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41.
Yusup Hidayat Rindy Friesca Ferera Ahmad Faiq Ramadhan Wawan Kurniawan Endah Yulia Siska Rasiska 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2019,143(1-2):69-76
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major pest of a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of combining edible vegetable oil application and artificial fruit provision to reduce the oviposition of B. dorsalis in chilli fruits. Experiments were conducted in laboratory using a 20‐L plastic container provided with chilli fruits and in semi field using a fruit‐bearing chilli plant caged with insect screen. The laboratory test revealed that the combination of coconut oil application and artificial fruit provision significantly reduced fruit fly visits, eggs laid and the number of infested chilli fruits no matter when the chilli fruits were without prepuncture or with prepuncture. Further study using a caged chilli plant also found that this combination had significant effects on fruit fly visits and infestation in chilli fruits. These results provide an indication that coconut oil and artificial fruit can work together to reduce fruit fly attacks on chilli fruits. Combining the use of coconut oil and artificial fruit is likely to create an integrated behavioural manipulation (push and pull) of female B. dorsalis that lead to a much lower fruit fly infestation in chilli fruits. 相似文献
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Dirk Nikolaus Karger Hanna Tuomisto Victor B. Amoroso Dedy Darnaedi Arief Hidayat Stefan Abrahamczyk Jürgen Kluge Marcus Lehnert Michael Kessler 《Ecography》2015,38(12):1243-1253
We investigated if an increase in species pool size leads to more pronounced turnover in local communities and assessed if this increase relates to stronger competition for environmental niches or to more random placement of species. We compared compositional turnover of pteridophytes (ferns and lycophytes) at 15 sites in mountain ecosystems on 13 islands in southeast Asia and Melanesia that mainly differed in the size of their species pool. Each site was sampled with 16 plots of 20 × 20 m2. Using multiple regression on distance matrices, we investigated the relationship between environmental distance and compositional turnover at different spatial extents within sites with different species pool sizes. Additionally, we tested the hypothesis that the intensity of competition increases with increasing species pool size. This was done by assessing how realized niche overlap and unevenness of communities relate to environmental distance and species pool size. With increasing species pool size, there was an increase in: a) proportional turnover in community composition, b) the importance of environmental distance for explaining turnover in community composition and c) a decrease in environmental niche overlap between species indicating an increasing importance of competition for community composition. Our results support the idea that increasing species pool size increases the competition for available environmental niches, and thereby leads to a tighter connection between environmental factors and community composition. 相似文献
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Hidayat Hussain Natalia Root Farah Jabeen Ahmed Al‐Harrasi Manzoor Ahmad Fazal Mabood Zahid Hassan Afzal Shah Ivan R. Green Barbara Schulz Karsten Krohn 《化学与生物多样性》2015,12(2):289-294
A new polychlorinated triphenyl diether named microsphaerol ( 1 ), has been isolated from the endophtic fungus Microsphaeropsis sp. An intensive phytochemical investigation of the endophytic fungus Seimatosporium sp., led to the isolation of a new naphthalene derivative named seimatorone ( 2 ) and eight known compounds, i.e., 1‐(2,6‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐3‐hydroxybutan‐1‐one ( 3 ), 1‐(2,6‐dihydroxyphenyl)butan‐1‐one ( 4 ), 1‐(2‐hydroxy‐6‐methoxyphenyl)butan‐1‐one ( 5 ), 5‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one ( 6 ), 2,3‐dihydro‐5‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one ( 7 ), 8‐methoxynaphthalen‐1‐ol ( 8 ), nodulisporins A and B ( 9 and 10 , resp.), and daldinol ( 11 ). The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis including 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and HR‐EI‐MS, while the structures of the known compounds were deduced from comparison of their spectral data with those in the literature. Preliminary studies revealed that microsphaerol ( 1 ) showed good antibacterial activities against B. Megaterium and E. coli, and good antilagal and antifungal activities against C. fusca, M. violaceum, respectively. On the other hand, seimatorone ( 2 ) exhibited moderate antibacterial, antialgal, and antifungal activities. 相似文献
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Lisbeth Garbrecht Thygesen Budi Juliman Hidayat Katja Salomon Johansen Claus Felby 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2011,38(8):975-983
The study of biomass deconstruction by enzymatic hydrolysis has hitherto not focussed on the importance of supramolecular
structures of cellulose. In lignocellulose fibres, regions with a different organisation of the microfibrils are present.
