enhanced angiogenesis and suppressed the expression of the RAGE. These results show that EPO improves memory and ameliorates endothelial degeneration induced by Aβ in AD models. This pre-clinical evidence suggests that EPO may be useful for the treatment of AD. 相似文献
69.
Epigenetic field for cancerization 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ushijima T 《Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology》2007,40(2):142-150
70.
Miyata Y Tanaka H Shimada A Sato T Ito A Yamanouchi T Kosano H 《Life sciences》2011,88(13-14):613-618
AimsThe polymethoxyflavonoids nobiletin and tangeretin possess several important biological properties such as neuroprotective, antimetastatic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was undertaken to examine whether nobiletin and tangeretin could modulate adipocytokine secretion and to evaluate the effects of these flavonoids on the hypertrophy of mature adipocytes.Main methodsAll experiments were performed on the murine preadipocyte cell line 3T3-L1. We studied the formation of intracellular lipid droplets in adipocytes and the apoptosis-inducing activity to evaluate the effects of polymethoxyflavonoids on adipocyte differentiation and hypertrophy, respectively. The secretion of adipocytokines was measured using ELISA.Key findingsWe demonstrated that the combined treatment of differentiation reagents with nobiletin or tangeretin differentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes possessing less intracellular triglyceride as compared to vehicle-treated differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Both flavonoids increased the secretion of an insulin-sensitizing factor, adiponectin, but concomitantly decreased the secretion of an insulin-resistance factor, MCP-1, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, nobiletin was found to decrease the secretion of resistin, which serves as an insulin-resistance factor. In mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, nobiletin induced apoptosis; tangeretin, in contrast, did not induce apoptosis, but suppressed further triglyceride accumulation.SignificanceOur results suggest that nobiletin and tangeretin are promising therapeutic candidates for the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance by modulating the adipocytokine secretion balance. We also demonstrated the different effects of nobiletin and tangeretin on mature adipocytes. 相似文献