These regions are called dislocations or slip planes and they are known to be more susceptible to various forms of degradation
such as acid hydrolysis. Traditionally the cellulose within these regions has been assumed to be amorphous, but in this study
it is shown by use of polarized light microscopy that dislocations are birefringent. This indicates that they have a crystalline
organisation. Dislocations may be entry points for endoglucanases. Using a fluorescent labelled endoglucanase combined with
confocal fluorescence microscopy, it is shown that the enzyme selectively binds to dislocations during the initial phase of
the hydrolysis. Using a commercial cellulase mixture on hydrothermally treated wheat straw, it was found that the fibres were
cut into segments corresponding to the sections between the dislocations initially present, as has previously been observed
for acid hydrolysis of softwood pulps. The results indicate that dislocations are important during the initial part of enzymatic
hydrolysis of cellulose. The implications of this phenomenon have not yet been recognized or explored within cellulosic biofuels. 相似文献
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A powdery mildew fungus belonging to the genus Setoidium (anamorph of Cystotheca) was found on Castanopsis javanica in Cibodas Botanical Garden and mount Tangkuban Perahu, West Java, Indonesia. The fungus is considered as a new species, namely, Setoidium castanopsidis. Phylogenetic analyses of the 28S and ITS rDNA regions showed that S. castanopsidis formed a distinct lineage separated from Cy. tjibodensis, Cy. lanestris, and Cy. wrightii. Setoidium castanopsidis also differs morphologically from Cy. tjibodensis in having distinct appressoria (nipple-shaped), longer conidiophores with longer foot-cells, larger conidia, and being found on Ca. javanica. The teleomorphic state has not been found during the collection. 相似文献
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Ahmed Al‐Harrasi Liaqat Ali Najeeb Ur Rehman Javid Hussain Hidayat Hussain Ahmed Al‐Rawahi Tania Shamim Rizvi 《化学与生物多样性》2013,10(8):1501-1506
A new boswellic acid derivative, 11α‐ethoxy‐β‐boswellic acid (EBA; 1 ) and a new ursane‐type triterpene, named nizwanone ( 2 ), were isolated from Omani frankincense Boswellia sacra Flueck . together with two known compounds papyriogenin B and rigidenol. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis using 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, 1H,1H‐COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and HR‐EI‐MS techniques. The relative configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned by comparative analysis of the NMR spectral data with those of known analogs together with NOESY experiments. Structures of known compounds were identified by comparison with the reported data. 相似文献
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Rintis Noviyanti Farah Coutrier Retno A. S. Utami Hidayat Trimarsanto Yusrifar K. Tirta Leily Trianty Andreas Kusuma Inge Sutanto Ayleen Kosasih Rita Kusriastuti William A. Hawley Ferdinand Laihad Neil Lobo Jutta Marfurt Taane G. Clark Ric N. Price Sarah Auburn 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2015,9(5)
Background
Outside of Africa, P. falciparum and P. vivax usually coexist. In such co-endemic regions, successful malaria control programs have a greater impact on reducing falciparum malaria, resulting in P. vivax becoming the predominant species of infection. Adding to the challenges of elimination, the dormant liver stage complicates efforts to monitor the impact of ongoing interventions against P. vivax. We investigated molecular approaches to inform the respective transmission dynamics of P. falciparum and P. vivax and how these could help to prioritize public health interventions.Methodology/ Principal Findings
Genotype data generated at 8 and 9 microsatellite loci were analysed in 168 P. falciparum and 166 P. vivax isolates, respectively, from four co-endemic sites in Indonesia (Bangka, Kalimantan, Sumba and West Timor). Measures of diversity, linkage disequilibrium (LD) and population structure were used to gauge the transmission dynamics of each species in each setting. Marked differences were observed in the diversity and population structure of P. vivax versus P. falciparum. In Bangka, Kalimantan and Timor, P. falciparum diversity was low, and LD patterns were consistent with unstable, epidemic transmission, amenable to targeted intervention. In contrast, P. vivax diversity was higher and transmission appeared more stable. Population differentiation was lower in P. vivax versus P. falciparum, suggesting that the hypnozoite reservoir might play an important role in sustaining local transmission and facilitating the spread of P. vivax infections in different endemic settings. P. vivax polyclonality varied with local endemicity, demonstrating potential utility in informing on transmission intensity in this species.Conclusions/ Significance
Molecular approaches can provide important information on malaria transmission that is not readily available from traditional epidemiological measures. Elucidation of the transmission dynamics circulating in a given setting will have a major role in prioritising malaria control strategies, particularly against the relatively neglected non-falciparum species. 相似文献49.
Keni Vidilaseris Karina Hidayat Debbie S. Retnoningrum Zeily Nurachman Achmad Saefuddin Noer Dessy Natalia 《Biologia》2009,64(6):1047-1052
An Indonesian marine bacterial isolate, which belongs to genus of Bacillus sp. based on 16S rDNA analysis and was identified as Bacillus filicolonicus according to its morphology and physiology, produced a raw starch degrading α-amylase. The partially purified α-amylase using a maize starch affinity method exhibited an optimum pH and temperature of 6.0 and 60°C, respectively. The enzyme
retained 72% of its activity in the presence of 1.5 M NaCl. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the α-amylase was capable of degrading starch granules of rice and maize. This α-amylase from Bacillus sp. ALSHL3 was classified as a saccharifying enzyme since its major final degradation product was glucose, maltose, and maltotriose. 相似文献
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